October 2015 1. The Natural Gas 2. Value chain 3. LNG Satellite - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

October 2015

2

• 1. The Natural Gas
• 2. Value chain
• 3. LNG Satellite Plants.
• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants.
• 5. LNG Satellite Plants uses
• 6. Marine Applications

MOLGAS ENERGÍA S.A.U.

Molgas is one of the leading designer and manufacturer of small‐scale LNG technologies. More than 20 years of experience in the small scale LNG business due to the historically advanced position of Spain as the leader with Japan in the small scale LNG market. More than 150 regasification plants built in Europe in the past decade. With a fleet of over 110 tanks for LNG road transport, Molgas is the leading company of LNG transportation. We are currently delivering 6.900 GWh, per year (worth over 210 million€) through Europe. Actively involved in the LNG market, offering integral solutions to domestic, industrial and power generation clients: molecule, transport and regasification

• plants. Diversified portfolio on the supply of molecule.

Strong presence in the LNG for light and heavy vehicles and starting presence in the bunkering sector

3

…biggest LNG truck company in Europe Molgas Group… …leading manufacturer of LNG plants …more than 100 industrial clients

The use of LNG provides energetic savings for clients of approximately 26% versus LPG and 20% versus fuel The use of LNG provides energetic savings for clients of approximately 26% versus LPG and 20% versus fuel

MOLGAS ENERGÍA S.A.U.

Key figures of the company today are:

110 LNG tankers (2 times our next competitor) providing LNG road truck transportation services to more than 150 clients throughout Spain, France and Portugal.

4

We are currently delivering 6,900 GWh, per year (worth over 210 million€). The group is the biggest LNG transportation company in Europe. Over 100 clients to which we provide “the whole service”, i.e. designing & building the satellite plant, transport and sale of LNG; total amount of 1,600Gwh. Strong presence in Spain, Portugal, France, Italy and Latam with an estimated market of 15,000 GWh (1,500 million€) in the next three years.

• 1. The Natural Gas

It´s a gas combustible under normal conditions, mainly constituted by methane. Its maritime transport is carried out in liquid phase (LNG) by “methane carriers” at a temperature of ‐160 °C. Its industrial use improves the combustion process, enabling a better control, regulation and reduction in the operation cost in generation equipment. Because it´s a continuous supply with no storage needs, and for its high benefits, it´s ideal for its use in turbines, cogeneration, furnaces, water production, direct flame heating, etc..

5

• 1. The natural gas: EMISIONS

The use of natural gas instead of other fossil fuels, reduces emissions significantly, being the most environmentally friendly combustible:

25% of CO2 70% of NOx absence of SO2and particles

6

7

• 1. The natural gas: ECONOMICAL

8

• 1. The natural gas: IT’S NATURAL

LNG Vapour pressure 0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0

• 165,0
• 145,0
• 125,0
• 105,0

t (ºC) p (b a r a b s ) Density 300 315 330 345 360 375 390 405 420 435 450 465 5 10 15 20 25 30 p (bar) Densidad d (Kg/m3)

9

• 1. The natural gas: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• 1. The natural gas: DENSITY
• Before open security valves, we warraty 95%

level liquid fase (Instead ADR rules).

Do you know the LNG?

• www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCMB7zYiIp4

11

Estado Conver. Nm3 MMPC Kg gas M3 US Gallon Kg liquido kWh MMBTU Gas Nm3 ‐ 35,3x10

‐6

0,76 0,0016 2 0,4275 1 0,76 10,7 0,03652 MMPC 28.300 ‐ 21.000 46 12.106, 5 21.000 283.00 1.020,0 Kg gas 1,32 4,7x10 ‐5 ‐ 2,3x10 ‐

