Organic Compounds in Water and Wastewater Origins of NOM I Lecture - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Print version CEE 697z Organic Compounds in Water and Wastewater Origins of NOM I Lecture #4 Dave Reckhow - Organics In W & WW Outline Engineering Concerns NOM in Source Waters Origins Classifications Concentrations
Origins of NOM I
Dave Reckhow - Organics In W & WW
Lecture #4
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Origins Classifications Concentrations
Basic properties Useful methods
Compounds formed Amounts formed: Precursor tests
It’s one of my favorite recipes. I call it Humic Acid
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Where
Pedogenic Aquogenic
Factors
Geology Flora Climate Land use Hydrology
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Algae
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Algae
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“I think you should be more explicit here in step two”
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Humic substances
Fulvic & Humic Acid
Non-humics
Many are Structurally Defined Many are simple plant products
Tannins, Aromatic Acids and Phenols Carbohydrates, sugars Fatty Acids Amino Acids and Proteins T
erpenoids
Miscellaneous Low MW Compounds
Acylheteropolysaccharides are in this group too
Structural sugars containing nitrogen 8
Organic detritus modified by microbial degradation lignin origin vs microbial resistant to further biodegradation “old” organics easier to remove by coagulation
may be relatively “new” includes many biochemicals and their immediate
generally more biodegradable concentrations are highly variable with season
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Organic detritus modified by microbial degradation lignin origin vs microbial resistant to further biodegradation “old” organics
may be relatively “new” includes many biochemicals and their immediate
generally more biodegradable concentrations are highly variable with season
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Three
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Algae Vascular Plants Humic Substances Acylhetero polysaccharides Biodegradation
Simple Plant Products :Nu El hν
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Pyruvate Acetate Water Soluble Acids Porphyrins Amino Acids Nucleic Acids
compounds Proteins Shikimic Acid Carbohydrates Saponifiable Liquids Unsaponifiable Liquids Mevalonic acid Terpenoids Steroids Flavonoids Aromatic Compounds
From: Robinson, 1991
Activated non-N precursors Nitrogenous precursors
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Cellulose Lignin
Phenyl-propane units Cross-linked Radical
Ill defined structure
Hemicellulose Terpeniods Proteins
Leaching rates from the
Amount released each
Diminishes with time for
From: Magill and Aber, 2000 Soil Biology & Biochemistry, vol. 32, pp.603-613
250 g/m2/yr EABP
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Highly- colored Some color
Terrestrial
Aber & Melillo 2nd edition Harcourt
Academic Press
Phenolic Acids
Readily released, highly colored
Lignin
Very slowly released, some color
Simple sugars
Readily released, highly
Starch
Easily released and also
Cellulose & Hemicellulose
Slow to solubilize, not easily
DOC-C loss versus total C loss in mg C. Y-axis values are mean leached DOC concentration for the 15 week treatment X-axis values are total C loss from litter. Maple Oak Pine
Re-drawn from Magill and Aber, 2000
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O HO HO HO H H OH H H OH OH OH
CH CH CH H2 C CH2 O OH O OH O C C C O O O HO HO HO HO HO HO HO HO HO
Gallic Acid monomers
C C C C C C OH H H OH OH
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COOH OH
COOH OH OCH3
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From: Perdue & Ritchie, 2004
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Oxidation of model lignin by ligninase & H2O2 (from Kirk & Farrell, 1987)
Dave Reckhow - Organics In W & WW
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