National Carbon Accounting Systems for Forest MRV Australia's - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

National Carbon Accounting Systems for Forest MRV Australia's International Forest Monitoring team

Nikki Fitzgerald (presented by A. Held)

• Australia is uniquely placed to help, due to its own experience

– in having to tackle wide-spread deforestation – in developing and using an internationally recognised forest MRV system – as one of the few countries to use satellite and ground-based data.

Australia supports robust MRV

3

Potential big mitigation gains through REDD+

CO2 emission from deforestation, 1990s

NIES (Ito et.al)

Australian forestry MRV expertise

• Australia has

submitted land sector accounts to the UNFCCC since 2002

• Conducted annual

reviews with progressive improvements

• International reviews
• Used Forest MRV

system for domestic programs

Australia’s MRV engagement

GFOI

Development of national MRV systems Data supply and processing

MRV support

Satellite receiving station and data hub Forest MRV system design and implementation

Global Canopy

Information products Developing country support

Indonesia

Indonesian National Carbon Accounting System

Kenya MRV

System for Land-Based Emissions Estimation Estimations in Kenya

Other

REDD+ law, savanna burning,

UNFCCC

REDD+ negotiations MRV, Reference levels., Safeguards

Multilateral

Bilateral

Policy and research

World Bank

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility Readiness and carbon funds

South Africa

Support on system design to South Africa

Supporting forest MRV

• leading role in the Global Forest Observations

Initiative (GFOI)

• capacity-building work with key REDD+

nations, especially Indonesia, Kenya and South Africa.

Australia supports forest MRV through its:

Using satellites, ground observations so support national forest MRV

GEO Plenary GFOI Leads Aus, Nor, US, CEOS, FAO Coordination of satellite data supply CEOS Capacity Building US Methods & Guidance Documentation Australia R&D Plan Norway Admin & Coordination Programme Office

GFOI Steering Committee Leads plus Brazil, China, Japan, MGD AG Chair, IPCC, UNFCCC, World Bank, GOFC- GOLD, GEO Sec Dir , National Demonstrator Reps

GFOI Services

• GEO Plenary endorsed Methods and

Guidance Documentation (MGD)

• Jan. 2014
• MGD not prescriptive
• Countries use MGD for forestry MRV

suiting national circumstances

New MGD marks completion of GFOI phase 1 (2012-13)

MGD boosts ability to measure forest emissions

• Enhance international reporting

ability

• Better access to funding for land

emission reductions

• Improves understanding of current

forests

Will also help to show MRV is technically and financially viable > support climate negotiations

Why is MGD needed?

Developing countries can improve measuring capacity

Methods and Guidance Documentation (MGD) Contents

Executive Summary Outline, intended audience, relationship to negotiations 1 – Design Decisions Introductory concepts, NFMS, use of existing data, Tier choices, cost effectiveness 2 – Estimating Emissions and removals Stock change and gain-loss methods, focus on latter, REDD+ activities described with linked estimation methods 3 – Data Provision for Estimating Emissions and Removals Activity data requirements; types RS data, pre-processing, map products, mapping, guiding principles, statistical inference , changes in pools 4 Overall uncertainties Combined AD and EF uncertainties using IPCC method 5 Reporting What can be said from UNFCCC Technical Annexes IPCC Guidance; RS data from CEOS/SDCG; Tier 3 methods; Sampling; Emission and removals factors; Direct biomass estimation by RS; Allometrics; Finance.

• Guide Space Data Coordination

Group work

• Help set R&D priorities in Norway-

led work stream

• Inform capacity building work in US-

led work stream

MGD also guides bilateral capacity building, such as Australia’s MRV projects with Indonesia, Kenya, Sth Africa

MGD: Way ahead

GFOI will use MGD to

• Australia supports the Indonesian MRV

through the Indonesian National Carbon Accounting System (INCAS)

Bilateral support - Indonesia

Annual Land Cover Change B Annual time-series defining areas of:

▪ Deforestation (permanent loss of forest

cover) C-mass Estimation D C-mass estimates for each biomass class (stock, growth/loss rate):

• Aboveground biomass
• Belowground biomass
• Litter
• Debris
• Soil

Biomass Classification A Classification of forests into groups (biomass classes) with common biomass characteristics (in undisturbed condition) Forest Disturbance Class Mapping C National map of forest disturbance classes at known date

• Minimal disturbance
• Moderate disturbance
• Heavy disturbance

Carbon Accounting and Reporting Model (ICARM)

E

• Degradation (forest clearance

and regeneration or partial removal)

INCAS Components

Biomass and emissions estimation

Internationally reviewed carbon accounting model Calibrate to Indonesian conditions Run & check ICARM scenarios ICARM output ∆ C stock by biomass class

Carbon accounting and reporting model

B

∆ area by biomass class by year

C INCAS output ∆ C stock by year A

Indonesian Carbon Accounting and Reporting Model (ICARM)

E B

C-stock Estimates Develop ICARM scenarios Map change in forest area for each year by biomass class Annual Land Cover Change

C

Biomass Class

Forest MRV Design Principles

• Be nationally consistent, even with sub-national implementation
• Be able to meet international reporting requirements (REDD+ and UNFCCC in

particular)

• Use wall-to-wall remote sensing to create time-series consistent forest-cover change

products

• Develop suitable methods for estimating GHG emissions and removals that are

integrated with remote sensing and other relevant data

• Be transparent and auditable, including producing clear and readily available

documentation of system concepts, methodologies, data inputs and results

• Meet minimum standards for Transparency, Accuracy, Comparability, Consistency

and Completeness as required by the UNFCCC

• Be complete—include all lands, carbon pools, relevant gases and activities at all

scales

• Provide both accounting and forecasting (both retrospective and predictive)
• Be designed specifically for consistent inventory of all land sector GHG accounting

requirements and project purposes

Forest MRV lessons learnt

• National forest monitoring and MRV systems must be established as a

central function of government.

• There is no need to wait for a perfect system and data before

commencing implementation - learn by doing

• Start using best available data, knowledge and methodologies, and

develop a continuous improvement plan

• Consider trialling the system at the sub-national level
• Transparent use of best available information and data will deliver

credible estimates of emissions

• Develop clear communication materials for a range of audiences
• Prioritise succession planning to ensure sustainability of the MRV

Program without on-going donor support

• Ensure the system is designed, implemented and operated according to

clear national needs

Over to You

Questions and Answers