3

0,6x10 ‐

3

1 13,6 52,3x10 ‐

3

Líquido M3 580 21,8x10

‐3

455 ‐ 0,26 455 6.206 22,58 US Gallon 2,34 82,6x10

‐6

1,6 3,8 ‐ 1,6 25,04 0,085 Kg liquido 1,32 50,5x10

‐6

1 2,3x10 ‐

3

0,6x10 ‐

3

‐ 13,6 52,3x10 ‐

3

Energía kWh 0,093 3,5x10 ‐6 0,073 0,2x10 ‐

3

0,04 0,073 ‐ 3,3x10 ‐3 MMBTU 27,4 0,9x10 ‐3 19,1 0,044 11,76 19,1 303,03 ‐

12

• INFLAMABILITY: 4,4 a 17%
• CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURE: ‐164ºC,

PRESURE: Pipeline pressure will be around 70‐80 bar, GNC is around 200 bar

• ASPHYXIA: It is NOT tóxic, but it desplace the
• xigen
• NOT ODOUR: It is necessary to odorize (THT o

Mercaptan)

• 1. The natural gas: RISKS

13

• CLASSIFICATION: Risk Classification is 3 on a scale of 1‐3 (1 =

low, 2 = medium, 3 = high). Natural gas is lighter than air (specific gravity 0.61) and despite their high levels of flammability and explosiveness, leakage or emissions dissipate quickly in the upper layers of the atmosphere, hindering the formation of explosive mixtures with air.

• HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: You must stay away from ignition

sources, sparks, flame and heat. Domestic classification or lacking electrical connections are the most common sources

• f ignition.
• 1. The natural gas: PREVENTION

14

• FLASH POINT: (Natural Gas: ‐222ºC) is substance with flash point of

38 ° C or less is considered dangerous, between 38 and 93 ° C, moderately flammable, greater than 93 ° C flammability is low (fuel). The flash point of the natural gas (‐222ºC) makes it an extremely dangerous compound.

• LEVELS OF EXPLOSIVE: mixtures of air with less than 4.5% and more

than 14.5% are non‐flammable methane or exploited; even in the presence of an ignition source.

• CALIBRATION ALARM DETECTORS of explosive mixtures:

– Point 1 = 20% LEL: visual and audible alarm gas in the atmosphere. – Point 2 = 60% LEL: You must perform actions stop pumps, block valves, etc ... Before reaching the hazardous area.

• 1. The natural gas: PREVENTION (II)

15

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: It is mandatory to wear a uniform to work all day that is exposed to LNG: ‐ HULL: For the protection of the contraimpactos head, penetration, electric shock and burns. ‐ Safety glasses: for front, side and top of eye protection. ‐ Work clothes camisole and pants or long sleeve 100% cotton coverall and leather gloves. ‐ INDUSTRIAL leather boots with protective sleeve and slip‐proof soles oil and chemicals. Avoid skin contact with methanol in the liquid phase as it will cause frostbite.

• 1. The natural gas: PERSONAL PROTECTION

16

• BIG SCALE:

– Liquefaction trains using cascade system till 20.000 tons/day, – Transport by ship till 200.000 m3 LNG, – Regasification unit till 2 milions Nm3/h.

• THIS ARE NOT OUR FOCUS PRESENTATION

17

2.‐ Value Chain: Big Scale

• MEDIUM SCALE:

– Liquefaction trains using MRC system till 2.000 tons/day, – Transport by ship till 10.000 m3 LNG, – Regasification unit till thousands Nm3/h.

• THIS ARE NOT OUR FOCUS PRESENTATION

18

2.‐ Value Chain: Medium Scale

• SMALL SCALE:

– Liquefaction column using Nitrogen expansion system till 300 tons/day, – Transport by truck till 50 m3 LNG, – Regasification unit till 10.000 Nm3/h.

• NANO SCALE:

– Liquefaction columns using Stirling system till 1 ton/day – Transport and regasification nano scale.

