Supply project By Christian J Kekurah Program Manager-WaterAid 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A Presentation on the Self- Supply project

By Christian J Kekurah Program Manager-WaterAid

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Contents

• 1. Basic project information
• 2. Overview of problems in conventional water supply

which self supply aims to address

• 3. Concept of self supply
• 4. How self supply complements and not overlaps

conventional Water supply

• 5. Advantages of self supply
• 6. Self supply in other countries
• 7. Self supply in Sierra Leone
• 8. What we aim to contribute to
• 9. What has been accomplished so far
• 10. Next steps

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Basic Information

• Project title: Development of a strategy to accelerate household investment

in improved water supply -Self Supply (WF 004)

• WASH Facility Themes
• Capacity Building in the WASH Sector
• Private Sector Innovation and Engagement in the WASH Sector
• Small Scale Pilot Projects
• Research, Advocacy & Sector Learning
• Total Cost: £264,735.00 (£200,000 from WF & £64,735 from Unicef)
• Duration: 20 Months (August 2012-February 2014)
• Location: Pujehun & Kenema Districts
• Partners: MoWR, MoHS, HELP-SL, MOPADA, KTT, PTT, WASH-NET

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Basic Information Cont’d

GOAL: Increased life expectancy in Sierra Leone through a reduction of water- related diseases Objectives

• To study the potential of accelerating self supply in Kenema and

Pujehun districts by December 2012

• To upgrade 100 unprotected water sources to be used as improved

source for drinking water by December 2013 (piloting of self supply)

• To conduct a comprehensive training needs assessment and

produce a self supply training package by end of November 2012

• To conduct a study of the financing of self supply initiatives and

develop a financing guideline for self supply by end of December 2012

• To develop a nationally acceptable Self Supply Acceleration package

by end of December 2013,

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Overview of problems in Water Supply

• Rates of progress in i.e.inadequate supply and

national targets of 74% by 2015 (Draft RWSS of MOWR)

• Not all the existing sources are safe
• Funding shortfalls and increased need for cost

sharing

• Large numbers of small communities (less than

150 people) for which there is no RWS strategy at present, but many of which have been exposed to CLTS

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Concept of Self-Supply

Basic Definitions

• Self Supply – is a concept which builds primarily on user

investment in incremental improvements to rural water supply with a range of technologies in RWH, spring protection, well construction and up-grading and HH water treatment.

• Accelerated Self Supply – facilitation of self supply processes to

speed up improved levels of service including access and water

• quality. This can be achieved by developing four pillars of support

to potential investors-:

• 1. Wider range of technical options and advisory services
• 2. Well-informed private sector with good quality skills and products
• 3. Micro-finance and savings schemes to allow bigger technology steps
• 4. Capacity building and policy changes to expand the role of government, local

councils and private sector

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Moving up the Rural water supply ladder (groundwater option)

Increase in total capital cost and cost per step Reduced health risk, improved water quality Increase in complexity of operation and maintenance Increased ease of water delivery Increased need for effective O+M for water availability

Motorised pumps Solar, electric, diesel pumps/ elevated storage

Little/ no protection No lifting device, basic well High cost, high protection, yield, and accessibility Medium well head protection No lifting device Medium wellhead protection, low cost lifting device – windlass/ pulley Medium protection, medium cost ,Low - contact lifting device low cost piston/ rope pump Fully sealed, high cost, no contact lifting device, standard hand pump

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Piped supply into the house Highest cost, highest accessibility and protection

(Dr Sally Sutton)

How Self /Supply complements & not overlap conventional approaches to water supply

• 1. Not in competition – self supply develops to fill the

gaps conventional water supply cannot satisfy adequately

• 2. It is very normal that people use more than one

source of water to obtain adequate safe water for

their families and livelihoods

• 3. Self supply has been happening, but in slow often sub-

standard ways limited to those with most initiative.

Without a strategy to include it, such supplies will remain substandard, but could be encouraged into up-

grading and expansion to complement conventional water supplies.

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How Self /Supply complements & not overlap conventional approaches to water supply Cont’d

• 4. Acceleration increases the number of people

who can improve their own supplies at minimum

acceptable standards .

• 5. Sometimes self supply is the only means of water

supply especially for small and ‘hard to reach’ communities, sometimes it augments existing conventional supplies for bulk water needs.

• 6. Building up the necessary support to self supply is

largely an extension of services to conventional supplies and CLTS e.g. supply chain development, private sector capacity building, social marketing/ promotion.

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Advantages of Self Supply

• Promotes self Pride & dignity
• Easily maintained as user provided his own supply-

Sustainability

• Concept can be replicated to develop communities in
• ther areas
• Infilling – those hard to reach/ hamlets
• those inadequately served
• Contributes to poverty reduction/ income generation
• It is flexible-Phased improvements
• Provides a framework for new technology and

financing options to fit into government’s wider RWS strategy for scaling up.

