Electric Shock Electric Shock Drowning Drowning Drowning - - PDF document

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Electric Shock Electric Shock Drowning Drowning

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Drowning Drowning

—

A Silent Killer A Silent Killer

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Thanks to the Wisconsin Marine Thanks to the Wisconsin Marine Association for the invitation to Association for the invitation to present today present today

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Edward Edward "Ed"

"Ed" Lethert

Lethert

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning Safety Specialist Safety Specialist

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Member of the Member of the Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning Prevention Association Prevention Association

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Lake Minnetonka Boater Lake Minnetonka Boater

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Member of the U S Power Squadrons and Member of the U S Power Squadrons and the Minnetonka the Minnetonka Power Squadron Power Squadron

Mtka Mtka PS PS has won the has won the 2016 2016 Boat U.S. National Boat U.S. National Civic Distinguished Service Award Civic Distinguished Service Award

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

District 10 Electric Shock Drowning District 10 Electric Shock Drowning Awareness Initiative for 2016 Awareness Initiative for 2016

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Awareness Initiative for 2016 Awareness Initiative for 2016

Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan UP Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan UP Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Questions and comments Questions and comments always welcome always welcome Available after presentation to Available after presentation to

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Available after presentation to Available after presentation to address additional address additional questions questions Available on web site Available on web site

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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James D. Shafer James D. Shafer

Acredited Acredited Marine Surveyor Marine Surveyor

Began investigating Began investigating marine leakage marine leakage currents currents in in 1999 1999 Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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IAEI NEWS July-August 2007

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

USCG / ABYC – October 2008

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

FPRC Foundation - November 2014 FPRC Foundation - October 2015

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Boating Magazine - May 2013

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

ESD is getting a lot more attention in both ESD is getting a lot more attention in both television and print media television and print media

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WCCO WCCO-

• TV CH 4, 10 PM News, June

TV CH 4, 10 PM News, June 28, 2016 28, 2016 UK Daily Mail, UK Daily Mail, May 21, 2016 May 21, 2016

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Lost to ESD Lost to ESD

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Lost to ESD Lost to ESD

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Marcus Colburn, age 21, died on Father’s Day,

June 21, 2015 as a result of ESD

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

March 27, 2016 Electric shock in pool kills man, injures 5 kids A f th i d d d hi d ht

Lost to ESD Lost to ESD

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A father is dead and his daughter is hospitalized in critical condition after suffering an electric shock in a Palm Springs swimming pool on Easter Sunday Four others were treated and released and a fifth remains hospitalized in stable condition

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

April 16, 2016 Carmen Johnson 15-year-old girl drowns at Smith Lake, Alabama

Lost to ESD Lost to ESD

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Coroner: Electrocution may have caused Priceville cheerleader's drowning, along with a 2nd injury and 2 more near-deaths Family members had earlier reported feeling tingling sensations in the water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

June 17, 2016

Donna Berger 53-year-old mom dies while rescuing her son at Lake Chickamauga, Tennessee

Lost to ESD Lost to ESD

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Chickamauga, Tennessee Randy Freeney 74-year-old man dies while helping mom who was rescuing her son at Lake Chickamauga , Tennessee

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

July 21, 2016 Dakota Watkins 24-year-old man dies while working on

Lost to ESD Lost to ESD

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boathouse electrical wiring at Harveys Lake, Pennsylvania

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

September 3, 2016 Rachel Rosoff 17-year-old lifeguard drowns in North Carolina

Lost to ESD Lost to ESD

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swimming pool Fault in pump motor and broken ground connection resulted in death. Person attempting rescue reported feeling tingling sensations when trying to enter the water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

ESD "Near Misses" ESD "Near Misses" − May 2016

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

ESD ESD Incidents Incidents

84 Known Incidents and 49 "Near miss" Incidents

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49 Near miss Incidents as of 02-02-17 Approximately 50% dock wiring issues and 50% boat wiring issues Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

It is believed that the actual number of ESD fatalities is much higher than reported or documented, possibly hundreds more

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Paralysis resulting from small electric currents passing through the body is generally not recognizable post-mortem as the cause of a drowning

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Water and Electricity Water and Electricity

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A Dangerous Mix A Dangerous Mix

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Shore Power

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Boat Lifts

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Fountains

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Lighting

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Aerators

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"Weed Eaters"

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Use of electric power at docks

• n lakes and rivers has

increased exponentially in recent years. And yet…

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Few are even remotely aware of Electric Shock Drowning… Say WHAT?

