PROMOTING ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN INDONESIA - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

PROMOTING ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN INDONESIA

Mohammad Helmy

Senior Adviser, Indonesia Solid Waste Association (InSWA) 8 September 2015

The Archipelago of Indonesia

http://www.ceritaindonesia.web.id

• 255 million population in 1.9 million km2
• 34 provinces, 511 Cities + Regencies, 17,000 islands
• Almost 60% of the population in Java Island

Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics and Handling

58% 14% 9% 2% 17%

Organic Plastic Paper Metal Woods, Glass, Rubber, Fabric, Sand, Other

Source: Indonesia Domestic Solid Waste Statistics, MoE, 2008

69% 14% 14% 3%

Transported to Landfill Buried, Burnt Composted, other Disposed

Waste Handling Waste Composition

Policy framework: Law No 18/2008 on MSW Management

Central Government authority:

• Policy and strategy formulation
• Formulate national standards, procedure and guidelines
• Conduct capacity building, coordination and facilitation

MSW Management Policy:

• Minimization  3R & EPR; Handling  collecting, segregation,

transportation, landfill and final processing

• Close open dumping practices and shift to sanitary landfilling / W2E /
• ther methods
• Enhance local government’s services to the community

City and District authority:

• Responsible for the implementation of MSW management policies
• Carry out monitoring, evaluation and control

Anaerobic digestion of MSW as an alternative energy source

• Indonesia has a long experience in the application of AD for micro / small

food industries (e.g. tofu, cassava flour) and the utilization of animal manure in animal husbandry in rural areas;

• Energy is generated from waste, which would otherwise be dumped or

landfilled, with savings in transport costs, and a decrease of air, soil and water pollution;

• AD development shall complement the activity of waste banks, which

have been very successful in Indonesia in the recycling of inorganics (e.g. paper, plastics, etc.);

• Given the high shares of organic waste that are left untreated, there is an

enormous untapped potential to generate energy from waste through AD conversion in Indonesia.

Policy framework in Indonesia for waste-to-energy

No. Energy Capacity Electricity Tariff Note Medium Voltage 1. Biomass until 10 MW IDR 1.150,- / kWh X F ($ 8 cents) 2. Biogas until 10 MW IDR 1.050,- / kWh X F ($ 7 cents) Non Municipal Solid Waste 3. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) until 10 MW IDR 1.450,- / kWh ($ 11 cents) Zero waste 4. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) until 10 MW IDR 1.250,- / kWh ($ 9 cents) Sanitary Landfill Low Voltage 1 Biomass until 10 MW IDR 1.500,- / kWh X F ($ 11 cents) 2 Biogas until 10 MW IDR 1.400,- / kWh X F ($ 10 cents) Non Municipal Solid Waste 3 Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) until 10 MW IDR 1.798,- / kWh ($ 13 cents) Zero waste 4 Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) until 10 MW IDR 1.598,- / kWh ($ 15 cents) Sanitary Landfill *F is an incentive factor based on the region where the power plant installed

A Feed-in tariff system for bioenergy-based power generation is in place in Indonesia through Regulation No. 19 (2013) and No. 27 (2014) of the Ministry

• f Energy and Mineral Resources:

Piloting the anaerobic digestion conversion of municipal solid waste in Jambi City (South Sumatra) and Malang Regency (East Java)

Overview of Jambi City

Population 681,616 inhabitants Area 205.40 km2 Daily waste generation 362.5 tons/day Waste generation rate 0.53 kg/capita/day Waste collection rate (waste transported to the landfill) 72% Institution responsible for waste management Sanitation, Landscaping, and Cemetery Agency Coverage area of waste management services 100% Final Disposal Talang Gulo Landfill (15 km from the city centre). Semi-controlled landfill.

