ECE 421 Project 1, Group 3 HVDC Brian Beilstein, Robert Germick, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ece 421 project 1 group 3 hvdc
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ECE 421 Project 1, Group 3 HVDC Brian Beilstein, Robert Germick, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jul 20, 2023 381 likes •605 views

ECE 421 Project 1, Group 3 HVDC Brian Beilstein, Robert Germick, James Haney, Alexander Joss, Matt Murphy, Shutang You History and Basic Theory First HVDC link in Sweden Mercury Arc Rectifiers Silicon Thyristors Capacitor

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SLIDE 1

ECE 421 Project 1, Group 3 HVDC

Brian Beilstein, Robert Germick, James Haney, Alexander Joss, Matt Murphy, Shutang You

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SLIDE 2

History and Basic Theory

  • First HVDC link in Sweden
  • Mercury Arc Rectifiers
  • Silicon Thyristors
  • Capacitor Commutated Converter (CCC)
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SLIDE 3

State-of-the-art Design and Products

  • DC Breaker

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Low impedance of HVDC system

■

Faster opening speed

■

Wider air gap

  • Thyristor valves

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Can be used to go from AC-DC or DC-AC

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Used in renewables

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SLIDE 4

Hybrid DC Breaker

  • Used to overcome issues of breaking DC
  • No zero-crossings with voltage as in AC
  • In the case of a fault
  • Load-commutating switch directs current to the main

breaker

  • Arrestor across the main breaker absorbs current
  • Ultra fast disconnector opens to isolate the LCS
  • Main breaker opens a number of IGBT bank

depending on whether interruption or limitation is required

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SLIDE 5

Hybrid DC Breaker Sequence of Events

http://www05.abb.com/global/scot/scot221.nsf/veritydisplay/22d1af449957bf28c1257d070046df97/$file/Technical%20Assessment%20of%20Load%20Commutation%20Switch_IPEC2014.pdf

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SLIDE 6

Thyristor Valve

  • Typically will use electronically triggered or

light triggered thyristors for control.

  • Thyristors are typically found in large stacks

and are water cooled

http://www05.abb.com/global/scot/scot221.nsf/veritydisplay/3c981b9078f55447c1256feb0022602a/$file/ett%20vs%20ltt.pdf
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SLIDE 7

Impacts - Benefits

  • Undersea cables
  • Useful in connecting remote areas/plants
  • End to end long haul bulk transmission
  • Reduced cost in…
  • Increasing capacitance of existing grid
  • Line cost - less wiring, conductors, and lower pylon profile
  • AC systems compatible
  • Transmission between unsynchronized AC systems
  • Stabilization of AC grid
  • Reduced corona losses
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SLIDE 8

Impacts - Concerns

  • Higher overall cost
  • Expensive inverter stations for connecting to AC grid
  • Requires filter and reactive power compensation units
  • Design and operational complexity
  • Short circuits in connect AC systems causes HVDC faults
  • Substation construction limit
  • Requires minimal capacity difference
  • Creates radio noise in communication lines
  • Current causes electro-corrosion of underground metal pipes
  • Difficult to ground preventing ‘step voltage’
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SLIDE 9

Challenges

  • Cost of HVDC components and availability
  • Conversion from AC to DC
  • Cost and losses in conversion may not be offset in

by the lower transmission losses and line construction.

  • Limited overload capacity
  • Complex control needed for Multi Terminal

Systems

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SLIDE 10

R&D Development

  • Offshore HVDC
  • Useful for offshore wind-farms
  • Need for projects with Higher DC voltage

and rating

  • Improvements in Converting to HVDC
  • Voltage Source Converters (VSC)
  • Multi Terminal HVDC systems
  • HVDC breakers
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SLIDE 11

Current Applications

North America Existing - 12 Projects Planned - 4 Projects Under Construction - 3 Europe Existing - 49 Projects Planned - 0 Projects Under Construction - 2

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SLIDE 12

Current Applications cont.

Asia Existing - 52 Projects Planned - 0 Projects Under Construction - 0

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SLIDE 13

Red - Existing Green - Under Construction Blue - Possible additions

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SLIDE 14

Specific Existing Projects

October 23, 2014 - Alstom announces €800 million in new contracts to build HVDC “Energy highways”. South Korea - HVDC Line Commutated Converter project India - ~800kV, 3000MW Ultra-high voltage DC connecting Champa to Kurukshetra

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SLIDE 15

Related Research

Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC System

HVDC-Station using Modular Multilevel Converter

SM SM SM

a) Half-Bridge Submodule (SM) b) Full-Bridge Submodule (SM)

Internal structure of typical submodules OR

Ref: Marquardt, R. "Modular Multilevel Converter: An universal concept for HVDC-Networks and extended DC-Bus-applications." Power Electronics Conference (IPEC), 2010 International. IEEE, 2010.

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SLIDE 16

Conventional VSC-HVDC converters

Three-level converter Two-level converter

Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HVDC_converter

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SLIDE 17

Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC System

Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HVDC_converter

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SLIDE 18

Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC System

Comparison of the arm currents of Two-Level Converter and the M2C Comparison of the AC-line voltages of Two-Level Converter and the M2C

Ref: Marquardt, R. "Modular Multilevel Converter: An universal concept for HVDC-Networks and extended DC-Bus-applications." Power Electronics Conference (IPEC), 2010 International. IEEE, 2010.

Two-Level Converter Modular Multilevel Converter Two-Level Converter Modular Multilevel Converter

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SLIDE 19

Ref: Marquardt, R. "Modular Multilevel Converter: An universal concept for HVDC-Networks and extended DC-Bus-applications." Power Electronics Conference (IPEC), 2010 International. IEEE, 2010.

Application of M2C in multi-terminal HVDC

A Multi-terminal HVDC Network with 3 branches

Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Failure current line-to-line fault

Clamp-Doule submodule

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SLIDE 20

Questions?