LEED Green Associate Jaime Kelley, LEED AP BD+C, BPI Lawrence Lile, - - PDF document

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LEED Green Associate Jaime Kelley, LEED AP BD+C, BPI Lawrence Lile, - - PDF document

12/10/2013 LEED Green Associate Jaime Kelley, LEED AP BD+C, BPI Lawrence Lile, PE, LEED AP BD+C Jaime: jaime.kelley@live.com 314-406-3065 Lawrence: lawrencelile@gmail.com 573-657-0231 U.S. Green Building Council Missouri Gateway Chapter:


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12/10/2013 1

LEED Green Associate

Jaime Kelley, LEED AP BD+C, BPI Lawrence Lile, PE, LEED AP BD+C

Jaime: jaime.kelley@live.com 314-406-3065 Lawrence: lawrencelile@gmail.com 573-657-0231

  • U.S. Green Building Council – Missouri Gateway Chapter:

www.usgbc-mogateway.org 314-577-0854

Overview

  • USGBC, GBCI, and LEED Basics
  • LEED Credentialing Program
  • Exam Content, Quizzes and Study Tips

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LEED Rating Systems

5 (+ 2) Major Credit Categories:

(across most Rating Systems*)

Sustainable Sites (SS) Water Efficiency (WE) Energy & Atmosphere (EA) Materials & Resources (MR) Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Innovation & Design (ID) Regional Priority

*Rating System Exceptions: Homes & Neighborhood Development

3

LEED Rating Systems

System Specific Credits

Homes

Location and Linkages Awareness and Education

Neighborhoods

Smart Location and Linkages Neighborhood Pattern and Design Green Infrastructure

and Buildings

4

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Choosing a building's site and managing that site during construction

are important considerations for a project’s sustainability. The Sustainable Sites category

discourages development on previously undeveloped land minimizes a building's impact on ecosystems and waterways encourages regionally appropriate landscaping rewards smart transportation choices controls stormwater runoff reduces erosion, light pollution, heat island effect and construction-related pollution

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Sustainable Sites – Subcategories

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Transportation

Site Selection Site Design and Management Stormwater Management

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

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Efficient Transportation is not a new idea

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Transportation

Environment

Vehicle emissions contribute to climate change Miles of roads and parking lots require large amounts of energy to

construct

Economy

Building and maintaining roads has a big economic cost. Individual purchases of oil and gas for vehicles is a large expense

Community

Human health is affected by transportation in many ways, including

reduced physical activity

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Transportation

Buildings generate demand for transportation, but also

can reduce transportation impacts – Why? How?

Primary Resources: Transportation, Energy, and

Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Core Concepts :1st ed p29, 2nd ed p53)

GHG emissions from transportation result from vehicle

technology, transportation fuels, and land use

We need significant changes in land use Urban sprawl increases transportation demand Good planning can reduce VMT (vehicle miles traveled)

10

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Transportation

Strategies:

Locate near mass transit Use existing transportation networks Limit parking This will spark interest in alternative transportation Encourage carpooling Designate preferred parking spaces for carpool vehicles

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Transportation

Strategies (cont.):

Promote alternative fuel vehicles Provide a refueling station on-site Offer incentives Create an alternative commuting incentive program for

building occupants

Support alternative transportation Provide alternatives to single-occupancy car commuting

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Transportation

Site Selection

Site Design and Management Stormwater Management

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Sustainable Sites – Subcategories

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Selection

Environment

Loss of land & destruction of habitats lessens biodiversity

  • f plants & animals

Economy

Appropriate development protects buildings from floods

& landslides Community

Intentional development preserves natural areas for

enjoyment, increases connection to nature

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Selection

Opportunities to protect habitat, restore degraded areas – Why? How? Primary Resources: Brownfields (Core Concepts: 1st ed p31, 2nd ed p51)

“Real property…..with the presence or potential presence of

a hazardous substance……” Restoration of brownfields can be regenerative and improve social, economic and environmental conditions

EPA has resources for brownfield redevelopment

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Sustainable Sites – Subcategories

Transportation Site Selection

Site Design

and Management

Stormwater Management

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Environment

Use of native species will minimize irrigation and

chemical use, protect quality and quantity of available water Economy

Use of native plants requires less expense for water,

fertilizer, pesticides Community

A well designed site will create connections with the

natural environment

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Reduce environmental impacts, minimize maintenance costs, contribute to restoration & regeneration – Why? How? Elements of effective site design and management:

Native plantings Water efficient irrigation Minimal hardscape Optimal exterior lighting Sustainable site maintenance

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Strategies:

Build small Minimize building footprint; maximize open space

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Strategies:

Minimize hardscape Use permeable surfaces

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Strategies:

Minimize water usage Water-efficient irrigation

systems

Nonpotable water for

irrigation

Evapotranspiration

controllers

Don’t use irrigation

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Strategies (cont.):

Use reflective materials Exterior surfaces with high SRI values to

enhance illumination levels and reduce heat island impact

Nonroof (white concrete) Roof (white, green/vegetated & metal roof) Develop a sustainable management plan Addresses chemicals, cleaning of hardscape and

building exterior

Integrated pest management program

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Strategies (cont.):

Eliminate light pollution Thoughtful interior and exterior lighting strategies Interior lights programmed to turn off after business

hours

Low-intensity shielded exterior light fixtures Light areas only as required for safety and comfort Use the minimum amount of light necessary

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

23

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Site Design and Management

Strategies (cont.):

Plant sustainable landscapes Use or restore native and adapted plants Requires less maintenance and irrigation Fewer or no applications of chemical fertilizers and

pesticides

Reduces maintenance costs over the life of the building Prevents soil erosion and sedimentation which can

degrade property and cause sedimentation of local water bodies

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Sustainable Sites – Subcategories

Transportation Site Selection Site Design and Management

Stormwater

Management

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Stormwater Management

Environment

Development changes a site’s ecosystem. Plants and

animals provide ecological services, including stormwater management Economy

It is expensive to provide man-made stormwater

management – initial cost, maintenance costs Community

Clean surface water can provide recreational activities,

achieved with proper stormwater runoff management

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Stormwater Management

Control stormwater, protect quality of surface and ground water – Why? How?

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Stormwater Management

Primary Resources (Core Concepts: 1st ed p34, 2nd ed p57)

Low-Impact Development Non-point source pollution is a threat to surface water

quality and aquatic ecosystems

LID addresses how water enters a site, is stored, and

leaves a site

LID must be coordinated and balanced with other aspects

  • f neighborhood and community design

Stormwater Management Heat Island Effect

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Sustainable Sites

Stormwater Management

Strategies:

Minimize impervious areas Increase area of permeable surfaces such as

vegetated roofs, porous pavement, grid pavers

Control stormwater Direct runoff using dry ponds, rain gardens,

bioswales to hold water and slow the rate of runoff

Harvest rainwater May be used in building systems such as toilets or

irrigation – check local codes

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Terminology Review

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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Brownfield Previously used or developed land that may be contaminated with hazardous waste or pollution

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Terminology Review

Community Connectivity Proximity of the project site to homes, schools, parks, stores, restaurants, medical facilities, other services and amenities Development Density Total SF of all buildings in a specific area, measured in SF per acre or units per acre

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Terminology Review (cont.)

Diversity of uses or housing types # of types of spaces or housing types per acre Floodplain Land that is likely to be flooded by a storm of a given size, such as a 100-year storm Floor-area ratio The ratio between the total building floor area and the allowable land area the building can cover

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Terminology Review (cont.)

Footcandle Amount of illumination falling on a surface Imperviousness Resistance of a material to penetration by a liquid Native and adaptive plants Plants that occur naturally in a given location and ecosystem Prime farmland Previously undeveloped land with soil suitable for cultivation

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Terminology Review (cont.)

Site disturbance Amount of a site disturbed by construction activity Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) How well a material rejects solar heat, on a scale of 0 (least reflective) to 100 (most reflective) Street grid density An indicator of neighborhood density, expressed as centerline (length of a road down its center) miles per square mile

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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LEED – Sustainable Sites

Terminology Review (cont.)

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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Transportation demand management The process of reducing peak period vehicle trips Vehicle Miles Traveled (vmt) Estimate of the travel miles associated with a project

LEED – Sustainable Sites

  • Category Review – Questions
  • Learning Activities
  • Key Terms/ Assessments and Measurements

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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LEED – Water Efficiency

Increasing demand and shrinking supply of water threaten human health and the environment and current water demand trends are unsustainable

The Water Efficiency category

Encourages and recognizes efficiency measures that

significantly reduce potable water use

Encourages monitoring of water use and consumption to

identify problems and increase awareness and efficiency practices

Water is used in three ways: indoor water, outdoor water, and

process water

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Water Efficiency – Subcategories