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

… or the need for important precautions Question to Lakeshore Property Owner: "Is the circuit that powers your electrically operated boat lift protected

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y p p by a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter?" Response: "I have no idea."

The NEC has required GFCI protection outdoors since 1971, in boathouses since 1987, and for boat hoists since 2005 Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Cultural Wall in the Brain Cultural Wall in the Brain Water + Electricity Water + Electricity

Indoors? Indoors? Be Safe! Be Safe! Outdoors Outdoors? ?

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What is What is ESD? ESD?

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What is What is ESD? ESD?

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

ESD is a unique form of drowning caused by the presence of AC electrical currents in freshwater lakes, rivers, pools, ponds…

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The current can flow through the body of a living being immersed in the electrically charged water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

The current, where sufficiently intense, can paralyze the body's skeletal muscles, inhibiting the ability to swim or move one's limbs (i e electrically induced cramp)

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limbs (i.e. electrically induced cramp) The outcome in many cases is the drowning death of an otherwise healthy individual

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Depending on the magnitude, thru- the-body AC currents can:

• 1. Paralyze skeletal muscles
• 2. Cause respiratory paralysis

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• 2. Cause respiratory paralysis

(shut down the lungs)

• 3. Initiate ventricular fibrillation
• 4. Cause full cardiac arrest

(electrocution)

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

A victim in electrically charged water …

• May become partially or totally disabled
• May or may not call for help
• May or may not remain conscious

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• May or may not remain conscious
• May or may not remain on the surface
• May make situation worse while seeking a

'safe haven' by moving toward the source

• f the current, rather than away, from it

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

"The Electric Shock Drowning

• f Samantha Chipley"

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Article by Attorney B. Clark Batten II

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Electric Shock Drowning is not the same as death by electrocution, which usually results from direct contact with energized metal objects or surfaces

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In-water electrocutions are included in ESDPA statistics because they are the result of the same set of electrical conditions that cause an ESD fatality

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Medical research has determined that an AC current of just 10 mA passing through the human body is sufficient to cause

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the human body is sufficient to cause muscular paralysis and is considered by the ESDPA as the threshold for a possible ESD incident

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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A 60 watt, 120 volt incandescent light bulb draws 500 milliamperes of current… 50 times more than the 10 mA that can paralyze an individual in the water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

In-Water Through- Leakage Body Current Current ESD is a Fresh Water Phenomenon

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Salt Water 6 Amps 1.1 mA Fresh Water 0.3 Amps 23.8 mA

1/20th the leakage current ― 20 times the body current

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What about pets and other critters?

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Animals are not immune to the effects of these in-water currents ESD has claimed family pets that have entered electrically charged waters

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y g

and

Family members have fallen victim to ESD when they enter the water in an attempt to rescue the pet

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A Terrible ESD Tragedy in 2012

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Blackfoot, Idaho Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

A Terrible ESD Tragedy

Friday Aug 31, 2012 Track coach [woman], two men [one a relative], one dog [family pet] electrocuted in Idaho irrigation canal Another family member attempting a rescue was shocked

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but survived Police say: "The electrified canal could have killed more" They [canal experts] say it is virtually impossible to know if water is electrified by sight or sound Idaho Power shut off the power in the area so rescuers could recover the bodies

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Is ESD a Is ESD a Growing Growing

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Growing Growing Problem? Problem?

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

• Increase in the use of electrically
• perated equipment in and around

recreational and non-recreational waters

• Increase in Do-It-Yourself electrical work

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Increase in Do It Yourself electrical work by unqualified and untrained individuals

• Use of non-approved materials, wiring

methods and equipment on docks and boats

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

This connector was miswired by a boat

• wner and resulted in the ESD death of

both his wife and daughter

L2 (HOT)

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Ground "GR"

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Speaks (Badly) for Itself

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

• Lack of electrical inspections

[ initial and recurring ]

• Lack of monitoring for dangerous

diti i d d th t

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conditions in and around the water

• Vessels connected to shore power

without basic checks to verify correct wiring

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

• Postponing of repairs due to cost or

availability of downtime (docks, boats, etc.) L k f d t di f

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• Lack of awareness or understanding of

the danger by the general public

• Less caution exercised by the general

public

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

What Creates the What Creates the Shock Hazard Shock Hazard

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Shock Hazard Shock Hazard Condition? Condition?

