Enhancing Climate Resilient Livelihood Background Population Need - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Enhancing Climate Resilient Livelihood

Causes of Climate Change

• Deforestation
• Industrialization
• Urbanization
• GHG & fossil fuel
• Radiation
• Particulate matters

Impact of Climate Change

• Flooding
• Salinity in coastal area
• Cyclone
• Drought
• Crop yield loss
• Loss of biodiversity & adaption
• Ozone depletion
• Fresh water decline
• Alter precipitation
• Land degradation
• Alter ecosystem
• Population migration

Need Population 185 million

• f BD in

2030

Hamper

Climate Change

Background

Causes of Increase Salinity Intrusion in Coastal Belt of Bangladesh

Location of the country Sedimentation Sea level rise Cyclone and storm surge Tidal flooding Changes in ground water flow Shrimp cultivation Weak structure of embankment Poor maintenance High evapo-transpiration No scope to flush out of accumulated salts No/less use of organic soil amendments Use of imbalanced fertilizers and pesticides Saline area 20% of the total area and almost 30% of net cultivable area, BD.

Less amount of cattle due to unavailability of forage crops Accompany of poverty and malnutrition Migration to city

Drought (Dec, 15)

Salt Existing Scenario of Agriculture of Koyra and Shyamnagar

Agricultural fields- Moderately to highly saline Shrimp cultivation Mono-cropped area (T-aman, kharif 2 season) Rabi season (wheat, maize) Fallow in kharif 1 season Salinity & drought are high during kharif 1 season High scarcity of irrigation water No/less use of organic matter Lack of modern technologies for crop production Loss of crops yield

Cropping Season Existing Crops Kharif 1 season: Drier and hotter (Mid March to mid June)

Fallow

Kharif 2 season: Drier, hotter , rainy (Mid June to mid October) T-aman (Local, HYV, Hybrid)

So, single cropped, T- aman, resulting in scarcity of food, nutrition, medication etc.

Present Cropping Pattern

Rabi season: Drier and cooler (Mid October to mid March) Wheat, Maize (Small area)

Common Techniques to Grow Crops during Kharif 1 and Rabi season

• a. Suitable Crop Varieties

Mung bean Maize Kharif 1 Jute Indian spinach Swamp cabbage Pumpkin Mustard Rabi Barley Potato Sunflower

• b. Soil organic & inorganic amendments

Cowdung Poultry manure Compost Green manure Vermicompost Fertilizers Calcium Potassium Nitrogen Minerals Zeolite

• c. Plant bio-regulators

Gibberellic acid Auxin Salicylic acid Jasmonic acid Cytokinin

• To introduce salt tolerant varieties during kharif 1

and Rabi season with changing climate.

• To improve the livelihood of poor people living in

coastal area by increasing cropping intensity through new crop varieties.

Objectives

Materials and Methdos Team is formed by consultants and researchers Site Selection:

• Ramjannagar, Shyamanagar
• Maheshwaripur, Koyra

 During site selection we consulted with

• Upazilla Chairman
• Upazilla Nirbahi Officer
• Upazilla Agriculture Officer
• Sub Assistant Agriculture Officer
• Union Parishad Chairman/Councilor/Local Leader

Materials and Methdos

Crops Selection

• Short duration
• High yielding
• Saline & drought

tolerant Plots Selection/Utilities

• Beside the road
• Close to water source
• Avoid wet soil
• Land area assessment
• Discuss with officials of

IRB Farmers selection

• Interest to innovative adaptation
• Education
• Experience
• Age
• Knowledge and Skills

Farmers Field Laboratory Crops (Kharif 1)

Name of Crop Type of Crop Yield (t/ha) Treated Plot Yield (t/ha) Non-Treated Plot Swamp cabbage (Local) Leafy vegetable 41.5 16.6 Indian spinach (Local) Leafy vegetable 53.2 15.8 Mungbean (BARI Mungbean 5) Pulse crop 1.36 0.52 Maize (Hybrid) Cereal 4.20 1.12 Jute (Deshi) Fibre 2.17 0.68

Name of Crop FFL Yield Expected highest Yield National Average Yield Percentage Increased Pumpkin 30.0 35 20 50% Mustard 0.95 1.5 0.89 6.74% Barely 2.5 2.2 1.87 33.69 % Potato 20.0 25.0 10.0 100% Sunflower 1.5 1.7 1.0 50 %

Farmers Field Laboratory Crops (Rabi)

On Farm Activities for Climate Resilience

• Under Farmers Field Laboratory several climate

adaptive crops were trailed by 101 farmers and found 82% have been successful.

• Many a household started practicing bag or sack

gardening and sold their produced vegetables at local market.

• Male and female headed household involved in

homestead gardening and succeeded to have their daily meals triply.

Findings

• After involvement with Farmers Field Laboratory (FFL)

About 70% beneficiary has taken family farming as their major occupation; among them 53.4% are females

• Cropping intensity increased from single to mono-

cropping due to cultivation of successful kharif 1 and Rabi crops (Swamp cabbage, Indian spinach, Mungbean, Pumpkin, Barley, Potato) trailed under FFL which ultimately improves their livelihood.

Cont’d

• The successful crops are scaled up at similar

ecological zones in collaboration with BARI, local extension service provider.

• Beneficiaries showed very interest on continuing

the homestead vegetable gardening, among them 85% produced some species of vegetable and improved their nutritional status.

• Total 330 households practiced bag gardening in

the study areas and produced chili, tomato, eggplant, spinach in the sacks.

Messages

• In coastal area Swamp cabbage, Indian spinach, Mungbean,

Maize, Jute are found suitable to face climatic variability such as soil salinity, high temperature and water scarcity and these successful varieties need to be replicated and scaled up.

• Pumpkin, Mustard, Barley, Potato, Sunflower are considered

as rabi season crops in the saline prone area of Satkhira and Khulna district.

• In considering sustainability, scope of institutionalizing FFL

approach, strengthening collaboration and harmonization with extension service interventions need to be explored.

Th Than ank k Yo You