Indoor Water

Outdoor Water Process Water

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Indoor Water

Definition: Potable water used for toilet flushing, hand washing, drinking water

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

  • Indoor Water

Environment

Water demand has many impacts Draws down natural water supplies Man-made water reservoirs are built to respond to needs Impervious surfaces and built areas make it difficult for water to

recharge naturally

Economy

The true cost of water is not passed on to consumers If less water is used, less energy is needed to heat water Creating potable water is expensive

Community

Safe, clean water for future generations is imperative

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

  • Indoor Water

Primary Resources: Water Usage in Buildings (Core Concepts:

1st ed p39, 2nd ed p61)

USGS estimates that the US uses 400 BILLION gallons

  • f water per day

Operations of buildings (including landscaping) accounts

for 12% of total water use

Water end-use profiles help project teams identify largest

users of water on a project and evaluate life cycle costs of conservation strategies

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Indoor Water

Strategies:

Install efficient plumbing fixtures Low-flow faucets, showerheads Low-flush toilets, dual-flush, no flush (compost) Use nonpotable water Rainwater can be used to flush toilets Install submeters Meters identify where water is used, help identify leaks

  • r other issues

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Water Efficiency – Subcategories

Indoor Water

Outdoor Water

Process Water

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Outdoor Water

Definition: Potable water used outside the building to maintain landscaping

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Outdoor Water

Strategies:

Choose locally adapted plants Naturally require less water and maintenance Use xeriscaping Native plants that require little water Emphasizes soil improvements, mulching and efficient

irrigation

Use nonpotable water Safe for watering plants Capture rainwater from roofs, use for irrigation

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Outdoor Water

Strategies (cont.):

Select efficient irrigation technologies Supply water directly to plant roots Drip and bubbler distribution systems Weather-based irrigation controllers Install submeters Help track where water is used Identify leaks

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Water Efficiency – Subcategories

Indoor Water Outdoor Water

Process Water

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Process Water

Definition: Water used in building systems to heat & cool air Water for dishwashing & washing machines

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Process Water

Primary Resources (Core Concepts: 1st ed p42 – not in 2nd ed)

Conservation for cooling towers Water efficiency Water measurement

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Process Water

Strategies:

Use nonpotable water Rainwater, graywater and municipal reclaimed

water can be used for purposes such as cooling towers

Install submeters Use meter information to track consumption and

identify leaks

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Terminology Review

Design vs. Baseline Baseline represents EPAct 1992 for flow and flush rates The project design is compared against this baseline Gallons per flush (gpf) Water closets and toilets (baseline 1.6 gpf), urinals (baseline

1.0 gpf)

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

Terminology Review (cont.):

Gallons per minute (gpm) Amount of water consumed by flow fixtures (sinks,

showerheads, aerators, sprinkler heads)

Gallons per flush (gpf) Amount of water consumed by flush fixtures (toilets,

urinals)

Irrigation efficiency % of water used for irrigation that does not evaporate,

blow away or fall on hardscape

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Water Efficiency

  • Category Review
  • Learning Activities
  • Key Terms/ Assessments and Measurements

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LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

Energy is a critical issue of economics and natural resources. Buildings have a large impact on patterns of energy supply and demand.

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LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

The Energy & Atmosphere category

  • Encourages well-designed buildings, which are

cost effective and reduce green house gas emissions

  • Green buildings focus on energy through four

interconnected elements:

  • Energy consumption
  • Energy efficiency
  • Renewable energy
  • Ongoing energy performance

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

  • Environment
Energy production creates emissions, which results in climate

change, smog, poor air quality

If energy use is reduced, these impacts will be reduced Refrigerants used by air conditioning & refrigeration equipment can

be harmful to the environment & to human health

  • Economy
Energy costs consume a large part of building operating budgets Energy efficiency frees up money for other uses
  • Community
Reduced energy use frees up money for other uses and reduces the

need for energy infrastructure (power plants, substations, etc.)

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Integrated Design Process:

Analysis of whole building life-cycle costs is central to

green building practices:

Provides a framework for understanding trade-offs

between first costs and long-term operating costs

LEED encourages project teams to use energy simulation

models

Commissioning and metering is critical to the ongoing

performance of a building

Retro-commissioning is critical to the efficiency of

existing buildings

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy and Atmosphere

Did you know?

Water use directly affects energy use….. reduced water

use = reduced energy use

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy and Atmosphere

Did you know?