• TELANAIPURA
• DISTRICT

PELAYANGAN DISTRICT DANAU TELUK DISTRICT EAST JAMBI DISTRICT SOUTH JAMBI DISTRICT JELUTUNG DISTRICT KOTA BARU DISTRICT PASAR JAMBI DISTRICT

Jambi

• =

Material Recovery Facility

• =

Landfill

• =

Waste Bank

• Talang

Gulo Landfill 10 12 11 V A B C D G F E H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 8

Jambi City

Opportunities for waste-to-energy in Jambi

• Ongoing practice in Jambi: collection – transportation – final disposal of

waste

• Waste-to-energy pilot (Anaerobic Digestion) to treat market waste at

Angso Duo market is being developed by ESCAP, in partnership with the Jambi local government authority and UCLG ASPAC

• At Angso Duo market, > 65% of waste composition is suitable for AD

conversion (vegetables 56%, fruits 11%) Waste generation and collection in the Angso Duo market

Overview of Malang Regency

Population 2,466,277 inhabitants Area 3,238 km2 Daily waste generation 1603 ton/day Waste generation rate 0.65 kg/cap/day Waste collection rate (waste transported to the landfill) 4.7% Institution responsible for waste management The Human Settlements and Spatial Planning Agency Coverage area of waste management services 76% Final Disposal

• a. Randuagung Landfill, Singosari (open dumping)
• b. Talangagung Landfill, Kepanjen (semi-controlled landfill)
• c. Paras Landfill, Poncokusumo (semi-controlled landfill)
• d. Rejosari Landfill, Bantur (open dumping)

• Kasembon

District Ngantang District Pujon District Karangploso District Singosari District Lawang District Pakis District Jabung District Tumpang District Dau District Wagir District Ngajum District Wonosari District Kromangan District Sumberpucung District Kepanjen District Pakisaji

• District

Tajinan District Bululawang District Gondanglegi District Plaran District Turen District Wajak District Pancokusumo District Ampelgading District Tirtoyudo District Dampit District Sumbermanjing Wetan District Gedangan District Bantur District Pagak District Kalipare District Donomulyo District

• Malang

Regency

• =

Material Recovery Facility

• =

Landfill

• =

Waste Bank

• Pujon

Landfill Randuagung Landfill 2 4 3 6 Paras Landfill Bululawang Landfill TalangAgung Landfill Pagak Landfill

• Rejosari

Landfill

• 9

5 1 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 7 A B C D E

Malang Regency

Opportunities for waste-to-energy in Malang Regency

• Malang Regency is mostly composed of peri-urban areas, with extensive areas

for plantation, agriculture and animal breeding;

• A 2 ton per day waste-to-energy pilot will be developed by ESCAP, in

partnership with Malang Regency, the local community and UCLG ASPAC, to treat waste from the Mantung market, as well as the organic waste from other smaller markets nearby and animal husbandry waste;

• Ongoing practice in Mantung are: waste collection and disposal to the

nearest dumping site or river without any further treatment. Additionally, the animal waste from husbandry is simply dumped into the river and no treatment occurs.

Mantung market, Malang Regency

Expected Results and Challenges

• Waste-to-energy plants for treating organic waste in Jambi and Malang Regency
• perate in a financially sustainable manner and provide energy to the surrounding

communities in the form of heat and/or electricity

• Reduction in the waste transported and disposed into landfills, thereby saving

landfill area and reducing waste transportation costs

• The model is replicated to other cities in Indonesia
• Segregation of waste at source is typically not practiced or enforced in Indonesia
• Tipping fees are traditionally not paid by municipalities
• Low budget allocations to MSW Management can be an issue for ensuring the financial

sustainability of “waste-to-resource” initiatives, especially AD and composting

• Technical issues are likely in handling a “new” waste conversion approach, and therefore

the a need for capacity building of plant managers and operators

Expected results: Challenges:

Thank You. Terima Kasih

Indonesia Solid Waste Association (InSWA)

Secretariat:

• Jl. Krekot Bunder IV Blok H No 19, Pasar Baru, Jakarta-Pusat

sekretariat@inswa.or.id, inswa.org@gmail.com http://inswa.or.id Field Office: TPS 3R RAWASARI

• Jl. Rawa Kerbau 5A- Rawasari Selatan, Cempaka Putih Timur, Jakarta Pusat 10510

Telp: (+62-21) 4627 1206 Fax :(+62-21) 4627 1207