Sanitation Policies And Sanitation Policies And Regulatory Frameworks On g y Reuse Of Nutrients In Human Excreta And Waste Water In E t A d W t W t I Uganda Uganda 24 th August 2009 By Achiro Brenda NETWAS Uganda
Background � In uganda, the sanitation sector mainly cuts across 3 ministries namely Water, cuts across 3 ministries namely Water, Health and Education � The Ministry of water focuses on sanitation � The Ministry of water focuses on sanitation around public water points � Ministry of Health focuses on household � Mi i t f H lth f h h ld sanitation � While the Ministry of Education focuses on sanitation in primary schools. p y NOTE: The law in Uganda is silent on re- use of feacal matter for nutrients use of feacal matter for nutrients.
Legal framework Provision Provision Brief Description Brief Description Public Health Act, Is the main law that governs the sanitation sub sector, 1964 revised in 2000 and provides the basis for undertaking measures to prevent and address a range of diseases for the preservation of public health. It states that every citizen is obliged to have access to a It states that every citizen is obliged to have access to a latrine at ones homes (chapter 269), and it requires that all places of work have latrines. However, The major gap has been the fines being too low H Th j h b th fi b i t l and enforcement process constrained by political interference. Decentralization Each Local Government is supposed to make their own policy sanitation ordinances and byelaws. They have to be approved by the council and checked by the solicitor approved by the council and checked by the solicitor general to ensure consistency with other laws. This could include legislation regarding the development and use of ECOSAN approaches ECOSAN approaches. However, Not all LGs have made these laws (long process).
Legal framework The Water statute The Water statute, Mentions the control of pollution and promotion of safe Mentions the control of pollution and promotion of safe (1995) storage, treatment , discharge and disposal of waste that may pollute water or otherwise harm the environment and human health health. The National It specifies that all sanitation facilities should be designed in Environmental such a manner as to reduce the environmental impact of p Health policy unmanaged human waste disposal. (2005) In section 16 of research, it states that other stakeholders like NGOs might be best placed to conduct research relating like NGOs might be best placed to conduct research relating to their particular areas of responsibility, and that the areas of health care waste management and disposal is a current research area. h National Health It puts sanitation high on health priorities, sanitation is one Policy (1999) y ( ) of the 8 priorities stipulated. It also has flexibility in p p y formulation of appropriate legislation on more permanent technologies that can work. The Sewerage Th S Th These stipulate requirements for emitting trade waste ti l t i t f itti t d t regulations into sewerage works. It also deals with applications to construct or extend private sewer works.
Legal Framework The Water (Waste This defines WASTE to include sewage and any other matter or thing whether wholly or partly in solid, liquid Discharge) Regulations or gaseous state, which if added to any water, may or gaseous state, which if added to any water, may (1998) (1998) cause pollution. Some of the issues that these regulations stipulate are; standards for effluent or waste waste discharge/ sewerage permits prohibition waste, waste discharge/ sewerage permits, prohibition on discharge of effluents among many. However, Industries have called for revision as the regulations are considered too stringent The Environment The Environment The statute does not mention re use per say but The statute does not mention re-use per say but Management Statute categorizes it under discharge. The standard for treated waste before discharge (or re-use in any form) is (1995); established by the National Environment Authority. t bli h d b th N ti l E i t A th it The statute stipulates guidelines for inception of new Projects e.g products and by-products and their effects j g p y p on the environment and the socio-economic benefits.
Recent Policy Initiatives (1999-2007) Th K The Kampala Declaration on l D l ti The 10- point strategy Th 10 i t t t Sanitation- KDS+10 1.Exemplary and committed In 1997 a National Sanitation In 1997, a National Sanitation l leadership d hi Forum was held to raise the profile 2. Full community mobilisation of Sanitation and develop a national program of action. 3. Focus on district, subcounty, and and urban authorities rban a thorities The forum produced the Kampala 4. Coordination and multi-sectoral Declaration on Sanitation (KDS) approach 1997. 5 Focus on schools 5. Focus on schools 6. Creating fora at district Local government leaders agreed 7. Central role of women to halt the declining status of sanitation and committed sanitation and committed 8. Private sector and NGO themselves to a 10-point strategy participation in service delivery 9. Capacity building at district Challenge in implementation Challenge in implementation level level Despite the political willingness and 10. Development of policies and support from local government guidelines leaders, institutional mandates and appropriate financial mechanisms appropriate financial mechanisms for provision of sanitation and hygiene were not clarified.
Recent Policy Initiatives (1999-2009) � With the signing of the sanitation Signing of the MoU 2001— Si i f h 2001 i h h i i f h i i Clarification of Institutional MOU, it was agreed that each of the mandates at the national level three lead ministries will certify i institutional anchorages and tit ti l h d responsibilities, including Ministry of Water, Land and prioritization of resources for Environment would be sanitation and hygiene promotion sanitation and hygiene promotion responsible for planning investment in sewerage services and public facilities in towns and Bottlenecks to this MoU rural growth centers; � It clarifies mandates of three � Ministry of Health would be Ministries at the national level, but responsible for household hygiene does not mention the mandate and role and sanitation; and of the Ministry of Local Government or the Ministry of Gender, Labor and � Ministry of Education and Social Development, which has an Sports for school latrine p important role in seeing if local construction and hygiene governments are delivering on their education sanitation related mandates.
Recent Policy Initiatives � Improved Sanitation and Hygiene 10-year financing strategy (ISH) elaborated in strategy (ISH) elaborated in 2006, based upon 3 pillars; supply, demand and enabling environment enabling environment � recognizes ecological g g sanitation (UDDT) as one of the options to be considered especially in areas with p y difficult geological conditions. � However, it has been stated that EcoSan approaches that EcoSan approaches demand specific demonstration and funding in order to overcome barriers to order to overcome barriers to their introduction
Recent Policy Initiatives Recent Policy Initiatives Activity (Ecosan related) Pillar I Improved Sanitation and d S it ti d � Development of improved Demand Hygiene Financing tools based on social marketing techniques q � Introduction of social Recently, the Government of marketing among NGOs Uganda with the support of g pp � Marketing of sanitation � Marketing of sanitation the National Sanitation products e.g. plastic latrines Working group has recently � Continue and expand existing Supply commissioned and approved i i d d d Ecosan programmes � Product improvement and the 10 year financing development of range of the strategy for ISH An strategy for ISH. An plastic latrines integrated budget line with � Dialogue with the private Enabling clear guidelines on the g sector Env’t Env t. � Investigate sources of activities to be funded is sanitation market failures being developed.
Recent Policy Initiatives 10-Year Strategy on Ecological Sanitation Strategy Outline presents 4 Key areas (Strategy Chapters); - Coordination and Networking, - change of attitudes, - concepts and technology and t d t h l d - political support. � Also, Demand, Supply and Enable Pillars of the ISH form the Ten Year EcoSan Strategy the Ten Year EcoSan Strategy
Recommend
More recommend
