Innovative and affordable WASH self-supply technologies (EM AS SCHEM E) By Lahai Ensah Bunduka National Project Coordinator WAS H self-supply, S ierra Leone
WASH self-supply (EM AS CONCEPT) Funded by : DFiD/ UK Aid and implemented by The German Organisation called Welthungerhilfe, formally called German Agro-Action. Project duration -July 2012 to Dec.2013 (pilot) Project locations -Western rural district (ward c) and Kenema Nongowa chiefdom
Project locations
M ain outputs 1. Specialized training of 80 EM AS-WASH technicians and 10 TOT 2. Establishment of 30 demonstration sites 3. Creating increased demand for WASH self- supply 4. Enhancing the establishment of 15 WASH self-supply start-up businesses 5. Improving sector learning and capacity building of stake holders
Achievements � 75 WASH technicians already trained and 23/ 25 TOT � 25 Demonstration sites established and 100 private systems completed across the country � 135 private systems installed � 15 talk shows and 15 community outreaches held � 13 WASH business units registered and two WASH regional cooperative organisations formed. � 160 beneficiary household/ NGO staff from partner organizations trained
ACHIEVEMENT 60 40 GOAL Goals 20 ACHIVEMENT 1-training 2-demo sites 3-media/out 0 ACHIVEMENT 4-busi. Units 1 5-cap. Build. GOAL 2 3 4 5
Our technology options 1. Self-made manual pumps; hand and pedal 2. Upgraded VIP and surface composting latrines 3. Rain water harvesting 4. Shower cubicles 5. Domestic hygiene systems 6. Ferro-cement water storage tanks 7. Irrigation and distant pumping scheme 8. Locally made solar for hot water bathing 9. M anual drilling
Water- an added value approach K itchen Hot water Latrine bathing Manual pumping of water Farm- Storage irrigation tanks S hower room
Hygiene Simple and effective domestic and personal hygiene- hand washing, pot rack and shower bathing
MANUAL DRILLING � Introductory training conducted � Five test drill wells in Freetown Rural-paid by individuals; all functional since july 2013 � Drilling method-suction and washing � Drilling of 30 metres can be done in two days, 6 drillers � Average cost of a drilled well 30 metres depth Le 2.5 to Le3 million
TOOLS NEEDED : � A 4 metre high derrick crane made of iron bars and fastened with 4 tension rods � lever and shaft, a small stick to pull the rope and one or two pulleys and a resistant rope . � 60 metres of drill pipes = 20 bars, 3 metres long, and two pieces 1 metre each, with 1 inch � Reinforced nipples, a drill bit , one or two holders, 7 metres of 3/ 4" hose, and a mud emas pump. � pipe press to fasten the drill pipe for screwing and unscrewing its pieces, 2 pipe wrenches, a piece of wire mesh to sift mud, two buckets and a steel brush.
Y TOOLS AND EQUIPM ENT ASSEM BL
EM AS M ANUAL DEEP DRILLING (WASHING) � This drilling method can drill to a depth of 100 metres in soils of fine material which do not contain stones . The drilling diameter is only 2 inches and the average yield of these EMAS wells is 1 litre per Second- 3600 litres per hour.
THE EM AS DRILLING SYSTEM USING SUCTION � thick sand and small stones or pebbles are encountered � can be used by simply adapting a check valve below the holder. However if a pebble size greater than 2 cm is found, then bars of a larger diameter are required together with a larger valve. � The drilling liquid should be strongly thickened to be able to carry pebbles. This is not always possible.
Sanitation Upgrading, comfort and improving health
Challenges � Coordination and networking amongst partners and stakeholders � Short project duration (18 months); only one dry season � Servicing customer call across the country- project locations in only two districts � Transport constraints especially for pipes 6 metres length � Dependency syndrome of Sierra Leoneans- unwillingness to pay for wash services � Poor town and household planning
Challenges cont. � Difficulty in rehabilitating large diameter household wells –too expensive for household level � Culture of building very deep and wide toilets � Perception - composting toilets, manual pumping of water is poverty, rain water is not good ; not useful � Quality control monitoring is a big challenge � Free Wash services delivered by big donors/ NGOS/ politicians � Lack of pro-activeness of trained technicians � Poor quality materials and equipment-pipes and tools � Pilot project not clearly understood
Lessons learnt � Big ignorance in sector about rain water harvesting-soft subsidies for large tanks � Sierra Leone does not lack water; water resource management is the problem � Women, children, aged and the physically challenged remain largely marginalized in current WASH system designs-squatting toilets, head carrying of water over long distances
Lessons learnt cont. � Underground water is consistently being polluted-this may have serious health implications � Water catchment areas across the country are heavily over exploited and mismanaged � Treatment of water for domestic use can work best when knowledge is strengthened at the household level � Self supply succeed best where there is proper policy frame work and a willing leadership direction
Lessons learnt cont. � Profit based approach –more demo. sites due to financing options e.g. offering pay-back periods, village savings and loans clubs/ osusu � Quality control monitoring-own funds to strengthen quality control coop. � Use of more local materials and product range will increase investment � Customer feed back options will help determine product choice and appro. M arketing strategy
Lessons learnt cont. � Every individual welcomes change that improves quality of his life-just need right options and right opportunities and the right time
One concept direction Clean Good water sanitation Effective Effective hygiene hygiene Sound health for every one
THANK YOU
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