th CENTURY IN 10 th 16 16 th DYNAMIC CHANGE IN Atin Fitriana, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

JAVANESE PERSONAL PRONOUN SIR IRA’S DYNAMIC CHANGE IN IN 10th – 16 16th

th CENTURY

Atin Fitriana, Myrna Laksman-Huntley, and Dwi Puspitorini Faculty of Humanities Universitas Indonesia Depok, Indonesia atin.fitriana81@ui.ac.id; laksman@ui.ac.id; dwi.puspitorini@ui.ac.id

IN INTRODUCTION AND LIT ITERATURE REVIEW

This study aims to display the shift of sira used in 10-16th century by using corpus linguistic and Mair’s grammaticalization approaches Personal pronouns served a crucial function in characterizing the linguistic aspects of the text, as done by Zoetmulder (1985), Hunter (2007), and Kriswanto (2017). Other studies, also discussing personal pronouns and providing an overview

• f personal pronouns usage, were carried out by Uhlenbeck (1968), Becker

and Oka (1974), and Zoetmulder and Poedjawijatna (1992). Various facts on personal pronouns can be synchronously placed into a wider scope of discussion (diachronic) by employing grammaticalization.

IN INTRODUCTION AND LIT ITERATURE REVIEW

Several studies ​examining the use of personal pronouns diachronically: Donohue and Smith, 1998; Egerland, 2005; Kim, 2009; King, 2011; Howe, 2013; Prayogi, 2013; and Ishiyama, 2019 Regarding the grammatical aspect, these studies indicated personal pronouns shift in the aspects of form, referent, and also the grammatical function. The grammaticalization study is a study that focuses on investigating typologies and universal languages using large data (Mair, 2004). Mair (2004) also explains that grammaticalization is often associated with frequency.

METHOD

• This research employs qualitative and quantitative methods
• These texts, dated from the 11th to the 16th century, are analyzed using corpus

linguistics and grammatical approaches.

• The texts are Adiparwa (10th century) edited by Juynboll (1906), Arjunawiwaha

(11th century) edited by Robson (2008), Bharatayuddha (12th century) edited by Wirjosuparto (1966), Arjunawijaya (14th century) edited by Supomo (1977), Pararaton (15th/16th century) edited Phalgunadi (1996).

• Antconc Program : n-grams and concordance features

FIN INDINGS AND DIS ISSCUSSION

• Based on the normalization analysis carried out on the five texts, the frequency of

sira is higher in prose texts (Adiparwa and Pararaton texts).

• Furthermore, the function of sira is more varied in prose texts than in poetry texts.
• Some of the functions of sira found in prose texts are third person pronouns,

second person pronouns, modifiers, and honorific markers.

• By using the n-grams and concordance feature, the use of sira as

the third person pronoun in the Adiparwa text is found to be accompanied more by modifier ta both on the left or right. 3rd person

• In Adiparwa text of the 10th century, the use of sira as a modifier is

quite high. However, its use as a modifier decreases in the texts in later periods. modifiers

• The use of sira as honorific marker has increased from the 10th

century to 16th century. In the Pararaton text, sira, served as an honorific marker, is mostly followed by proper names with more than 300 occurrences. Honorific markers

• the use of sira as second person pronoun was found to be present in

the text from the later period, which is the Pararaton text dated in 15th/16th century. 2nd person

FIN INDINGS AND DIS ISSCUSSION

• The various genre of data used greatly affects the frequency and variation of the

function of sira.

• Of the various functions of sira, the use of sira is closely related to the honorific

aspect.

• The construction process of sira as a second personal pronoun is also inevitable

from its function as an honorific marker.

• This is in line with the current use of the personal pronoun in Javanese which

considers the honorific aspect honoring the interlocutors and the person being talked.

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

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