Coastal erosion - - problems and decisions by problems and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Daria Ryabchuk Daria Ryabchuk

Coastal erosion Coastal erosion -

• problems and decisions by

problems and decisions by ICZM tools for coastal zone of the Kurort ICZM tools for coastal zone of the Kurort District (northern coast Eastern Gulf of Finland) District (northern coast Eastern Gulf of Finland)

A.P.Karpinsky Research Geological Institute A.P.Karpinsky Research Geological Institute Department of Marine and Department of Marine and Environmental Geology Environmental Geology, , Saint Saint-

• Petersburg, RUSSIA

Petersburg, RUSSIA

Investigated area Investigated area

5 10 10 5 60 10 60 10 29 50 29 40 29 58.2 29 58.2 60 05 60 11.55 60 11.55 60 05 29 40 29 50

Komarovo Repino Solnechnoye Zelenogorsk c.Dubovskoy Sestroretsk

moraine erosional stable (with periodic erosion sand accumulative silty-clay accumulative

1 2 3 4

Types of coastal zone

• f sandy beach)

Map of coastal zone dynamics types

Diagram of the bottom surface relief (in front of Diagram of the bottom surface relief (in front of Solnechnoye village) Solnechnoye village)

1 – sands with gravel; 2 – sands with gravel and boulders; 3 – sands with boulders; 4 – unsorted sands; 5 – coarse to medium sands; 6 – medium to fine sands; 7 – fine sands; 8 – silty sands; 9 – clayey silts; 10 – silty-clay mud; 11 – technogenic sediments (dumping place); 12 – sand ridges; 13 – erosion valleys; 14 – technogenically transformed relief; 15 – fairways; 16 – crib-bars; 17 – areas of high accumulation; 18 – crib-bars, covered with sediments; 19 – sunken vessels

Map of the bottom sediments (near-shore of the Kurort District)

Map of the coastal Map of the coastal zone subtypes zone subtypes distribution distribution (Kurort District, (Kurort District, northern coastal zone northern coastal zone

• f the Gulf of Finland)
• f the Gulf of Finland)

Erosion zone Erosion zone

Stable coastal zone (with periodic erosion of sandy Stable coastal zone (with periodic erosion of sandy beach) beach)

Temporary sand accumulative bodies Temporary sand accumulative bodies

Beach (1) and former landing place (2) in Beach (1) and former landing place (2) in Zelenogorsk and erosional zone (3) to the east of it Zelenogorsk and erosional zone (3) to the east of it

1 2 3

Destroyed coast Destroyed coast-

• protecting structures

protecting structures

Erosion zone near highway Erosion zone near highway

Erosion zone near highway Erosion zone near highway

Sand accumulative coastal zone Sand accumulative coastal zone

Eutrophication zone in the Sestroretsk beach Eutrophication zone in the Sestroretsk beach

Erosion zone of cape Dubovskoy. Beginning of XX Erosion zone of cape Dubovskoy. Beginning of XX century century

Destroying of coast protecting structures (cape Destroying of coast protecting structures (cape Dubovskoy) Dubovskoy) 2000 2005

Crashed downstairs at cape Dubovskoy Crashed downstairs at cape Dubovskoy

CM2 Side CM2 Side-

• scan Sonar System (C

scan Sonar System (C-

• MAX Ltd)

MAX Ltd)

Acoustic frequency 102 kHz, range 150, 100, 50 or 25 meters

Bottom sediments sampling Bottom sediments sampling

Lauri-Niemisto corer Box-corer Samples of silty-clay mud

SOLUTIONS SOLUTIONS

Principles of sustainable activity in the coastal zone include: Principles of sustainable activity in the coastal zone include:

• Integrated approach to management of development of the coastal

Integrated approach to management of development of the coastal zone. It means, that any projects

• zone. It means, that any projects

here should be accompanied by the general estimation of influenc here should be accompanied by the general estimation of influence on the environment for e on the environment for

• bservance of interests of all branches, including environmental
• bservance of interests of all branches, including environmental management.

management.

• Preservation of untouched non

Preservation of untouched non-

• urban zones. If within the limits of the coastal zone still ther

urban zones. If within the limits of the coastal zone still there are the e are the sites which have been not touched by intensive development, it i sites which have been not touched by intensive development, it is necessary to aspire to their saving, s necessary to aspire to their saving, localized new projects of development in already mastered territ localized new projects of development in already mastered territories. Coastal landscapes have

• ries. Coastal landscapes have

independent value independent value. .

• Development of branches should be coordinated with the general c

Development of branches should be coordinated with the general condition of a concrete site of the

• ndition of a concrete site of the

coastal zone. For maintenance of ecological balance it is necess coastal zone. For maintenance of ecological balance it is necessary to aspire to removing from the ary to aspire to removing from the coastal zone of those kinds of activity which bring to it an irr coastal zone of those kinds of activity which bring to it an irreplaceable damage. eplaceable damage.

• At operation of resources of the coastal zone the user should ca

At operation of resources of the coastal zone the user should carry charges on indemnification of rry charges on indemnification of damage to these resources, including biological and landscape va damage to these resources, including biological and landscape variety expenses. riety expenses.

• At calculation of damage to an environment it should be consider

At calculation of damage to an environment it should be considered not only influence on a concrete ed not only influence on a concrete resource or a component of landscape, but also on an inhabitancy resource or a component of landscape, but also on an inhabitancy as a whole. as a whole.

• At each opportunity it is necessary to aspire to an artificial r

At each opportunity it is necessary to aspire to an artificial reconstruction of a biological or landscape econstruction of a biological or landscape variety, by means of reclamation the disturbed territories. variety, by means of reclamation the disturbed territories.

• At construction in coastal zones the clean materials which are n

At construction in coastal zones the clean materials which are not representing to danger to

• t representing to danger to

environment including marine or coastal ecosystems should be use environment including marine or coastal ecosystems should be used. d.

• Determination, evaluation, control and prognosis of natural and

Determination, evaluation, control and prognosis of natural and technogenic hazards (risks) in the technogenic hazards (risks) in the coastal zone. coastal zone.

• Especial value has conducting the account and the forecast of th

Especial value has conducting the account and the forecast of the dangerous natural phenomena e dangerous natural phenomena which characteristic for the coastal zone, especially coastal er which characteristic for the coastal zone, especially coastal erosion, and also technogenic accidents.

• sion, and also technogenic accidents.