FireSim A Virtual Firefighting Simulator Nils Schmeier Campus - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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FireSim A Virtual Firefighting Simulator Nils Schmeier Campus - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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FireSim A Virtual Firefighting Simulator Nils Schmeier Campus Fire Brigade Rossendorf Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade N. Schmeier http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim FireSim A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

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SLIDE 1

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim

Campus Fire Brigade Rossendorf

FireSim A Virtual Firefighting Simulator –

Nils Schmeißer

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SLIDE 2

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

2/16

Content

  • Concept

– “Virtual Reality”

  • The Virtual World
  • Interaction and Simulator feed-back
  • System Design
  • Scenario/Missions

– Search & Rescue – Radiation Protection – Fire-Fighting

  • Pros and Cons of Virtual Training
  • Outlook
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SLIDE 3

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

3/16

Concept

  • physical and chemical laws apply to all processes
  • simple models for selected scenarios
  • important criteria for good simulation

– appearance of simulation should be closed to reality – handling the simulation (interaction) should be “natural” – simulation must strictly follow physical and chemical laws

presence i n t e r a c t i

  • n

autonomy 1 1 1

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SLIDE 4

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

4/16

Virtual World

  • static geomety

– building, rooms, (passive) objects – CAD-drawings, operations sheet

  • dynamic objects

– state of object changes over time

  • location and condition
  • f attack group, person, ...
  • location and state (e.g. activity)
  • f radiation source
  • location and state of fire (e.g. current temperatur)

– core of simulation

  • user can move freely inside the virtual world
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SLIDE 5

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

5/16

System Design

render-engine instructor trainee

position and orientation Interaction parameters system state

simulation-engine

simulation parameters

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SLIDE 6

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

6/16

System Setup

  • PC, mid-range graphics card, soundcard, Linux OS

– 2 * quad-core AMD, nVidia Quadro FX 3700

  • tracking system

– Polhemus Patriot

  • display system

– head mounted display (eMagin Z800) – big-wall back-projection, stereo

  • data acquisition (control interface)

– Vellemann K-8055 USB experimental board

  • head-set
  • “gadgets”

– modified C-size nozzle, Teleprobe FH40G dummy, ...

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SLIDE 7

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

7/16

Interaction and Simulator feed-back

  • position in the virtual world

– tracking system (height and orientation) – virtual walking model (stepping sensor) – collision detection

  • input devices

– natural handling – modified C-size nozzle – Teleprobe FH40G dummy – process control

  • radio communication
  • extinguishing agent supply
  • visual, acoustic and haptic feed-back
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SLIDE 8

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

8/16

Engagement

  • define scenario

– combine different types

  • place order
  • arm trainee
  • accomplish

– logging

  • decisions
  • radio traffic
  • system parameters

– interaction by instructor – (immediate) replay

  • analysis
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SLIDE 9

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

9/16

Search & Rescue

  • objective:

– locate and rescue (insured) person

  • modeling person

– mobile/immobile/on the run

  • mobile person not implemented yet

– condition (NAD, unconscious, ...) – degree of insury

  • representation

– texture (image of real person) – acoustic: (crying, moaning, coughing, ...)

  • sound level depends on distance to person
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SLIDE 10

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

10/16

Radiation Protection

  • objective:

– determine dirty area – locate and isolate radiation sources

  • measure dose rate

(equivalent dose over time)

  • source defined by isotope

and activity [Bq]

  • conversion into dose rate via

dose conversion factor (DCF)

– depends on isotope, 0,45•10-8 .. 350•10-8 Sv/Bq – more general 2,2•10-8 Sv/Bq

  • superposition of different sources

H =∑ DCFi⋅ Ai

∣ ∣xS−xi∣ ∣

2

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SLIDE 11

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

11/16

Fire-Fighting

  • objective:

– locate fire source – attack fire (extinguish)

  • apply fire physics (combustion triangle)

– extinction by cooling

  • visual representation

– simple: 2D texture on bill-board

  • sophisticated: multi particle system

– 2D might by sufficient in areas full of smoke

  • smoke

– visibility depends on the height above ground (the lower the better) – simple model: linear smoke density (0..100 %), ~ (1.0-height/hs)

  • assume “standard” height hs=1.80 m
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SLIDE 12

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

12/16

Fire-Fighting – Simple Combustion Model

  • fire physics

– complex model (dynamic process of compressible gas)

  • NIST FDS – Fire Dynamics Simulator

– large computing times (10 min, app. 8 h processor time on two cores) – simplification:

  • heat release rate
  • mass loss rate
  • simple energetic approach

˙ qF= ˙ m⋅ H c

QFt =∫

t

˙ qFdt=∫

t

˙ m⋅ H c dt

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SLIDE 13

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

13/16

Fire-Fighting – Simple Extinguishing Model

  • extinction by cooling
  • model trajectory of extinguishing agent

– attack angle, pressure (velocity), form of beam (air resistance)

  • amount of agent effective on fire source

– volume stream: IL(t); take foam expansion rate into account – SF(t): ratio between overlapping area (AFL) by target area (AL) – constant effectiveness (e.g. depends on drop size): SL – heat capacity+evaporation heat of agent: CL (water: 2,6 MJ/kg)

Q=Q F−Q L=Q F t−∫

t

˙ qL dt−Q CTR

˙ qLt =C L⋅S Lt  ⋅SFt ⋅I Lt;SFt = AFL AL

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SLIDE 14

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

14/16

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SLIDE 15

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

15/16

Pros and Cons of Virtual Training

  • advantages

– cost efficient – usable any time, no complex preparation necessary – safe – replay, immediate correction of faults possible

  • disadvantages

– realistic models are complex and not easy to develop – different effects can not be represented properly

  • temperature, shock waves, ...
  • nowadays used for: training of mission control and tactics

– LFS Hamburg, LFS Celle, FKS Rheinland-Pfalz, FS Kärnten, BF Frankfurt, BF Berlin, BF Hamburg – Virtual Fires (tunnel fire simulation) – Pompiers de Paris - WearIT@Work

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SLIDE 16

Informationtechnology FZD & Campus Fire Brigade  N. Schmeißer  http://www.fzd.de/wfw/firesim  7.9.2010

Campus Fire Brigade

FireSim – A Virtual Firefighting Simulator

16/16

Outlook

  • integration of NIST FDS
  • improved rendering

– switching to standard render-engines like Ogre

  • extensions

– shielding effect with radiation protection missions – autonomous person

  • other standard missions

– device handling (pumps, ...) – car crashes

  • other virtual devices
  • roll-out