Incandescent lamps use 4X the energy of a CFL or LED Increased ventilation = better IAQ, BUT added load on

HVAC

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy and Atmosphere – Subcategories

Energy Consumption

Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy Ongoing Energy Performance

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Consumption

Consider alternative energy sources Solar, wind, geothermal Use integrated design process to reduce loads Configure roads and infrastructure to minimize solar gain

in summer, maximize solar gain in winter

Use adjacent buildings to provide shade and insulation Passive strategies – mass, daylight Reduce use by reducing building size if appropriate

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Consumption

Strategies:

Establish design and energy goals Set targets and establish performance indicators at the

beginning of the project

Verify achievement throughout the project Size the building appropriately A facility that is larger than necessary creates excess

energy demand

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Consumption

Strategies:

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

65

  • High Efficiency

Mechanical Equipment

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Consumption

Strategies (cont.):

Use free energy Natural ventilation Solar energy Daylighting Insulate Minimize heating and cooling losses Monitor consumption Use energy monitoring and feedback systems Encourage occupants to reduce energy use

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy and Atmosphere – Subcategories

Energy Consumption

Energy Efficiency

Renewable Energy Ongoing Energy Performance

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Efficiency

Primary Resources: Energy Performance of LEED

Buildings (Core Concepts: 1st ed p47, 2nd ed p65)

An average green building has superior energy

efficiency, thus reducing environmental impacts, saving operating costs and contributing to GHG reduction goals

New Buildings Institute study found that LEED NC

buildings used 24% less energy than the national average (2008)

However, some buildings underperform their

benchmarks, reinforcing the need for commissioning and monitoring

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Efficiency

Primary Resources (cont.):

Refrigerants Very useful, but damaging to the environment Trade-offs between performance, ozone depletion and

contribution to GHG

Montreal Protocol bans the production of CFCs and

phases out HCFCs

The replacements for CFCs and HCFCs are often

potent greenhouse gases and are less efficient

Under LEED, new buildings cannot use CFCs and

existing buildings must phase out CFCs before project completion

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Efficiency

Strategies:

Identify passive design opportunities Use the sun and wind to heat, cool and illuminate Consider building orientation, material selection and

window placement

Address the building envelope Use appropriate insulation in walls and roof, high

performance glazing to minimize heat gain and loss

Ensure that the building is properly weatherized

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Efficiency

Strategies (cont.):

Install high performance mechanical systems Use life-cycle analysis to evaluate capital vs. operating

costs

Evaluate investments in energy efficiency technology Specify high efficiency appliances ENERGY STAR computers, monitors, printers,

microwaves, vending machines, copiers to reduce plug load demands

Use high efficiency infrastructure Street lighting, LED traffic signals

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

71

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Efficiency

Strategies (cont.):

Capture efficiencies of scale District heating and cooling systems on multi-building

campuses or residential neighborhoods

Use thermal energy storage Purchase off-peak energy

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy Efficiency

Strategies (cont.):

Design lighting per ASHRAE 90.1 (meet or exceed) Use energy simulation models Use computer modeling to identify and prioritize energy

efficiency opportunities

BIM Monitor and verify performance Commissioning Retro-commissioning in existing buildings Training facilities staff is key

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Energy and Atmosphere – Subcategories

Energy Consumption Energy Efficiency

Renewable Energy

Ongoing Energy Performance

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Renewable Energy

On-site renewable energy Photovoltaic cells (PV) Solar hot water heaters Building mounted wind turbines Geothermal Off-site renewable energy Green power RECs (renewable energy

certificates)

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

  • Energy Consumption
  • Energy Efficiency
  • Renewable Energy
  • Ongoing Energy

Performance

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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Energy and Atmosphere – Subcategories

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Ongoing Energy Performance

Primary Resources: Cost-Effectiveness of Commissioning (Core

Concepts: 1st ed p51, 2nd ed p69)

Commissioning is an important quality control strategy to ensure

that systems perform as designed

Commissioning is a systematic investigation of performance relative

to stated goals, specifications and owner’s requirements

The cost of commissioning has an average simple payback of 0.7

years for existing buildings and 4.8 years for new buildings, based on energy savings

Commissioning is one of the most cost effective ways to improve

energy efficiency in commercial buildings

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Ongoing Energy Performance

Strategies:

Adhere to Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR) Prepare detailed OPR at the beginning of design Conduct commissioning throughout the life cycle of

the project to ensure that the building functions as designed

Provide staff training Well trained facility managers can improve the

performance of a building over time

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

79

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Ongoing Energy Performance

Strategies (cont.):

