Climate Resilient Rural Development in Pursuance of Mahatma Gandhi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Climate Resilient Rural Development

in Pursuance of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

(MGNREGS)

MGNREGS

The World Largest Rural Employment Livelihood Generation Programme

About MG NREGS

 Came into force as a program on 5th September 2005  Shared responsibility between government at Centre and State  Implemented in a phased manner.  Phase-I (2006-2007): in 200 most backward districts of the country  Phase II (2007-2008): 130 more districts added  Phase III (from April 1, 2008): All remaining rural districts of India

Salient features of the Act

Rights based approach Universal guarantee; Demand-driven Decentralized planning & implementation Prime role for Village Administration; dedicated cadre for implementation Quality works and asset management Technical support for quality asset creation; User group development Natural Resource Management GIS based integrated planning approach and NRM based livelihoods. Convergence for comprehensive benefits

With other rural development programmes for better housing, sanitation, irrigation facilities etc.

Monitoring, Transparency & Accountability

Proactive disclosure through Social Audits, Geo-tagging of assets, Management Information System etc.

MG NREGA Total Coverage across country

• 1. District Covered : 685
• 2. Blocks covered : 6,863
• 3. Village councils covered

(Gram Panchayats) : 2,62,840

• 126 million registered households covering 250

million people across 685 districts. Largest wage work programme in the world.

Highlights

Budget

• utlay
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• Rs. 55,000 cr for 2018-19 alone.

Highest budget allocation for a rural development programme in India. Expenditure since inception until 2018 (so far) is Rs. 4,28,400 cr. Women form 53 percent of the workforce. 96 percent of wages paid through digitized direct beneficiary transfer mechanisms. MGNREGA includes 260 permissible works - 181 works are focussed on Natural Resource Management, of which 84 are exclusively related to water. 65 percent of expenditure on NRM related works.

32.1 million assets of the 36 million assets created have been geo-tagged (so far).

‘Mission Water Conservation’ launched by Government of India in 2016 to provide special focus to water stressed and irrigation deprived regions.

Women Participation

• 1. Rights Based Approach

 Right to a MGNREGA Job Card – Any rural household who is willing to do unskilled manual work can apply for a Job Card at the Gram Panchayat (local Government), and needs to be provided one within 15 days.  Right to demand work - up to 100 days in a year.  Right to employment - within 15 days of application. Unemployment allowance from Day 16.  Right to wages – to receive notified wage rate and within 15 days. Delayed compensation from Day 16.  Right to obtain work within 5 km radius of his/her residence. Mandated for 1/3rd women participation; priority inclusion, work allocation for Scheduled Caste/ Scheduled Tribe, Persons With Disability, elderly, primitive tribes etc.

• 2. Decentralised planning & implementation

 All activities including job card application, demand and allocation of work, primary payment processing etc. happens at the Gram Panchayat (Local Government) level.  The Gram Sabha (Village council) including the community, elected representatives and

• fficials of the Gram Panchayat approves the annual Labour Budget and recommends works

for MGNREGA.  Decentralised administration with defined roles:  Mates at every MGNREGA worksite for supervision, and ensuring worksite facilities such as drinking water, shed, crèche, first aid etc.  Programme Officer at the Block level  District Programme Coordinator  MGNREGA Cell at State Government  Programme Division at Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India

• 3. Quality works and asset management

 Focus on creation of rural infrastructure for sustainable livelihoods, and enhancing the living conditions in rural areas.  60:40 wage and material ratio is maintained for works. No contractors or machinery allowed  Technical cadre on ground for ensuring creation of durable assets: Technical Assistants, Barefoot Technicians, Engineers at Gram Panchayat/ cluster/ Block level.  Maintenance of case-record files at every work site including the work estimates, sanctions and worker details.  Creation of user groups and management committees at asset/ community level for continued maintenance and management of assets.

260 permissible works under 4 categories

Category A: Public works relating to NRM Category B: Individual assets for vulnerable sections

Category C: Common Infrastructure For NRLM (National Rural Livelihood Mission) Compliant Self Help Groups

Category D: Rural Infrastructure

• 4. Enhanced focus on Natural Resource Management (NRM)

 60% expenditure on NRM  Out of 260 permissible works, 181 works relate to NRM; 81 are exclusively on water.  Mission Water Conservation launched in 2016 mandates 65% expenditure on water related works in 2129 water stressed Blocks.  Water conservation for water management and drought mitigation: farm ponds, check dams, ground water recharge, farm ponds, percolation tanks, artificial recharge of wells through sand filters etc.

Enhancing MGNREGA’s Potential to Deliver Resilience by Integrating Climate Change

 Infrastructure under MGNREGA leads to:  Irrigation, groundwater recharge, farm production and carbon sequestration  Alleviating poverty, reducing the vulnerability of poor families and building resilience of household and local economy to climate change.  Improvement in durability and productivity of assets  Resilience of infrastructure to flooding and droughts  Design and maintenance in climate change risks.  Productive benefits of infrastructure.  Technical capacity of local implementation agencies

MGNREGA included in India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under Paris Agreement as one of the adaptation schemes.