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

In-the-water shock hazards

• may already exist
• can occur suddenly
• can continue indefinitely

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y without any indication or warning wherever shore-powered AC electrical equipment is located in, on, over, or near the water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

The ESD condition in marinas can be caused by faulty equipment or wiring in or

• n …
• The marina/dock electrical system

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• The marina/dock electrical system
• One or more boats' electrical systems
• Electrically operated boat lifts, lighting,

etc.

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Similar conditions can exist or occur at private docks where electric equipment and wiring are installed and faults exist

• The dock electrical system

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• The dock electrical system
• Boat lifts, lights, receptacles,

extension cords, etc.

• Electrics at neighboring dock(s)

61

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Two things must occur in order to

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produce dangerous levels of electrical current in the water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

1st — there must be some form of

electrical fault (hot to ground) at some point in the AC system or AC powered equipment (on the dock or on a boat)

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equipment (on the dock or on a boat)

2nd — There has to be a failure of the

equipment grounding conductor or path

(on the dock or on a boat)

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

High level fault currents will flow back th h th f t d d t if

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through the safety ground conductor — if present — and trip the circuit breaker Low level fault currents will flow back through the safety ground conductor but will NOT trip the circuit breaker

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning AC Grnd Bus

Dock Xfmr Dock Shore Power Outlet Boat Shore Power Inlet

Fault

L1 N Shore Cord Boat

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AC Grnd Bus DC Neg Bus Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning AC Grnd Bus

Dock Xfmr Dock Shore Power Outlet Boat Shore Power Inlet

L1 N Shore Cord Boat

Fault

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AC Grnd Bus DC Neg Bus Harmless in-water current

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

An ESD condition in the water is caused, in part, by an electrical fault current that is too small to trip the circuit breaker This is referred to as an 'undetected' fault

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An undetected fault can continue for long periods of time, even indefinitely

[ unless GFCI or ELCI protection is installed ]

There are many possible fault scenarios

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

When a fault exists and the safety ground is missing or ineffective, the only fault current path is through water

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Dangerous levels of alternating current could now be flowing in the water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning AC Grnd Bus

Dock Xfmr Dock Shore Power Outlet Boat Shore Power Inlet

L1 N Shore Cord Boat

No Ground Fault

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AC Grnd Bus DC Neg Bus Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning No Ground AC Grnd Bus

Dock Xfmr Dock Shore Power Outlet Boat Shore Power Inlet

L1 N Shore Cord Boat Fault

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AC Grnd Bus DC Neg Bus No Bond Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning No Ground Motor Frame

Panel Board Shore Power Outlet Dock Power Outlet

L1 N Power Cord Boat Lift Motor Fault

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No Bond

71

Motor Frame Lift Frame Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning AC Grnd Bus

Dock Xfmr Dock Shore Power Outlet Boat Shore Power Inlet

L1 N Shore Cord Boat

No Ground

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AC Grnd Bus DC Neg Bus

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning Motor Frame

Panel Board Shore Power Outlet Dock Power Outlet

L1 N Power Cord Boat Lift Motor

No Ground

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Motor Frame Lift Frame Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

A person finding themselves in such waters may experience a dangerous AC current passing through their body If this current through the body is high

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If this current through the body is high enough—10 or more milliamps—paralysis

• r worse is possible, even likely

The result is often the inability to remain afloat, followed by drowning

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

On-board generators and inverters, as a general case, do not create an ESD hazard h th b t i

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when the boat is

• perating on the water and is not

connected to a shore-based grounded electrical supply or other off-boat systems

• r equipment

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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There are exceptions — such as a boat sharing AC electrical power with another boat while rafting or beached

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Direct Current (DC) is generally not a concern, although it can be a fire or burn hazard under certain conditions The primary electrical systems aboard boats are typically 12 or 24 volts DC

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yp y It takes from 2 to 5 times as much DC to cause the same bodily effect as the equivalent AC The heart is far more susceptible to disruption or injury by AC than by DC

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Charles F. Dalziel, Deleterious Effects of Electric Shock

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Battery Powered Boat Lift w/ Solar Charger

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Battery Powered Dock Lights w/ Solar Chargers

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Signs That There Is Signs That There Is