Conduct preventive maintenance Plan and budget periodic maintenance to ensure that building

systems operate properly

Create incentives for occupants and tenants Promote the use of energy efficient computers and equipment Bill tenants using submeter readings to encourage energy

conservation

Educate occupants to turn off lights and computers Give regular feedback on energy performance

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Terminology Review

Energy or greenhouse gas emissions per capita

A community’s total GHG divided by total # of residents

Energy use intensity

Energy consumption divided by SF in a building; expressed as Btu/SF/yr or kWh/SF/yr

Lighting power density

Installed lighting per unit area (typically: W/sf)

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Terminology Review (cont.)

Measures of energy use

kWh (electricity), therms (natural gas), gallons (liquid fuel)

Performance relative to benchmark

Comparison of a building’s performance to a standard, such as EPAct 1992 or ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager

Performance relative to code

Comparison of a building’s performance to an energy code, such as ASHRAE Standard 90.1 or California Title 24

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Category Review Learning Activities Key Terms/ Assessments and Measurements

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

83

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

What are some strategies to reduce energy use?

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

How can buildings reduce the impact of energy used?

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

85

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

What are some LEED credits from other categories that are synergistic with energy use? Which ones may conflict?

LEED – Energy & Atmosphere

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12/10/2013 44 Consequences of where materials come from and where they go affects the health and productivity of building

  • ccupants.

LEED – Materials & Resources

87

The Materials & Resources category

  • Considers the amount of waste generated by a

building during its life cycle

  • Green building focuses on two categories when

considering materials and resources:

  • Selection of sustainable materials (life-cycle impacts)
  • Waste management

LEED – Materials & Resources

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

LEED – Materials & Resources

89

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Material Selection /

Life-Cycle Impacts

Waste Management

LEED – Materials & Resources

90

Materials & Resources – Subcategories

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Material Selection/ Life-Cycle Impacts

Environment

Environmental consequences of inappropriate material selections: air and

water pollution, depletion of natural resources, destruction of native habitats

Economy

Two legs of the triple bottom line (people, planet) are not typically

considered in the true cost of extracting and manufacturing construction materials

Community

We need to better understand the health risks of extracting,

manufacturing, installing and disposing of construction materials

LEED – Materials & Resources

91

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Material Selection/ Life-Cycle Impacts

Primary Resources: Estimating Life-Cycle Impacts (Core Concepts 1st ed

p57, 2nd ed p99)

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) involves comparing trade-offs

  • f alternative design and construction practices

LCA uses models and database tools, such as:

BEES 4.0 – Building for Environmental and Economic

Sustainability

Construction carbon calculator ATHENA EcoCalculator for Assemblies EPEAT – Electronic Product Environmental Assessment

Tool

LEED – Materials & Resources

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LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Material Selection/ Life-Cycle Impacts

Strategies: Develop a construction purchasing policy

Outline goals, thresholds, and procedures for procurement of construction

materials

Monitor compliance and track effectiveness

Specify green materials during construction

Rapidly renewable materials Regional materials Salvaged materials Materials with recycled content

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Material Selection/ Life-Cycle Impacts

Strategies (cont.):

Specify green interiors Products with low VOCs, formaldehyde or other toxic

chemicals

Develop a sustainable purchasing policy Outline goals, thresholds, and procedures for procurement of

consumables and durable goods. Monitor compliance and track effectiveness

LEED – Materials & Resources

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Material Selection/ Life-Cycle Impacts

Strategies (cont.):

Specify green materials during operations Rapidly renewable materials Regional materials Salvaged materials Materials with recycled content Specify green electronic materials Choose products that meet ENERGY STAR and EPEAT

standards

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Key Terms:

Pre Consumer Recycled Content: recycled material from

manufacturing waste

Examples: flyash, trimmed materials, overissue publications,

sawdust, planer shavings

Formerly known as Postindustrial content Does not include materials capable of being reclaimed within

the same process the generated them

Post Consumer Recycled Content: recycled from consumer

waste

Recycled Content

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36

Post vs. Pre Consumer

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Post vs. Pre Consumer

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Post vs. Pre Consumer

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Post vs. Pre Consumer

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Key Terms:

building material composed

  • f sand, gravel, cement, and water
  • The glue that holds the

concrete together Derived from incineration process, can be used as a cement replacement. (pre consumer recycled content)