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Self Supply in other countries

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• 200,000 mainly family wells in Mali, serving 60% of

rural population – 5 million

• Represents over US$ 20 million of household

investment

• Shared with neighbours, but also 85% of productive

water use is from private wells

• Most are regularly maintained

Small piped supplies, Ghana

• Commonly found in peri-urban

rural towns, number unknown.

• Chlorinated water sold, house

connections to follow

Mali Ghana

Self Supply in other countries cont’d

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• 80% costs covered by owner
• Over 130,000 up-graded wells, average unit

cost US$ 250, approx $1 subsidy per head

• Serve more than 2.5 million people
• Also used for other productive purposes.
• 86,000 wells constructed by families

in 3 years

• Government inputs cascade training of

well-diggers +promotion +monitoring

• Credit scheme allowed this owner to

pay for her pump in six months from vegetables grown

Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Ethiopia Ethiopia

Rainwater harvesting and household water treatment -Uganda

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In Uganda RWH technology is increasingly promoted at household

• level. Not subsidised in areas where

alternatives (groundwater/ piped supplies) are available, but subsidised where community supplies not possible or too

• expensive. Government promoted

but mainly NGO/CBO implemented. Widespread HHWTS promotion, market often disrupted by emergency chlorination programs

Status of self supply in other countries

Defining potential

• 1. Reconnaissance level (RWSN)
• 2. Systematic studies

Uganda, Mali, Ghana, Zambia, Niger, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Tanzania Ethiopia Piloting options for acceleration Uganda, Mali, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia M+E of impact, sustainability, user satisfaction, lessons learnt (all need more) Zimbabwe, Zambia, Uganda, Ethiopia. Ghana Establishing policies and strategies to complement communal supply and CLTS Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Uganda, Ghana Developing training and promotional materials Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Uganda, Zambia. Ghana Developing HR + other capacities in government, private sector, NGOs Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Zambia, Uganda, Ghana Going to scale Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Ghana

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Self Supply outside Africa

• USA has 15 million self-financed

household wells (urban and rural)

• In Bangladesh more than 60% of rural

population use their own household supply,

• Ireland more than 30% of their rural

population use their HH water supply

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Self Supply in Sierra Leone

Traditional well In Kenema

Fetching Stream water in Pujehun

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• Widely practiced in the rural & peri-

urban settlements

• No official recognition and technical

support

• More of source construction than

improvement/HHWST

• Widespread use of open buckets

than covered jerry cans Drinking water from streams

Potentials for self supply in Pujehun & Kenema

• Vast stretch of water bodies (i.e. underground

& surface water) in the 2 districts

• Limited conventional water supply sources
• Can build on the concept of CLTS that is now

widely accepted in Pujehun & Kenema

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Potential for Self supply in Kenema & Pujehun

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Potential for Self Supply Population peripheral to supplies or in small communities communities Population in <150/comm 13% 432,312 5000 Population in 250-400/comm 13% 415,684 1,273 20% of over 400 12% 399,057 1,878

Total 38% 1,247,053

8151 Present coverage 35% 1,163,916

Sizes of communities in Pujehun & Kenema

Brief overview of WaterAid’s Self Supply Project

Main areas of activities

• Kenema district(Dodo, & Small Bo chiefdoms)
• Pujehun district (Sowa & Kpanga Kabonde chiefdoms)

(i.e. 50 communities in each district) What we aim to do

• Provide high quality technical advice (capacity building of local artisans,

setting up of advisory committees on self supply etc)

• Increase wider low cost water supply options e.g. RWH, spring protection,

traditional wells (100 pilots i.e. 50 ground water, 50HHWT & 15 Demonstration sites established @ district offices, NL houses etc)

• Strengthening of private sector marketing and supply chains,
• Improved access to micro-credit/ savings schemes, and
• Produce supportive implementation guidelines to promote and facilitate

private investment and self supply

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What we aim to contribute to

• Increased access to water through acceleration &

scaling-up self supply

• Sector Learning
• Sector capacity building
• Sector coordination and harmonization of

approaches/strategey

• Cross Cutting Issues e.g. Gender, HIV/AIDS, the

Disabled (Equity & Inclusion)

• Increasing govt. allocation to the sector &

encourage wider use through policy & advocacy

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What has been accomplished so far

• District entry for sensitization & Survey

preparation

• Survey on self supply and report produced
• Training needs assessment of partners & at

community level done

• Partner staff trained by WHH on small

technologies in self supply

• Training manual on self supply produced

awaiting validation

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What has been accomplished so far?

• 30 local artisans trained for upgrading wells
• Communities mobilized for piloting
• Tools procured
• Recruitment process for international

consultants for financing study, strategy development and quality control ongoing

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Next steps

• Piloting i.e. upgrading of 30 family wells and

establishment of 10 demonstration sites

• Strategy development
• Financing study

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The End

Thank You

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