Market Trends and Market Trends and Export of Thai Fruits Export of Thai Fruits Narong Chomchalow Songpol Somsri Prempree Na Songkhla
Outline 1. Introduction 2. Major Fruits of Thailand 3. Marketing of Major Fruits of Thailand 4. National Policies 5. Strength and Weakness of Thai Fruit Industry
1. Introduction � Thailand has an area of 51.31 mill. ha � Population of 65 mill. � Located in SE Asia, 98-108 o E, 25-30 o N � Aver. rainfall: 1,200-1,600 mm � Aver. temp.: 25-30 o C � Suitable to produce a wide range of tropical and sub-tropical fruits
2. Major Fruits of Thailand � Thailand is one of the most abundant sources of tropical fruits in the world � It has high diversification in tropical fruits � Some subtropical fruits are also grown � Thai fruits are popular among consumers throughout the world
Volume of export of major fruits (fresh fruits and products) of Thailand, average of 2003-2005 Total = 1,066,968 tons Pineapple Longan 644,135 198,792 Durian 136,932 Pummelo Mangosteen 7,071 27,064 Mango Rambutan Lychee 17,202 14,496 21,276
Value of export of major fruits (fresh fruits and products) of Thailand, average 2003-2005 Total = 819.357 US$ mill. Pineapple 566.002 Longan 131.958 Durian 66.355 Pummelo Mangosteen 3.008 14.318 Mango Lychee 13.908 17.576 Rambutan, 11.856 15/08/50
Total production of major fruits of Thailand, 2005 Total = 6,697,546 tons Pummelo Longan Pineapple 276,628 705,534 2,189,293 Durain Mango 640,242 2,080,650 Mangosteen 207,309 Lychee Rambutan 79,274 518,616 15/08/50
Percent export of major fruits of Thailand, 2005 Average = 17.40 % Longan Durain 34.28 23.54 Pineapple Mangosteen 30.63 19.74 Lychee 31.08 Pummelo 2.27 Rambutan Mango 2.48 0.82 15/08/50
2.1 Longan ( 2.1 Longan (Dimocarpus Dimocarpus longana longana) ) � Originated in S. China, spread to many Originated in S. China, spread to many � countries in Asia: Thailand, India, Myanmar, countries in Asia: Thailand, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka Sri Lanka � Many cultivars developed with thick flesh, Many cultivars developed with thick flesh, � small seed, heavy bearer small seed, heavy bearer � Some acclimatized in other regions with hot Some acclimatized in other regions with hot � & humid climate & humid climate � Off Off- -season cultivars also developed season cultivars also developed � 15/08/50
100 year-old longan tree Wonderful setting 15/08/50
2.3 Its Origin was a Mystery 2.3 Its Origin was a Mystery � Although the farmers know how to propagate Although the farmers know how to propagate � MK, no one could explain its origin. MK, no one could explain its origin. � Some believe that MK is borne on the eastern Some believe that MK is borne on the eastern � side of the palm while others believe it is borne side of the palm while others believe it is borne on the western side on the western side � Both are sometimes correct Both are sometimes correct � 15/08/50
Longan � 11.1% of total fruit area � Commercial cultivars include: ‘I Do’, ‘Haeo’, ‘Biao Khiao’ & ‘Si Chomphu’ 15/08/50
In 2005: In 2005: � Area planted: 153,000 ha Area planted: 153,000 ha � � Total production:706,000 tons Total production:706,000 tons � � Export: 242,000 tons = US$ 143 mill. Export: 242,000 tons = US$ 143 mill. � � 34.3% of total production 34.3% of total production � � World World’ ’s largest exporter s largest exporter � � ‘ ‘I Do I Do’ ’ occupies 75%; occupies 75%; ‘ ‘Haeo Haeo’ ’, , ‘ ‘Biao Biao � Khiao’ ’, , ‘ ‘Si Si Chomphu Chomphu’ ’, 7% each , 7% each Khiao 15/08/50
2.2 Durian ( (Durio Durio zebethinus zebethinus) ) 2.2 Durian � Originated in Borneo Originated in Borneo � � Presently grown in all ASEAN countries Presently grown in all ASEAN countries � � Most famous fruit of SE Asia Most famous fruit of SE Asia � � ‘ ‘King of Fruits King of Fruits’ ’ and and ‘ ‘Fruit of Kings Fruit of Kings’ ’ � � ‘ ‘Tastes like heaven, smells like hell Tastes like heaven, smells like hell’ ’ � � Thai durian has very good taste and Thai durian has very good taste and � mild aroma, some with shriveled seeds mild aroma, some with shriveled seeds 15/08/50
Durian � 11% of total fruit area � World’s largest producer and exporter � Commercial cultivars include: ‘ Mon Thong’ ‘Chani’ ‘Kan Yao’ ‘Kradum’ 15/08/50
