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Vis101 - Visualization
Andrey Karsakov
vi ▪ su ▪ al ▪ i ▪ za ▪ tion
- 1. Formation of mental
visual images
- 2. The act or process of
interpreting in visual terms or of putting into visible form
The American Heritage Dictionary
Vis101 - Visualization Andrey Karsakov vi su al i za tion 1. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Vis101 - Visualization Andrey Karsakov vi su al i za tion 1. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Vis101 - Visualization Andrey Karsakov vi su al i za tion 1. Formation of mental visual images 2. The act or process of interpreting in visual terms or of putting into visible form The American Heritage Dictionary
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Visualization Definition
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Why Visualize?
[New York Times]
To inform humans: Communication
How did the unemployment and labor force develop over the last years?
When questions are not well defined: Exploration
Which combination of genes causes cancer? Which drug can help patient X?
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Purpose of Visualization
Open Exploration Confirmation Communication
[Obama Administration]
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Example Communication
[New York Times]
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Example Exploration: Cancer Subtypes
[Caleydo StratomeX]
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Why Graphics?
Figures are richer; provide more information with less clutter and in less space. Figures provide the gestalt effect: they give an
- verview; make structure more visible.
Figures are more accessible, easier to understand, faster to grasp, more comprehensible, more memorable, more fun, and less formal.
List adapted from: [Stasko et al. 1998]
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When not to visualize? When to automate?
Well defined question on well-defined dataset
Which gene is most frequently mutated in this set of patients? What is the current unemployment rate?
Decisions needed in minimal time
High frequency stock market trading: which stock to buy/sell? Manufacturing: is bottle broken?
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The Ability Matrix
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Why Use Computers?
Scale
Drawing by hand infeasible Interaction allows to “drill down” into data Integration with algorithms
[Sunburst Visualization]
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Why Use Computers?
Efficiency Re-use charts for different datasets Quality Precise data driven rendering Storytelling Use time
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Tell Stories
[New York Times]
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Why not just use Statistics?
I II III IV x y x y x y x y 10 8.0 10 9.1 10 7.4 8 6.5 8 6.9 8 8.1 8 6.7 8 5.7 13 7.5 13 8.7 13 12. 8 7.7 9 8.8 9 8.7 9 7.1 8 8.8 11 8.3 11 9.2 11 7.8 8 8.4 14 9.9 14 8.1 14 8.8 8 7.0 6 7.2 6 6.1 6 6.0 8 5.2 4 4.2 4 3.1 4 5.3 19 12. 12 10. 12 9.1 12 8.1 8 5.5 7 4.8 7 7.2 7 6.4 8 7.9 5 5.6 5 4.7 5 5.7 8 6.8
Mean x: 9 y: 7.50 Variance x: 11 y: 4.122 Correlation x – y: 0.816 Linear regression: y = 3.00 + 0.500x
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Anscombe’s Quartett
Mean x: 9 y: 7.50 Variance x: 11 y: 4.122 Correlation x – y: 0.816 Linear regression: y = 3.00 + 0.500x
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Good Data Visualization
… makes data accessible … combines strengths of humans and computers … enables insight … communicates
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How did we get here?
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Record
Konya town map, Turkey, c. 6200 BC Anaximander of Miletus, c. 550 BC
Milestones project
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Record
Leonardo Da Vinci, ca. 1500 Galileo Galilei, 1616 William Curtis (1746-1799)
The History of Visual Communication The Galileo Project, Rice University
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Record
- E. J. Muybridge, 1878
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Analyze
Planetary Movement Diagram, c. 950 Halley’s Wind Map, 1686
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Analyze
- W. Playfair, 1786
- W. Playfair, 1801
[wikipedia.org]
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Find Patterns
John Snow, 1854
[E. Tufte, Visual Explanations, 1997]
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Communicate
C.J. Minard, 1869
[E. Tufte, C.J. Minard, 1869 Writings, Artworks, News]
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Communicate
London Subway Map, 1927
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Communicate
Harry Beck, 1933
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New York Times, 2010
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- T. Fradet
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Jerome Cukier, D3 Writeup About the Map
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Interact
Ivan Sutherland, Sketchpad, 1963 Doug Engelbart, 1968
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Analyze
- M. Wattenberg, 2005
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Communicate
Hans Rosling, TED 2006
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Big Data
2010: 1,200 exabytes, largely unstructured Google stores ~10 exabytes (2013) Hard disk industry ships ~8 exabytes/year
15 Exabytes in Punch Cards: 4.5 km over New England
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http://onesecond.designly.com/
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“The ability to take data—to be able to understand it, to process it, to extract value from it, to visualize it, to communicate it— that’s going to be a hugely important skill in the next decades, … because now we really do have essentially free and ubiquitous data.”
Hal Varian, Google’s Chief Economist The McKinsey Quarterly, Jan 2009
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Limits of Cognition
Daniel J. Simons and Daniel T. Levin, Failure to detect changes to people during a real world interaction, 1998
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Limits of Cognition
Which gender or income level group shows different effects of age on cholesterol levels?
Mal ales Fem emales Inc ncome Group Under 65 65 or Over Under 65 65 or Over 0-$2 $24, 4,999 99 250 200 375 550 $25,0 ,000+ 430 300 700 500
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Visual Queries
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“It is things that make us smart”
The History of Visual Communication
Donald A. Norman
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The History of Visual Communication
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Idea Maps, by Jamie Nast Visual Thinking Collection, Dave Grey
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Visualization
“Visualization is really about external cognition, that is, how resources outside the mind can be used to boost the cognitive capabilities of the mind.”
Stuart Card
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Who are we?
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Andrey Karsakov
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Scientific Visualization Group
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Our Research
Visualization, Graphics etc.
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About You
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Structure & Goals
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Vis101 Goals
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No Device Policy
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Information - kapc3d.github.io
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Communicate
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Course Components
Design Skills Coding Skills Theory
Lectures Reading Discussion Sections D3 reading Self-study Office hours Design Lecture Design Studios
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Sections
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Schedule
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Required Books
All book covers are clickable
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Complementary Books
a lot of various additional and interesting stuff here: LINK
All book covers are clickable
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Programming
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Is this course for me ???
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Prerequisites
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This Week
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Next Week
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https://github.com/kapc3d/vis101