High Voltage Safety Marine Electrical Cables and Wires W. Maes - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
high voltage safety
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

High Voltage Safety Marine Electrical Cables and Wires W. Maes - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 21, 2024 230 likes •883 views

Introduction High Voltage Safety Marine Electrical Cables and Wires W. Maes Department of Marine Engineering Antwerp Maritime Academy HV, 2017 Willem Maes High Voltage Safety Introduction Outline Introduction 1 Willem Maes High Voltage

slide-1
SLIDE 1

Introduction

High Voltage Safety

Marine Electrical Cables and Wires

  • W. Maes

Department of Marine Engineering Antwerp Maritime Academy

HV, 2017

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-2
SLIDE 2

Introduction

Outline

1

Introduction

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Introduction

Introduction

Transport of electric energy takes place over conductors. For short distances we can use solid bars. For larger distances cables are used.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-4
SLIDE 4

Introduction

Marine Electric Cabling

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Introduction

Conductors in Electrical Cables

Marine cables use a stranded conductor of 7 or more wires.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Introduction

Material used for conductors

Copper ρ = 0, 0175Ωmm2/m Aluminium ρ = 0, 029Ωmm2/m

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-7
SLIDE 7

Introduction

The main acceptable types are:

low smoke low toxic

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-8
SLIDE 8

Introduction

PVC cables

commercially attractive generate toxic and corrosive gases during a fire

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-9
SLIDE 9

Introduction

Low smoke cable types

low mechanical properties stress while being pulled is considerably lower than PVC

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-10
SLIDE 10

Introduction

Electric Field

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-11
SLIDE 11

Introduction

Electric Field Concentration

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-12
SLIDE 12

Introduction

Electric Field Concentration

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-13
SLIDE 13

Introduction

Dielectric stress in a single core cable

Under operating conditions, the isolation of a cable is subject to electrostatic forces. This is known as dielectric stress. Under influence of dielectric stress isolation can deteriorate.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-14
SLIDE 14

Introduction

Dielectric Strength

Dielectric Strength is the material’s ability to withstand voltage breakdown. Is expressed in Volts (V) or Kilo volts (KV)

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-15
SLIDE 15

Introduction

Normal three-core power cable

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-16
SLIDE 16

Introduction

Fire resistant screened power cable

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-17
SLIDE 17

Introduction

Fire resistant power cable

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-18
SLIDE 18

Introduction

Fire resistant control cable

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-19
SLIDE 19

Introduction

Double screened (EMC) power cable

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-20
SLIDE 20

Introduction

Overall screened cable

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-21
SLIDE 21

Introduction

Cables for Marine use

Cables for marine use differ from those used for on-shore installations: Core is not solid but consist of stranded conductor of 7 or more wires to cope with the vibrating environment. Cables in a marine environment must be fixed to the cable supports. Flexible cables for cranes or telescopic supported wheelhouses are fixed to movable cable trays.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-22
SLIDE 22

Introduction

Cables for Marine use

Cables for marine use differ from those used for on-shore installations: Core is not solid but consist of stranded conductor of 7 or more wires to cope with the vibrating environment. Cables in a marine environment must be fixed to the cable supports. Flexible cables for cranes or telescopic supported wheelhouses are fixed to movable cable trays.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Introduction

Cables for Marine use

Cables for marine use differ from those used for on-shore installations: Core is not solid but consist of stranded conductor of 7 or more wires to cope with the vibrating environment. Cables in a marine environment must be fixed to the cable supports. Flexible cables for cranes or telescopic supported wheelhouses are fixed to movable cable trays.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Introduction

Flexible Cables

Flexible cables shall consist of flexible conductors, stranded with 19 or more wires and special flexible insulating materials. The cables must stay flexible at lower temperatures (below 0)

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-25
SLIDE 25

Introduction

Exception

Cables with solid conductors up to 2.5mm2 can be used in ship’s accommodations.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Introduction

Single conductor cables

Single conductor AC cables in systems rated more than 20A arrangements are to be made to account for the harmful effect

  • f electromagnetic induction:

the cable is to be supported on non fragile insulators The cable armoring or any metallic protection must be non magnetic and earthed on mid span or supply end only When single core cables pass a bulkhead the sum of the currents trough this penetration must be 0

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-27
SLIDE 27

Introduction

Single conductor cables

Single conductor AC cables in systems rated more than 20A arrangements are to be made to account for the harmful effect

  • f electromagnetic induction:

the cable is to be supported on non fragile insulators The cable armoring or any metallic protection must be non magnetic and earthed on mid span or supply end only When single core cables pass a bulkhead the sum of the currents trough this penetration must be 0

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-28
SLIDE 28

Introduction

Single conductor cables

Single conductor AC cables in systems rated more than 20A arrangements are to be made to account for the harmful effect

  • f electromagnetic induction:

the cable is to be supported on non fragile insulators The cable armoring or any metallic protection must be non magnetic and earthed on mid span or supply end only When single core cables pass a bulkhead the sum of the currents trough this penetration must be 0