• r Could Be
• r Could Be

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— or Could Be

• r Could Be —

— A Serious Problem A Serious Problem

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Electrical safety goals must include Enforceable safety standards Quality and skilled workmanship Inspection by competent authority  E  Q  I

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p y p y Recurring inspection Continuous monitoring Routine testing and maintenance EDUCATION OF THE PUBLIC  R  C  R  E

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Awareness Awareness

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning Prevention Association Prevention Association

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Awareness Awareness Prevention Prevention

Founded on July 15th 2011 Founded on July 15th 2011

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Education Education

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning Prevention Association Prevention Association

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Education Education Mitigation Mitigation

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Proactive EDUCATION includes

• Warning signs
• Informational brochures
• Safety guidelines

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y g

• Emergency response protocols
• Marina staff training
• Marina customer education
• Education of the general public

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

NO SWIMMING OFF OF BOATS OR

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Minnetonka Power Squadron Island Facility, Lake Minnetonka

OR DOCKS

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Tonka Bay Marina, Lake Minnetonka Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Harbor Cove Marina, Duluth, MN

03/25/2009

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Proactive MITIGATION is essential for

• those in the water unintentionally
• the uninformed
• the misinformed

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the misinformed

• the disbelieving
• those careless regarding their well-

being and the well-being of others

• trespassers

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

FPRC Foundation - January 2017

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

A Terrible ESD Tragedy in 2012

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

National National Electrical Electrical

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Electrical Electrical Code Code

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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ABYC E-11 NFPA 70 — NEC

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Marina Power Shore Cord

NFPA 302 NFPA 303

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Ground fault protection for marinas, thus for shore power service to boats, was added to the 2011 National Electrical Code

MAIN FEEDER BRANCH

(Pedestal)

… or … … or …

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555.3 Ground-Fault Protection. The main overcurrent protective device that feeds the marina shall have ground- fault protection not exceeding 100 mA. Ground-fault protection of each individual branch or feeder circuit shall be permitted as a suitable alternative.

100 mA 100 mA 100 mA

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

2017 National Electrical Code

1

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2 3

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Docks for one-family, two-family, and multifamily dwellings are now subject to Article 555.

1

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Docks for one-family, two-family, and multifamily dwellings were exempted from Article 555 by the 2002 NEC Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Ground-fault protection not exceeding 30 mA required at all circuit breakers [ except for those circuits that are limited to 5 mA ]

2

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

MAIN FEEDER BRANCH

(Pedestal)

… or … … or … MAIN FEEDER BRANCH

(Pedestal)

… and … … and …

Ground-fault protection not exceeding 30 mA required at all circuit breakers

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555.3 Ground-Fault Protection. The overcurrent protective devices that supply the marina, boatyards, and commercial and noncommercial docking facilities shall have ground-fault protection not exceeding 30 mA. Ground-fault protection of each individual branch or feeder circuit shall be permitted as a suitable alternative.

30 mA 30 mA 30 mA

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Alternative ground fault protection for marinas, thus for shore power service to boats, does not comply with the 2017 National Electrical Code

MAIN FEEDER BRANCH

(Pedestal) G‐F MON G‐F MON

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Feeds Multiple Outlets

FEEDER BRANCH

(Pedestal)

30 mA

MAIN

Adjustable

G‐F MON Feeds Single Outlet

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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i

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Warning Signs required stating

"WARNING - POTENTIAL SHOCK HAZARD - ELECTRICAL CURRENTS MAY BE PRESENT IN THE WATER."

3

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Stricter requirements have been or are being enacted in some states

• West Virginia
• Tennesee

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• Tennesee
• Kentucky
• Missouri
• Arkansas

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Testing for ESD Testing for ESD

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Testing for ESD Testing for ESD

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

There are electrical tests that can be performed on a regular basis to:

• Identify and evaluate existing conditions

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Identify and evaluate existing conditions

• Identify actions required to reduce or

minimize (but not necessarily eliminate) the risk of in-water shock hazards

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

These tests requires specialized testing equipment and training

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Ground Ground-

• Fault

Fault

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Protection Protection

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

On-Boat ELCI (30 mA Trip)

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Required on boats built after 12-31-2012

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Ground fault (GFCI) protection required for h i t b t ith d ti

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shore power service to boats with adoption

• f the 2011 National Electrical Code

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

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Ground Fault Protection in Pedestals

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Ground-fault (GFCI) protection required for 125V, 15 and 20 amp receptacle outlets:

• Located Outdoors (1971) (Res)
• Boat Houses (1987) (Res)

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( ) ( )

• Boat Hoists – incl hardwired (2005) (Res)
• Marinas and boatyards (2002)

The standard for GFCIs require monthly testing

• f GFCI receptacles and GFCI circuit breakers

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Ground Fault Protection

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Class A GFCI Breaker (5 mA Trip)

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Ground Fault Protection

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Class A GFCI Receptacle (5 mA Trip)

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

In-Line ELCI

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(30 mA Trip)

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

When Is It " When Is It "Safe Safe" to " to

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Go Into the Water? Go Into the Water?

