Conjoint Approach to Water & Sanitation in the State of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Conjoint Approach to Water & Sanitation in the State of Uttarakhand

• Ms. Sowjanya, Project Director

Uttarakhand Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Project, Department of Drinking Water, Government of Uttarakhand

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 Name of session: Breakout Session 1  Title of presentation: Case Study: Conjoint Approach to

Water & Sanitation in the State of Uttarakhand

 Name of presenter with organisation details:

• Ms. Sowjanya, Project Director,

Uttarakhand Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Project, Department of Drinking Water, Govt. of Uttarakhand

 email ID : pmu_uttaranchal@rediffmail.com

Overview

Sanitation Coverage

29 32 36 41 47 55 65 75 85 92

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-1 201 0-1 1 201 1

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2 201 2-1 3

%

The above % is on the basis of 2001 Census Integrated delivery of RWSS w.e.f. 2006-2007

Trend of NGP Award

13 122 282 418 462 525 100 200 300 400 500 600 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Numbers

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Challenges for scaling up: Reaching the Unreached

 Dependency on public water supply systems  Inhospitable terrain; Scattered population ; Not enough land  Frequent land slides ; Short working season. ; Weak capacity of GPs

Key Factors for Success:

• Decentralized institutional arrangement
• Integrated Approach to Water Supply & Sanitation
• Intensive IEC campaign
• Community involvement at all stages
• Use of NGO to strengthen the capacity of the GP
• Capacity building at all level in view of the changing roles and

responsibilities induced by the decentralized process

Summary

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Discussion Points

• 1. Decentralized institutional arrangement:

 The sanitation strategy is strictly premised on the

principle of ‘subsidiarity’.

 The habitation is the focal point for all activities rather

than revenue village or the Gram Panchayat.

 PRIs and local communities plan, procure, construct,

• perate and maintain RWSS facilities

 Users Water & Sanitation Sub Committee is the

primary management unit exercising control over resources & decision making.

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• 2. Integrated Approach to Water Supply & Sanitation

 The water supply schemes are integrated with household and village environmental sanitation programs, solid waste management, and health and hygiene awareness promotion programs for maximizing the health benefits to the rural communities.  Availability of water at the village level, reliable and functioning water supply system is a key for sustainable usage of sanitation facilities.

Discussion Points

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Discussion Points

• 3. Intensive IEC
• Intensive IEC for awareness creation and demand

generation for sanitation facilities.

• Motivating communities & GPs promoting sustainable

sanitation facilities through awareness and healthy education.

• Focus on women stakeholders.
• Use of participatory tools
• General

messages and information

• n

disease transmission.

• Fear of attack from wild animals/potential molestations

are important triggers for demand generation.

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• 4. Use of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) Tools
• PRA process is used to help rural communities to organize

their knowledge, identify and prioritize local development needs, and develop along term action plans.

• The advantage of PRA includes;

 full participation of communities right from the start,  plans reflect a field reality,  establishment of good working relationships and  communication lines between authorities and the community.

Discussion Points

Healthy Home Survey

 A set of self monitoring tools developed and used by

the community to monitor its own sanitation status develop follow up action plan on areas needing

• attention. The steps include: -

 Developing the indicators in three groups personal

hygiene, domestic hygiene and environmental sanitation.

 Data collection through secret balloting, survey of

houses and village area.

 Discussion of the results in a community wide meeting.  Based on above preparing action plan for the next

quarter and setting targets for achievement.

Healthy Home Survey

Monitoring and performance tracking

 The online Sector Information System (SIS) has helped

in timely analysis and aggregation of data at various level to track progress, process quality and sustainability.

 This system has led to reduction and time and efforts

made in generating various information required at various levels.

 This has also led to transparency in the implementation

• f the RWSS.

 The URL http://swajalsis.uk.gov.in is in public domain

and can be viewed by any one without password.

 The SIS has helped in tracking the progress of each and

every aspect of RWSS scheme at any point of time leading to good example of good governance

Monitoring and performance tracking

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Challenges for scaling up:

Non availability of water supply in remotely located habitations. Thin population density per Sq/Km. Inhospitable terrain; Short working season due to frequent landslides; Temperature below freezing point in high mountain areas during winter and Weak capacity of GPs. Weak financial & technical capacity of contractors for execution of turn key works.

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 The project is strictly premised on the principle of ‘subsidiarity’

viz., that a particular decision/activity is made/ takes place at the lowest most appropriate level.

 Accordingly, the habitation is the focal point for planning,

implementation, operation & maintenance of the water supply scheme, rather than revenue village or the Gram Panchayat (GP).

 UWSSCs is the primary management units exercising control

• ver resources & decision making.

 The project makes extensive use of existing government systems

for funds flow, financial control & financial reporting.

 The state has transferred the control of ‘funds, functions and

functionaries’ down to the lowest rung of the local governance infrastructure - Gram Panchayats - transforming the way rural water supply infrastructure is created and managed in the state.

Key Success Factors

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Key Success Factors

 Dedicated team of motivators and volunteers  Integrated delivery of water supply services: The water supply

schemes are integrated with catchment area programs, household and village environmental sanitation programs, solid waste management and health and hygiene awareness promotion programs, in order to maximize water supply and health benefits to the communities.

 Implementation in integrated manner through coordination of

concerned line departments like ICDS, Health, Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Watershed, Education, Jal Nigam, Jal Sansthan and Ajeevika Pariyojana.

 Effective communication with the communities one of the

single biggest reason for scaling up

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• Habitation as unit of planning: The habitation is the focal point

for planning, implementation, operation & maintenance of the water supply scheme, rather than revenue village or the Gram Panchayat (GP).

• Capacity building of all stakeholders: Special training

programs have been developed and implemented through the local training institutions to sensitize the state, district and village stakeholders and functionaries regarding the sanitation program

 Information, Education, and Communications (IEC): IEC

activities through workshops, cross-visits, competitions, IEC stalls, TV programs, etc. A couple of short documentary films have been prepared on the good practices currently being implemented under the project. A quarterly newsletter- ‘Swajal Samachar’ is regularly published for dissemination of project philosophies and principles as well as experience sharing and lessons learnt.

Key Success Factors

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 Management

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communities expectations through negotiation and communication for achieving sustainable sanitation goals.  Leaderships are vital. This needs to be carefully nurtured, especially at local level.  Investment in addressing changes from early childhood, especially through Aganwadi and schools are effective, but require quality inputs in both software and hardware.  Legislation & regulations are needed to ensure that the costs

• f community water supply and sanitation are recovered

from all water source users.  Recognition that mere construction of toilets does not guarantee usage nor results in improved hygiene & sanitation.

Recommendations for Next steps/what should be done

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 Dissemination of success stories through exposure visits.  Communication management should be planned to communicate most effectively and efficiently with village specific communities  Use of a flexible interpersonal style suiting to audience.  Political and cultural awareness. The skillful use of politics can help in scaling up.  Decentralized delivery of RWSS is need of the hour.  Emphasizing sanitation as an economic stimulus.  Involving and activating of PRIs in sanitation campaigns  Provision of bathing facility with a toilet encourages women in particular and is a significant trigger for better sanitation

• utcomes.

 Meaningful collaboration with NGOs for capacity building and community mobilization.

Recommendations for Next steps

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IHHL, School & Community Toilets

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Solid Liquid Waste Management

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E mail ID: pmu_uttaranchal@rediffmail.com Phone No. 0135/2733380

Thank you