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-29
SLIDE 29

Introduction

Fire resistant cables

Must remain functional under fire conditions. Have a similar construction as other cables, but are provided with an additional layer of mineral insulation around the conductors, in this case mica.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Introduction

Application of fire resistant cables

When the circuit have to remain in service under fire conditions. emergency lighting fire detection communication circuits fire pump fire safety shut down circuits

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-31
SLIDE 31

Introduction

Application of fire resistant cables

When the circuit have to remain in service under fire conditions. emergency lighting fire detection communication circuits fire pump fire safety shut down circuits

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-32
SLIDE 32

Introduction

Application of fire resistant cables

When the circuit have to remain in service under fire conditions. emergency lighting fire detection communication circuits fire pump fire safety shut down circuits

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-33
SLIDE 33

Introduction

Application of fire resistant cables

When the circuit have to remain in service under fire conditions. emergency lighting fire detection communication circuits fire pump fire safety shut down circuits

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-34
SLIDE 34

Introduction

Cable selection tables

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-35
SLIDE 35

Introduction

Cable selection tables

Correction factor for ambient air temp of 45 C

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-36
SLIDE 36

Introduction

Cable selection tables

Correction factors for bunching of cables or when the numbers

  • f conductors in a cable exceeds 4 may also be applied and

class rules must be consulted for the corresponding values. ABS pg654

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-37
SLIDE 37

Introduction

Cable selection tables

Codes are printed on the outside, according to the production standard

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-38
SLIDE 38

Introduction

Cable trays and cable fixing

fixed cable trays.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-39
SLIDE 39

Introduction

Cable trays and cable fixing

flexible cable trays.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-40
SLIDE 40

Introduction

Pipe and cable tunnel

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-41
SLIDE 41

Introduction

Minimum internal radius of bends

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-42
SLIDE 42

Introduction

Minimum internal radius of bends

An average figure of 6 times the overall diameter is a reasonable rule of thumb. Above 1000V the figure lies between 15 times the overall diameter for multicore and 20 for single-core cables

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-43
SLIDE 43

Introduction

High voltage cables

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-44
SLIDE 44

Introduction

High voltage cables must be segregated from low voltage cables. Control cables must be segregated from all power cables.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-45
SLIDE 45

Introduction

Minimum distances cable supports

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-46
SLIDE 46

Introduction

Cables are normally fixed with Tie-wraps. These tie wraps must be UV resistant. When cables are mounted on vertical or overhead cable-trays steel cable band are used. When single-core or high voltage cables are involved non magnetic materials should be used (stainless-steel).

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-47
SLIDE 47

Introduction

Cables are normally fixed with Tie-wraps. These tie wraps must be UV resistant. When cables are mounted on vertical or overhead cable-trays steel cable band are used. When single-core or high voltage cables are involved non magnetic materials should be used (stainless-steel).

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-48
SLIDE 48

Introduction

Cables are normally fixed with Tie-wraps. These tie wraps must be UV resistant. When cables are mounted on vertical or overhead cable-trays steel cable band are used. When single-core or high voltage cables are involved non magnetic materials should be used (stainless-steel).

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-49
SLIDE 49

Introduction

Paint on cables

Where paint or any other coating is systematically and intentionally applied on the electric cables, it is to be established...... ABS 4-8-4 21.1.6

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-50
SLIDE 50

Introduction

High voltage cables

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-51
SLIDE 51

Introduction

Above 3KV cables have a radial field construction with an earthing screen between the cores and the outside insulation. These cables have to be terminated with a special 3-pole sleeve.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-52
SLIDE 52

Introduction

Flexible cables

Telescopic supported wheelhouse.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-53
SLIDE 53

Introduction

Cable penetrations

Multiple glands with rubber sealing blocks

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-54
SLIDE 54

Introduction

Cable Penetrations

Standard cable penetrations are A-60 fire resistant and are watertight up to a pressure of 50 meters water column

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-55
SLIDE 55

Introduction

Watertight cable penetration

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-56
SLIDE 56

Introduction

Additional fire protection

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-57
SLIDE 57

Introduction

Design assessment

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-58
SLIDE 58

Introduction

Design assessment

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-59
SLIDE 59

Introduction

Cable connections

Cables are to be installed as far as practicable, in continuous lengths between termination points. Where necessary the use of junction boxes will be permitted. Cable splices will be permitted during construction for joining cables between modules, or when extending or truncating the lengths of cables during repair or alteration.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-60
SLIDE 60

Introduction

Cable connections

Cables are to be installed as far as practicable, in continuous lengths between termination points. Where necessary the use of junction boxes will be permitted. Cable splices will be permitted during construction for joining cables between modules, or when extending or truncating the lengths of cables during repair or alteration.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-61
SLIDE 61

Introduction

Cable connections

Cables are to be installed as far as practicable, in continuous lengths between termination points. Where necessary the use of junction boxes will be permitted. Cable splices will be permitted during construction for joining cables between modules, or when extending or truncating the lengths of cables during repair or alteration.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-62
SLIDE 62

Introduction

Cable terminations

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

slide-63
SLIDE 63

Introduction

Cable terminations

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety