Transformers Willem Maes High Voltage Safety Transformers Willem - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Transformers Willem Maes High Voltage Safety Transformers Willem - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 03, 2022 575 likes •1.11k views

Transformers Willem Maes High Voltage Safety Transformers Willem Maes High Voltage Safety Transformers Willem Maes High Voltage Safety Transformers Willem Maes High Voltage Safety Transformers Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 1

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 2

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 3

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 4

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 5

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 6

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 7

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 8

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 9

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 10

Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 11

Autotransformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 12

Autotransformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 13

Autotransformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 14

Autotransformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 15

Current transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 16

Current transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 17

Current transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 18

Current Transformers

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 19

Transformer losses

Two kind of losses Core losses Cu losses

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 20

Transformer losses

Two kind of losses Core losses Cu losses

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 21

Transformer losses

Core losses Hysteresis loss Eddy current loss Core losses in transformer also known as iron loss in transformer can be considered as constant for all range of load.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 22

Transformer losses

Core losses Hysteresis loss Eddy current loss Core losses in transformer also known as iron loss in transformer can be considered as constant for all range of load.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 23

Transformer losses

Core losses Hysteresis loss Eddy current loss Core losses in transformer also known as iron loss in transformer can be considered as constant for all range of load.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 24

Transformer losses

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 25

Transformer losses

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 26

Transformers

Transformers are used for changing voltage levels. Other functions are galvanic isolation, establishing phase shift and performing measurements. Transformers that bring about a phase shift can be used to feed a frequency converter in order to remove the largest harmonic currents.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 27

Transformers

Transformers are used for changing voltage levels. Other functions are galvanic isolation, establishing phase shift and performing measurements. Transformers that bring about a phase shift can be used to feed a frequency converter in order to remove the largest harmonic currents.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 28

Transformers

Transformers are used for changing voltage levels. Other functions are galvanic isolation, establishing phase shift and performing measurements. Transformers that bring about a phase shift can be used to feed a frequency converter in order to remove the largest harmonic currents.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 29

Transformers

Figure : dry type transformer

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 30

Transformers

There are two types of transformers liquid filled and dry transformers. Dry transformer windings are cooled by air. Liquid cooled transformers are cooled with special oil.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 31

Transformers

There are two types of transformers liquid filled and dry transformers. Dry transformer windings are cooled by air. Liquid cooled transformers are cooled with special oil.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 32

Transformers

There are two types of transformers liquid filled and dry transformers. Dry transformer windings are cooled by air. Liquid cooled transformers are cooled with special oil.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 33

Transformers

Figure : High Voltage current transformer

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 34

Safety measures when working on transformers

Work on a transformer is only permitted in voltage-free and earthed condition. Transformer windings can be normally insulated on the

  • uter surface by means of an epoxy resin layer. This

insulation does not, make them shockproof in terms of the valid standards.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 35

Safety measures when working on transformers

Every transformer radiates a magnetic field when in

  • peration.

The magnetic field is not significantly reduced by a housing. Any person with a cardiac pacemaker or metal implants should avoid the area within a radius of 3 meters. Housing or housing parts must not be disassembled during

  • peration.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 36

Safety measures when working on transformers

Every transformer radiates a magnetic field when in

  • peration.

The magnetic field is not significantly reduced by a housing. Any person with a cardiac pacemaker or metal implants should avoid the area within a radius of 3 meters. Housing or housing parts must not be disassembled during

  • peration.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 37

Safety measures when working on transformers

Every transformer radiates a magnetic field when in

  • peration.

The magnetic field is not significantly reduced by a housing. Any person with a cardiac pacemaker or metal implants should avoid the area within a radius of 3 meters. Housing or housing parts must not be disassembled during

  • peration.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 38

Safety measures when working on transformers

Every transformer radiates a magnetic field when in

  • peration.

The magnetic field is not significantly reduced by a housing. Any person with a cardiac pacemaker or metal implants should avoid the area within a radius of 3 meters. Housing or housing parts must not be disassembled during

  • peration.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 39

Safety measures when working on transformers

Verify that any conductor is de energized before testing for continuity or resistance Uncontrolled release of energy may result if the inductors current is suddenly interrupted Electromagnets may produce large external forces which may affect the proper operation of the protective instruments and controls.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 40

Safety measures when working on transformers

Verify that any conductor is de energized before testing for continuity or resistance Uncontrolled release of energy may result if the inductors current is suddenly interrupted Electromagnets may produce large external forces which may affect the proper operation of the protective instruments and controls.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 41

Safety measures when working on transformers

Verify that any conductor is de energized before testing for continuity or resistance Uncontrolled release of energy may result if the inductors current is suddenly interrupted Electromagnets may produce large external forces which may affect the proper operation of the protective instruments and controls.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 42

Safety measures when working on transformers

By suddenly de-energizing a magnet large eddy currents can be produced in adjacent conductive materials that may cause excessive heating and hazardous voltages. A magnetic field can attract nearby magnetic material, including tools, which could cause injury or damage on impact.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 43

Safety measures when working on transformers

By suddenly de-energizing a magnet large eddy currents can be produced in adjacent conductive materials that may cause excessive heating and hazardous voltages. A magnetic field can attract nearby magnetic material, including tools, which could cause injury or damage on impact.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 44

Safety measures when working on transformers

Protection against touch

Transformers supplied as only IP00 must be locked away under use so that when energized they can never be

  • touched. The transformer cast resin surface is not an

approved isolator and therefore is not safe to touch. Accidental touch protection could be provided through the installation of safety barriers, gates or similar.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 45

Figure : High Voltage transformer

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 46

Safety measures when working on transformers

Earth connections The total resistance of the protective earthing must be dimensioned in such a way that protective systems are in

  • peration all the time and can act upon an earth fault.

The cross section of the earthing connections must comply with the regulations and on-site conditions and must be maintained at all times also during repair and maintenance

  • perations.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 47

Safety measures when working on transformers

Earth connections The total resistance of the protective earthing must be dimensioned in such a way that protective systems are in

  • peration all the time and can act upon an earth fault.

The cross section of the earthing connections must comply with the regulations and on-site conditions and must be maintained at all times also during repair and maintenance

  • perations.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 48

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 49

Safety measures when working on transformers

Electrical and mechanical connections The minimum distance (according to the rules) between live parts and between live parts and earth must never be

  • diminished. This relates to the distances between cables

and high voltage windings in particular. All retaining elements of the screw connections are to be checked and replaced if necessary before reconnecting. All connections must fit tightly and be mechanically secure. The bolts for the electrical connections are to be tightened using a torque wrench.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 50

Safety measures when working on transformers

Electrical and mechanical connections The minimum distance (according to the rules) between live parts and between live parts and earth must never be

  • diminished. This relates to the distances between cables

and high voltage windings in particular. All retaining elements of the screw connections are to be checked and replaced if necessary before reconnecting. All connections must fit tightly and be mechanically secure. The bolts for the electrical connections are to be tightened using a torque wrench.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety

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SLIDE 51

Safety measures when working on transformers

Electrical and mechanical connections The minimum distance (according to the rules) between live parts and between live parts and earth must never be

  • diminished. This relates to the distances between cables

and high voltage windings in particular. All retaining elements of the screw connections are to be checked and replaced if necessary before reconnecting. All connections must fit tightly and be mechanically secure. The bolts for the electrical connections are to be tightened using a torque wrench.

Willem Maes High Voltage Safety