19

2.‐ Value Chain: Small Scale

2.‐ Value Chain: Diagram example

20

1- Methane carrier 2- LNG terminal 3- Cryogenic truck (tanker) 4- Tank 5- Vaporisation station

• 3. LNG Satellite Plants

The natural gas is found in liquid phase (LNG) at a temperature of ‐160 °C and low pressures. This conditions are achieved in big liquefaction plants. A LNG Satellite Plants is a set of storage and regasification facilities, designed to supply natural gas to the consumers that are located in areas where there is no gas supply grid. There are some requirements in order to be able to transport LNG to the Satellite Plants:

21

LNG Terminal/Supply Plant close enough, with truck loading facilities available. Proper road infrastructure. To ensure an efficient and stable gas supply, the market needs must be compatible with the price of the LNG in origin, and the costs of the required infrastructure.

• 3. LNG Satellite Plants

Basic Concepts and Elements of a LNG Satellite Plants There are 4 main functional groups:

22

LNG Regasification to Natural Gas: Is the group of equipment and accessories that are set downstream the tank, which main purpose is transforming the stored LNG into natural gas, at an environment temperature

Outlet pressure regulation: Installation

used to steady the gas outlet at the required pressure conditions. LNG Truck download: is the set of elements that allows the LNG transfer from the tanker to the plant. LNG Storage in a cryogenic tank: Is the set formed by the inner container, insulation, covering, valves, instrumentation and control equipment that allows the storage of the LNG at a temperature of ‐160 °C.

Instituto Superior de la Energía Master en Gas y Electricidad

P& I LN G PLAN T Modulo Depósito Modulo Descargas Modulo Gasificación Modulo Regulación Modulo Control

23

• 3. LNG Satellite Plants

Instituto Superior de la Energía Master en Gas y Electricidad 24

• 3. LNG Satellite Plants

• 3. LNG Satellite Plants

Basic Concepts and Elements of a LNG Satellite Plants

Auxiliary elements can be also added: Control and Register of Parameters Odorization Security and fire‐fighting system Civil works, illumination, etc. The regasification can be either atmospheric or forced, being the most common the atmospheric one, because of its economy, simplicity and security, for it hasn’t got any mechanic or hydraulic drive. The pressure inside de storage tank is usually between 29‐58 psi (2‐4 bar).

25

• 3. LNG Satellite Plants

The cryogenic tanks capacity is usually between 15,850 ‐ 52,834 gallons) 60 ‐ 200 m³. A 15,850 gallons (60 m³) tank can store 1,425 MMBtu (420 MWh).

26

Preventive and corrective maintenance must be done periodically by qualified companies. These are simple and secure installations. There haven’t been any serious incident in Europe for 30 years. These installations don’t need any in‐situ supervision, for the main parameters can be remote controlled and the downloads can be programmed by a telecontrol system.

• 3. LNG Satellite Plants

Basic Normative applicable (proyect, construction, operation) in USA: NFPA 59A “Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas” 49 CFR 193. “Liquefied Natural Gas Facilities: Federal Safety Standards”. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code US DOT 49 CFR Part 192, “Transportation of Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline: Minimum Federal Safety Standards, Including All References”.

27

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

Basic Concepts:

The transport to the satellite plants is usually focused in areas close to the LNG terminals (< 300 km). However, there are no technical impediments for the supply to plants that are more than 1000 km far from the terminal. Currently, the transport in Europe is carried out in tankers with a 12,758 gal (58 m³) LNG capacity (useful capacity of 10,778 gal‐49 m³, about 1,063 MMBtu‐28,000 Nm³

• f natural gas). In USA, the tankers usually have a LNG capacity of 12,565 gallons

(47.5 m³), with a useful capacity of 41.5 m³ (900 MMBtu).

28

The tankers can be cryogenic or isotherm, so they can also be used for the cryogenic transport of N2 and O2.

Instituto Superior de la Energía Master en Gas y Electricidad

European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road A D R

29

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

Instituto Superior de la Energía Master en Gas y Electricidad 30

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

Instituto Superior de la Energía Master en Gas y Electricidad 31

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

Max Working pressure: 7 bar Gross Volume: 56.300 l Insulation: superinsulation Net GNL: 21.900 kg aprox.