Water Conservation Pond at Village Ramsiej, Block Mawthadraishan, District W. Khasi Hills, Meghalaya

Water Conservation Pond (Johar) at Dilman GP, Sirmour District Himachal Pradesh

Check Dam Rajasthan

Multi-arch Check Dam Karnataka

Check Dam at Village Bakartala, G.P. Panto, Block Jashipur, District Mayurbhanj, Odisha

Irrigation channel Arunachal Pradesh

Irrigation canal (locally known as KUHAL) Nahan Gram Panchayat, Sirmour District, Himachal Pradesh

Water channel District West Sikkim, Sikkim

Irrigation well under Kapildhara in Betul, Madhya Pradesh

• Optimize Utilization of Resources
• Sound Decision Making
• Holistic GP Planning

GIS DESIGN PLAN EVOLUTION Geographical Information System (GIS) Based Planning

GIS assisted integrated NRM planning

 A robust tool developed on watershed principles, and is currently based on six thematic profiles of an area: topography, geomorphology, land use land cover patter, drainage system, contours and lineaments.  Currently used at the Local Government level.  Supports well-informed decision making through correlating spatial and non-spatial information.  Helps to determine the areas where MGNREGS works need to be implemented on priority.  Saves cost and time, as holistic information is available on a laptop with internet connection on real-time basis.

Rajouri, J & K Una, H & P Dehradun, Uttrakhand Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab Rae Bareli, Uttar Pradesh Sirohi, Rajasthan Narmada, Rajpola, Gujarat Ujjain, MP Gaya, Bihar East District, Sikkim Papumpare, Arunachal Pradesh Lakhimpur Assam Kohima, Nagaland Imphal Manipur East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya Aizawal, Mizoram West Tripura, Tripura Hoogly, West Bengal Khurda, Odisha Bastar, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh Nagpur , Maharashtra Nalgonda, Telangana Mathura UP Anathpuram, Andhra Pradesh Chikkaballapura Karnataka Chikkaballapura Karnataka Varanasi UP Pallakad, Kerala Ranchi, Jharkhand

30 GIS Facility Centre’s to be Established in FY 2018-19 Under MGNREGS

• 5. Convergence for comprehensive benefits

Convergence with other rural development programmes for better housing, sanitation, irrigation facilities etc.  Prime Minister’s Irrigation Programme (PMKSY), Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP), Command Area Development & Water Management (CAD&WM) for supporting agriculture;  Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) for housing;  Swacchh Bharat Mission for sanitation;  Ministry of Water Resources for artificial recharge  Ministry of Textile for sericulture  Ministry of Commerce for rubber plantation

• 6. Transparency and Accountability

 Regular conduct of Social Audit Gram Sabha (local council), and proactive disclosure of all MGNREGA works related information.  www.nrega.nic.in Digitialized Management Information System with modules for every function including fund management, labour budget, staffing, work progress etc.  Every MGNREGA worksite has a Citizen Information Board publicly displaying all details of the work, estimated and actual costs, labour: material ratio etc.  A set of 7 registers maintained at every Gram Panchayat including details of all workers, works undertaken etc.  Grievance Redressal System and toll-free helpline numbers activated at State level.

Geo-tagging Assets

Every MGNREGA asset is tagged along with basic information and made available to public through www.nrega.nic.in.

SAKSHAM: Technical Personnel SECURE: Technical Personnel GeoMGNREGA: Block and GP Personnel Social Audit: Resource persons & women SHG members BFT: MGNREGA Beneficiary

Capacity Building

 SAKSHAM capacity building programme has been launched to train technical resource persons on INRM planning and use of geo-information for planning.  Bare Foot Technicians (BFT): The Ministry has initiated BFT Project, wherein a youth from the MGNREGA worker household/ Mate/ Supervisor are identified and provided 90 days of technical training on basic civil engineering concepts.  4-day residential Social Audit SHG-VRP Training Program: The objective of the SHG-VRP training programme is to create a community cadre of SHG members for effective conduct of social audits at the Gram Panchayat level as Village Resource Persons.  SECURE: For standardizing the process of preparing appropriate work estimates based on the prevailing SOR, a software “SECURE” has been developed and field functionaries are being trained to make use of the software.

Capacity Building

Bare Foot technicians during their field class

Bare Foot technicians during their field class

Bare Foot technicians during their field class - Manipur

Saksham BTRT Training ODISHA

Social Audit VRP Training TAMIL NADU

Way Ahead

 Integrating MG NREGS and agriculture for doubling farmer’s income by 2022.  Enhancing Climate Resilience through MG NREGS under a co-benefits approach.  Improving Ground Water Management And Recharge in water-stressed areas.  River Rejuvenation & Rural Haats

THANK YOU!