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

'Safe' is defined in Noah Webster's 1828 Dictionary as

• 1. Free from danger of any kind

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g y

• 2. Free from hurt, injury or damage
• 5. Placed beyond the power of doing

harm

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

The term "safe" to enter the water can be misleading and should never be used in the context of water safety where electric equipment and wiring are installed

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equipment and wiring are installed The phrase "degree of risk" would be more suitable and avoids any inference that absolute safety is assured

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When is the risk of ESD "very low"? The Electric Shock Drowning Prevention Association recommends maintaining a minimum distance of 150 feet from all AC l t i l i t d i i

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electrical equipment and wiring This separation should reduce the risk of an ESD accident to a very low level for any in-the-water recreational and non- recreational activities

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

150 feet

Electric Shock Drowning Prevention Association Electrical equipment

• r wiring

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Very Low Risk of ESD Accident

Conditions are always subject to change

134

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Risk increases as one approaches closer that 150 ft

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Known condition / Change always a possibility Very Low Risk Very High Risk

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10 feet

Electrical equipment

• r wiring

Electric Shock Drowning Prevention Association

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Very High Risk

• f ESD

Accident

Conditions are always subject to change

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July 4, 2014 Lake of the Ozarks, MO, 7 mile marker Several people were swimming at a private dock when they started feeling tingles. Turning off the power at the dock did not

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solve the problem. A contractor found an electrical short at an abandoned boat ramp about 100 yards away. The power was disconnected and the electricity [tingles] in the water ceased.

"Near Miss" Case No. 5

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Sutton Lake Marina, Sutton, WV

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It might be considered "low risk" to enter the water (for inspection, maintenance and repair purposes) where ALL nearby shore power and dock equipment is

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switched off, and locked off, at the power source This would include securing ALL nearby

• n-board generators and inverters

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A Recommendation A Recommendation

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A Recommendation A Recommendation

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

A Proposed Minimum Requirement All facilities, from the largest marina to the smallest residential dock, should have

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instructions posted in a conspicuous location that indicate where and how to disconnect the power to all equipment in,

• n, over, or near the water

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

A Proposed Minimum Requirement Marinas should have an emergency response plan and all staff should be familiarized with that plan and trained in

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familiarized with that plan and trained in proper response procedures Marinas should familiarize their customers with ESD hazards along with other items

• f importance

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

Responding to an ESD incident

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Responding to an ESD incident

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Remember & Remind:

In-the-water shock hazards can exist—or occur suddenly

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without notice or warning— wherever shore-powered AC electrical equipment is located in, on,

• ver, or near the water!

Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

The Cardinal Rule:

DO NOT enter the water in the vicinity of shore powered

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watercraft or equipment, for any reason — EVER! Stay at least 150 feet away from all electrical equipment and wiring !

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EPO Switch for Marinas and Docks?

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"That’s a great idea to have an emergency pushbutton at all docks with electricity, …

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Mike Holt, Electrical Trainer, Consultant, Author, Publisher Private communication – 05-30-2016 Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

"That’s a great idea to have an emergency pushbutton at all docks with electricity, better yet NO a/c power on any boat dock!"

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better yet, NO a/c power on any boat dock! "I would NEVER put ac power on my boat dock and I don’t have a pool light in my pool."

Mike Holt, Electrical trainer, Consultant, Author, Publisher Private communication – 05-30-2016

Recommended for private docks

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More Information More Information

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More Information More Information

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

www.electricshockdrowningmn.com

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Electric Shock Drowning Electric Shock Drowning

ELECTRIC SHOCK DROWNING PREVENTION ASSOCIATION www.electricshockdrowning.org

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Electric Shock Drowning Resource Center www.boatus.com/seaworthy/ESD.asp

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Questions ? Questions ?

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Questions ? Questions ?

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