32

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

Basic Normative applicable (tanker’s construction, transport) in USA: Section VIII, Division 1, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Compressed Gas Association (CGA) pamphlet number 341, “standard for insulated cargo tank specification for nonflammable cryogenics Liquids”. U.S. Department of Transportation Specification MC‐338. 49 U.S.C 5101 and follows.

33

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

Involved figures in the LNG transport cycle by tankers:

Loading plant (terminal): It’s the loader. There must be an Emergency Plan

that specifies the actions to take in the event of an accident.

Load operations: They are carried out by the staff of the loading plant and

the tanker’s driver.

Transporter: It’s the figure in charge of the LNG transport from the loading

plant to the satellite plant. An Emergency Plan is also needed.

Downloader: It’s the figure in charge of the LNG downloading operation,

taking the appropriate security and quality measures. There must be an Emergency Plan that specifies the actions to take in the event of an accident.

34

• 3. MARKET: SPANISH SYSTEM

 During the year 2011 has been record‐breaking load of tanks in the Spanish gas system with a value of 44,182 tanks, 82% were loads ENAGAS terminals.

TAM SISTEMA

• ct-11

100 % Market (44.182 LNG trucks)

29% Barcelona (10.511 LNG Trucks)

82% ENAGAS (36.075 LNG trucks) 18% OTHERS (8.107 LNG trucks)

28% Cartagena (10.102 LNG Trucks) 43% Huelva (15.462 LNG Trucks)

3 5 .7 31 3 8 .6 2 9 38 .8 8 0 3 7 .9 7 9 3 8 .49 0 4 4 .1 8 2 3 7 .59 9 3 9 .2 1 4 4 0 .5 01 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 30.000 35.000 40.000 45.000 50.000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Market data in 2011:

Fuente : ENAGAS

35

• 4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

• 5. Satellite Plants uses

36

The satellite plants have revealed as an efficient and secure way for the gas natural supply in cases as: Industries: Those that, because of the distant to the gas supply grid, can’t

have access to a competitive supply, compared to other companies of the same sector, or those that can get a technological and economical advantage.

Electric generation Vehicular Bunkering Residential market distribution: It allows the supply of pipe gas in urban

areas that are far from de gas supply grid, and promotes the construction of gas infrastructures with lower investment costs than using a gas pipeline connection.

• 5. Satellite Plants uses

Global supply

Low costs vs. Other combustibles

Low emissions

Industrial, vehicular and Maritime uses Existing and proved technology

37

The construction technology is simple and proved, so it is possible to have access to natural gas in an easy way, with reduced

• perational and maintenance costs.

To carry out a gasification plan with this technology, there must be a regulatory framework, to ensure the return on investment, and a consultant with the relevant know‐how.

• 5. Satellite Plants uses

38 Light and heavy vehicles

Value chain / Molgas presence

LNG Reception Station Regasification plant LNG Refueling station Industry Domestic Supply contracts: signed contracts with the main utilities for up to 2.000GWh Bunkering Vehicles

Gas pipeline

Vehicles Heavy vehicles Logistics: Europe’s leader on LNG transport services. 110 LNG tanks LNG ship Gas Compressor CNG Refueling station 39

LNG Liquiefaction plant

Engineering: leader manufacturer with over 150 plants designed and constructed

Satellite plant, France 2013, upper view

40

Satellite plant, France 2013, upper view

41

Satellite plant, France 2013.

42

Satellite plant, France 2013.

43

Satellite plant, France 2013, upper view

44

Satellite plant, France 2013, upper view

45

Satellite plant, Portugal 2013.

46

Equipments layout 120 m³

47

48

• 6. Marine applications: Annex VI of MARPOL

49

• 6. Marine applications: ECA & SECA zones

50

• 6. Marine applications.

51

• 6. Marine applications: Land to Ship

52

• 6. Marine applications: Ship to Ship

53

• 6. Marine applications: Truck to Ship

54

• 6. Marine applications: Truck to Ship

Thank you