In 2005: In 2005: � Area planted: 132,000 ha Area planted: 132,000 ha � � Total production: 640,000 tons Total production: 640,000 tons � � Export: 150,000 tons Export: 150,000 tons � = US$ 77.4 mill. = US$ 77.4 mill. � 23.54% of total production 23.54% of total production � 15/08/50
‘Kan Yao’ ‘Chani’ ‘MonThong’ ‘MonThong’ ‘Kradum’ ‘Kradum’ 15/08/50
� Area planted: 67,000 ha Area planted: 67,000 ha � In 2005: In 2005: � Total production: 207,000 tons Total production: 207,000 tons � � Export: 41,000 tons = US$ 21 mill. Export: 41,000 tons = US$ 21 mill. � � 19.74% of total production 19.74% of total production � � World World’ ’s largest exporter s largest exporter � 15/08/50
Factors involved (Con Con’ ’t t.) .) Factors involved ( � Storage Period Storage Period � � Short period: Less fluffy Short period: Less fluffy � � Medium period: More fluffy Medium period: More fluffy � � Long period: Fully fluffy Long period: Fully fluffy � � Longer period: Fluffy meat disintegrates Longer period: Fluffy meat disintegrates � 15/08/50
� Area planted: 132,000 ha Area planted: 132,000 ha � In 2005: In 2005: � Total production: 640,000 tons Total production: 640,000 tons � � Export: 150,000 tons Export: 150,000 tons � = US$ 77.4 mill. = US$ 77.4 mill. � 23.54% of total production 23.54% of total production � 15/08/50
2.3 Mangosteen 2.3 Mangosteen (Garcinia Garcinia mangostana mangostana) ) ( � Originated in Originated in Sunda Sunda Islands Islands � � ‘ ‘Queen of Fruits Queen of Fruits’ ’ � � Widely grown in SE Asia and other tropical Widely grown in SE Asia and other tropical � countries in the Americas countries in the Americas � Thai mangosteen attracts foreigners Thai mangosteen attracts foreigners � � Marketed in Europe and Middle East & many Marketed in Europe and Middle East & many � Asian countries such as Japan and China Asian countries such as Japan and China 15/08/50
Mangosteen � 5% of total fruit area � Grown in the East and the South 15/08/50
In 2005: In 2005: � Area planted: 67,000 ha Area planted: 67,000 ha � � Total production: 207,000 tons Total production: 207,000 tons � � Export: 41,000 tons = US$ 21 mill. Export: 41,000 tons = US$ 21 mill. � � 19.74% of total production 19.74% of total production � � World World’ ’s largest exporter s largest exporter � 15/08/50
In 2005: In 2005: � Area planted: 67,000 ha Area planted: 67,000 ha � � Total production: 207,000 tons Total production: 207,000 tons � � Export: 41,000 tons = US$ 21 mill. Export: 41,000 tons = US$ 21 mill. � � 19.74% of total production 19.74% of total production � � World World’ ’s largest exporter s largest exporter � 15/08/50
4.2 Experiment & Conclusion 4.2 Experiment & Conclusion � Concluded that MK is controlled by a single Concluded that MK is controlled by a single � gene gene � MK is recessive MK is recessive – – k k � � Normal character is dominant Normal character is dominant – – K K � � MK MK- -bearing palm is a heterozygote ( bearing palm is a heterozygote (K Kk k) ) � � Controlled self Controlled self- -pollination yields a 3 : 1 ratio pollination yields a 3 : 1 ratio � of Normal : MK Normal : MK of � MK fruit ( MK fruit (kk kk) does not germinate ) does not germinate � 15/08/50
2.4 Lychee (Litchi (Litchi chinensis chinensis) ) 2.4 Lychee � Originated in Southern China Originated in Southern China � � Introduced from China during the reign of Introduced from China during the reign of � King Rama Rama II, grown in the lowland near II, grown in the lowland near King Bangkok Bangkok � Acclimatized to new habitat and bear fruit Acclimatized to new habitat and bear fruit � annually – – ‘ ‘Khom Khom’ ’, , ‘ ‘Chakkraphat Chakkraphat’ ’ annually � Main production area in the North Main production area in the North � � New cultivars developed by Thai farmers New cultivars developed by Thai farmers � include ‘ ‘Hong Hong Huai Huai’ ’, , ‘ ‘Kim Cheng Kim Cheng’ ’, , ‘ ‘O O Hia Hia’ ’ include 15/08/50
Lychee � 2.1% of total fruit area � Commercial cultivars include: ‘Hong Huai’, ‘O Hia’, ‘Chakkraphat’ 15/08/50
In 2005: In 2005: � Area planted: 28,000 ha Area planted: 28,000 ha � � Total production:79,000 tons Total production:79,000 tons � � Export: 25,000 tons Export: 25,000 tons � = US$ 18.5 mill. = US$ 18.5 mill. � 31.1% of total production 31.1% of total production � 15/08/50
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