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Using a life cycle assessment methodology for the analysis of two treatment systems of food-processing industry wastewaters
- L. Maya-Altamira*, A.Baun*, M.Hauschild** and
Using a life cycle assessment methodology for the analysis of two - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Using a life cycle assessment methodology for the analysis of two - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Using a life cycle assessment methodology for the analysis of two treatment systems of food-processing industry wastewaters L. Maya-Altamira* , A.Baun*, M.Hauschild** and J.E.Schmidt* *Institute of Environment & Resources, DTU **Department
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The need
To have a flexible tool to quantify the inputs &
- utputs that are relevant for the life cycle
assessment of wastewater treatment systems for food-processing industry streams.
Aggregated in a set of indicators that assess technical & environmental performance Represented by two mature technologies: Activated Sludge & Anaerobic Tank Reactor Effect of switching ww stream
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The assessment
Focus on:
- a. System’s use stage.
- b. Effect of individual streams.
Functional unit: 1 volumetric Person Equivalent (P.E.) = 0.2 m3/d.
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System boundaries
BACKGROUND SYSTEM: Generic models: Databases & literature data. Trace materials, predict process’ requirements & emissions. FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Process’ specific models: Efficiencies & consumptions dependent on ww composition & volume. Predict process’ requirements, emissions, & efficiencies.
Effluents Effluents Waste Pet food wastewaters Input Vector Fish meals wastewaters Input Vector Ancillaries & electricity Input Vector
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System boundaries
Inputs/outputs of foreground system were modeled & aggregated 1 day after a steady-state operation was achieved.
Ancillaries & electricity Wastewater streams
Ancillary Products Production Energy Production Pasteurisation Agricultural spread Dewatering Renewable Energy Production Fertiliser Production Renewable District Heating Production Mesophilic Anaerobic Influent Discharge S econdary S ettler Nitrification Denitrification Denitrification Nitrification
Waste Effluent
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Scenarios
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Activated sludge plant
Fish meals summer
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Activated sludge plant
Fish meals winter
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Activated sludge plant
Pet food non-pre
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Activated sludge plant
Pet food pretreated
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Anaerobic digestion + AS plant
Fish meals summer
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Anaerobic digestion + AS plant
Fish meals winter
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Anaerobic digestion + AS plant
Pet food non-pre
FOREGROUND SYSTEM: Anaerobic digestion + AS plant
Pet food pretreated
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Influent input to system
Influent content (kg d-1 PE-1)
0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 Pet non pre Pet pre Fish winter Fish summer
Influent content (COD/TAN ratio)
5 10 15 Pet non pre Pet pre Fish winter Fish summer
COD TAN
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LCIA – Normalized Ressource Consumption (EDIP 97)
0,0E+00 2,0E+02 4,0E+02 6,0E+02 8,0E+02 1,0E+03 1,2E+03
mPEWDK04
Pet Non pre Pet Pre Fish Winter Fish Summer Pet Non pre Pet Pre Fish Winter Fish Summer Activated sludge Anaerobic + AS
SCENARIOS
Resources consumption
Zinc Nickel Natural gas Manganese Lignite Iron Hard coal Crude oil Copper Aluminum 2 4 6 8 10 12
mPEWDK04
Pet Non pre Pet Pre Fish Winter Fish Summer Anaerobic + AS
SCENARIOS
Resources consumption
Zinc Nickel Natural gas Manganese Lignite Iron Hard coal Crude oil Copper Aluminum
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LCIA – Normalized Environmental Impacts (EDIP 97)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
mPEWDK94
Pet Non pre Pet Pre Fish Winter Fish Summer Pet Non pre Pet Pre Fish Winter Fish Summer Activated sludge Anaerobic + AS
SCENARIOS
Environmental Impacts
Photochemical oxidant (low NOx) Ozone depletion Nutrient enrichment Global warming (100 years) EDIP Human toxicity water EDIP Human toxicity soil EDIP Human toxicity air EDIP ecotox water chronic EDIP ecotox water acute EDIP ecotox soil cronic Acidification 0,0 0,3 0,5 0,8 1,0 1,3 1,5 1,8 2,0 mPEWDK94 Pet Non pre Pet Pre Fish Winter Fish Summer Anaerobic + AS
SCENARIOS
Environmental Impacts
Photochemical oxidant (low NOx) Ozone depletion Nutrient enrichment Global warming (100 years) EDIP Human toxicity water EDIP Human toxicity soil EDIP Human toxicity air EDIP ecotox water chronic EDIP ecotox water acute EDIP ecotox soil cronic Acidification
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LCI indicators
Energy indicators
AS Pet Non pre AS Pet Pre AS Fish Winter AS Fish Summer
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5 10 15
AS+AD Pet Non pre AS+AD Pet Pre AS+AD Fish Winter AS+AD Fish Summer
Electricity consumption pausterisation (kWh d-1 PE-1) Methane produced (kg d-1 PE-1) Ancillary oxygen consumed (kg d- 1 PE-1) Energy balance_foreground: Consumption - Production (kWh d-1 PE-1)
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LCI indicators
Removal efficiencies
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% AS Pet non pre AS Pet pre AS Fish winter AS Fish summer AS+AD Pet non pre AS+AD Pet pre AS+AD Fish winter AS+AD Fish summer TAN Removal Efficiency COD Removal Efficiency TSS Removal Efficiency
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Conclusions
- Energy related LCI indicators exerted the greatest influence on the systems
assessed.
- AS plants caused the greatest LC Ressource Consumptions & Environmental
Impacts.
- Anaerobic digestion as an alternative for pre-treatment unit.
- Pasteurisation of sludge prior disposal (fertiliser) is critical in the assessment.
- The removal of N from the wastewater is overcome by the nutrient enrichment
caused by the power production processes at the activated sludge scenarios.
- Differences in ww compositions affected the LCA of ww treatment systems,
particularly for AS & AD systems.
- This flexible tool can help on the LCA of wastewater treatment systems of FPI
ww.
- Important to integrate technical indicators in the LCA of such ww treatment
systems.
- Important to aggregate inventory data with sufficient level of detail for scenario
analysis of FPI ww in a LCA context.
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Thanks to the National Minister of Science & Technology of Mexico for its funding to this project and to Arovit Pet Food & Fiske Fiskerness Industries for providing the wastewater samples.
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Thanks for your attention ! Any question?
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