MRV = Hotpot? Asia is moving toward Low-Carbon Development India - - PDF document

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Good practices and lessons learned from MRV of mitigation actions toward the low carbon development

Kenta Usui (usui@iges.or.jp) Institute for Global Environmental Strategies 4 September, 2012, Bangkok

MRV = Hotpot?

Asia is moving toward Low-Carbon Development

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China

12th Five Year Plan

Mongolia

National Action Program on Climate Change (NAPCC)

Korea

Framework Act on Low Carbon Green Growth

Philippines

National Climate Change Action Plan

Indonesia

National Climate Change Action Plan

India

National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC)

Thailand

National Strategic Plan on Climate Change

Vietnam

National Climate Change Strategy

Cambodia

Climate Change Strategic Plan

Lao PDR

Strategy on Climate Change

Source: IGES Market Mechanism Country Fact Sheet (July, 2012)

Some countries set specific targets

Country Target/Specific Activity China

• 40‐45% reduction of GHGs per GDP by 2020
• Establish low carbon standard, GHG inventory, carbon

trading market and pilot program

Korea

• 30% reduction of GHGs to BAU by 2020
• GHG and energy target management
• Emission Trading Law (May 2012)

Thailand

• To establish Thailand voluntary carbon market
• To operate Thailand Voluntary Emission Reduction (T‐

VER) and Voluntary Emission Trading (T‐VETS)

Indonesia

• 26% reduction of GHGs to BAU by 26%
• Guideline for implementing GHG Reduction Action plan

India

• Reduce GHG emissions intensity of its GDP by 20‐25% by

2020

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MRV is a mechanism to ensure real reduction of GHG

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Collecting data

Measuring Reporting

Calculation of GHGs

Verification

Checking the data MRV is also directly related to:

• Carbon markets, including new market mechanisms
• Climate finance (both from public and private sources)

Four distinctive types of MRV

Categories Examples Required Accuracy Maturity Type 1 Project level CDM, Japanese Voluntary Emission Reduction, VCS High Medium Type 2 Entity level EU‐ETS, Japanese Voluntary ETS, Tokyo ETS, NZ‐ETS High High Type 3 Policy/action level None Medium? Low Type 4 National level National Inventories Medium High

Limited experience but very important in relation to NAMAs

Scale

Source: Modified by author based on Yasushi Ninomiya (2012) “What are lessons learned from the good practices to establish effective GHG-MRV framework in Asia?” Presentation at the International Conference on Sustainable Asia-Pacific, 25 July 2012

IGES helps MRV capacity building in Asia

GHG Emitters / Project Owner Governments Third- Party Verifiers

Help on scheme design, baseline setting, incentive- making, etc Help on verification methods for GHG reduction Help on GHG reduction projects and measuring / reporting methodologies

Our activities : Training courses, workshops, site visits in Japan Our clients: China, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Mongolia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Our partners: UNFCCC, Asian Development Bank, Indian TERI, Our sponsor: Japanese Ministry of Environment

Country MRV Mechanism

Lessons learned

• Differentiate: To facilitate discussion on

establishing MRV schemes, different types of MRVs need to be distinguished.

• Add: MRV for GHG reduction induced by

policy/actions (Type 3) is underdeveloped and needs further work

• Share: International lesson-sharing and

capacity building very useful to accelerate the progress on MRV mechanisms.