SLIDE 6 11/22/2015 6
12th Grade (42058)
Biodegradable orthopedic implants have recently gained attention because they facilitate the avoidance of multiple surgeries. Although polymeric bone plates have been found attractive due to their ability to last up to a couple of years and degrade by hydrolysis, their low Young’s modulus is a limitation. Magnesium and its alloys, on the
- ther hand, have strong potential for orthopedic implants due to their established
biodegradability, biocompatibility and bioabsorbability. This investigation focused on the magnesium alloys, AZ31, AZ61 and AZ91, for bone plate application during fracture
- fixation. The purpose was to assess the time for dissolution of the magnesium alloy
bone plates, manipulate design features to suit a desired healing time, and evaluate the impact of degradation on the mechanical performance of the implant. The hypothesis was: If the corrosion rates of the alloys are known, then the alloys could be engineered for biodegradable bone plate applications through the manipulation of design to accommodate time for healing. The mechanical performance could potentially be predicted based on degradation kinetics. To test this hypothesis, the corrosion rate of AZ31 was established in prior experiments. Corrosion data of AZ61 and AZ91 from literature was also used. These data were utilized to manipulate bone plate geometry and determine the material’s longevity in the human body. The change in the mechanical performance of the degrading plate was assessed. The hypothesis was proven to be correct. The chosen magnesium alloys could be engineered as candidate materials for biodegradable bone plate applications through intelligent manipulation
10 th Grade (41369)
RoadAnalyzer is an app that accurately records data from the in-phone accelerometer and GPS tracker to a file, which displays that data in Excel. When driving over gravel roads, the accelerometer detects change in movement while going over divots and potholes in the road. The information is then saved onto the phone inside of a designated file. This file, a CSV (Comma-Separated Value) file, can easily be opened in Excel or any other spreadsheet
- programs. The data from the files, specifically the gravity vector and the Y-value of the
acceleration, are used to determine the bumpiness of the gravel road, and the need of the road being graded. The data stored in the CSV files also includes GPS location, so that the specific gravel road that the data was collected from can be easily determined without human error. This information can be useful because you can determine if a specific city or county’s gravel roads are consistently worse than others and for what reason. This program was used to compare gravel roads across the southeastern part of Michigan. The control used in the experiment was the newly paved portion of I-96, while Napier Road was a gravel road in good condition. Old Michigan Road, a road in Belleville, was used a gravel road in poor condition. Using these three roads, the data produced from the program can easily be observed and show how speed and the up-and-down acceleration of the car widely varies. The program can be used to maintain better gravel road conditions. By using this app, data can be produced to tell which gravel roads need to be graded. This app can potentially save vehicle owners thousands of dollars in car repairs if gravel roads are kept in good condition.
8th Grade (32918)
In this experiment, I demonstrated how the shape or structure of a capacitor would affect its capabilities. I hypothesized that if the shape or structure of a capacitor is changed, then its capacitance ability will be altered. To accomplish this, I made three homemade capacitors using wax paper and aluminum foil, each set up in a different shape or structure. I then charged the three capacitors with the same type of battery for the same amount of time. Lastly, a multimeter was used to measure the amount of millivolts discharged by each capacitor. I concluded that the shape or structure of a capacitor does alter its abilities, and that the biggest factor of how the shape or structure changes capacitance is the area of the aluminum plate contact through the wax paper. For example, what we called the "rolled" shaped capacitor, the one with the most area contact between the aluminum plates, discharged a maximum voltage of 1902 millivolts, while the "tube" shaped capacitor, the one with the least area contact between the aluminum plates, only discharged a maximum voltage of 78.9 millivolts.
8th Grade (35633)
It is controversial whether electromagnetic fields (EMF’s) produced by cell phones are harmful, causing cancer and tumors. Anything that has electrical current produces EMF’s. In our modern day society we have become dependent on electrical devices which have greatly increased our exposure to EMF’s. Many of these devices are carried
- n or close to our bodies: in pockets, in under-garments, in purses/ bags, attached to
belts or held in your hand. It is not unusual to see people with a cell phone in hand, as if it is a permanent body part. The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate which type of cell phone has the greatest effect on the body’s voltage. If I measure the body voltage with a multimeter, while using different types of cell phones, I hypothesize that the smart type cell phone will have the greatest effect on the body’s voltage because it uses more electricity to operate. To control ambient EMF’s, lights, electrical devices, and WiFi were turned off. A test subject with a surface electrode on their neck was attached to a multimeter, with the Com terminal attached to ground. Subject placed bare feet on a grounding pad to zero their body voltage. Feet were removed from pad and a baseline voltage was recorded. Subject placed an activated cell phone to their ear. The body voltage was recorded. Procedure was repeated with 8 different cell phones. The hypothesis was supported with smart phones increasing the body voltage 5 times more than basic cell phones
Key to previous categories
ID Previously 41654 Chemistry 42272 Physics 42058 Engineering 41369 Computer Science 32918 Physics 35633 Medicine & Health