41

RecycledContent

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Key Terms:

Material reuse is not recycled material Material reuse: building components recovered in original

state or refurbished

Paper, Cardboard, Glass, Plastics, Aluminum, and Metal

should be collected for recycling

Recycled Content

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Material Selection /

Life-Cycle Impacts

Waste

Management

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Materials & Resources – Subcategories

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Waste Management

Environment

If construction materials are disposed of improperly, toxic materials

go into the soil, air and water

Landfills fail and leak

Economy

Landfills are expensive to create and maintain, especially due to

regulatory requirements

Even closed landfills must be monitored and maintained

Community

Landfill smell, gas emissions, and groundwater contamination harm

human health

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Waste Management

Primary Resources: Waste Reduction (Core Concepts: 1st ed p55, 2nd

ed p74)

Solid waste generated in buildings is transported to

landfills or incinerated to generate energy, which creates GHG emissions

The EPA estimates that the US recycles

approximately 32% of solid waste, removing the equivalent of 40 million cars from the road

The construction and operation of green buildings

can be an important part of reducing GHG emissions

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Waste Management

LEED – Materials & Resources

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Waste Management

Strategies:

Size the building appropriately Smaller buildings can save energy and reduce operating

costs

Reuse existing buildings or portions Reuse building materials Develop a construction waste management policy Outline procedures and goals for construction waste

diversion

Specify a target diversion rate for the general contractor

LEED – Materials & Resources

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Waste Management

Strategies (cont.):

Consider new technology design and construction

decisions

Encourage recycling Establish a waste reduction policy for operations and maintenance Provide occupants with recycling bins Monitor compliance and track effectiveness Compost Create an on-site composting program to turn landscape debris into

mulch

LEED – Materials & Resources

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Terminology Review

Rapidly renewable materials Take 10 years or less to grow or raise Recycled content Fraction of material in a product that is recycled from

the manufacturing waste stream (preconsumer) or from the consumer waste stream (postconsumer)

Expressed as a % of total material volume or weight Regional materials Extracted, processed and manufactured within 500

miles of the project site

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Terminology Review (cont.)

Building Reuse

Amount of building materials returned to active use Expressed as a fraction of the total materials cost of a

building Sustainable forestry

Managing forest resources while maintaining biodiversity Waste diversion

Amount of waste not sent to a landfill or incinerated

Expressed in tons Reuse and recycling Salvage

LEED – Materials & Resources

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Category Review Learning Activities Key Terms/ Assessments and Measurements

LEED – Materials & Resources

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LEED – Materials & Resources

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USGBC – Missouri Gateway Construction and Demolition Resources

http://www.tinyurl.com/ConstructionWaste

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LEED – Materials & Resources

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http://www.refabstl.org

Concentrations of pollutants may be higher indoors. Indoor environmental quality is a major concern in buildings.

The Indoor Environmental Quality category

Addresses strategies that improve employee health and

productivity

Green building focuses on two categories when considering

indoor environmental quality:

Indoor air quality Thermal comfort, lighting and acoustics

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Indoor Environmental Quality –

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Subcategories

Indoor Air Quality

Thermal Comfort, Lighting

and Acoustics

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Indoor Air Quality

Environment

Since Americans spend most of their time indoors (average American

= 90%), improving IAQ has a large benefit

Need to find right balance between energy use and human health via

increased ventilation rates

Economy

Large potential savings and increased productivity with improved

IEQ – reduced sick days, improved worker performance

Community

Great places to live, play and work, increased community health. Great benefits with schools since children are sensitive to

contaminants

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Indoor Air Quality

Strategies:

Prohibit smoking No smoking in and around the building entrances, operable

windows and air intakes

Ensure adequate ventilation Provide ample outside air to occupants Use ASHRAE Standard 62.1 (2007) as a code Increase ventilation beyond code minimum levels Monitor carbon dioxide3 Install monitors Integrate with occupant demand ventilation system Install high efficiency air filters Use filters with high MERV ratings

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Indoor Air Quality

Strategies (cont.):

Specify low emitting materials

Use green materials for construction and renovation

Use integrated pest management

Nonchemical strategies can reduce use of pesticides

Protect air quality during construction

Prevent mold by protecting materials from moisture Prevent dust and particulate buildup

Conduct a flush-out

Flush out indoor airborne contaminants before occupancy

Employ a green cleaning program

Select products and technologies to minimize contaminants Protect health of cleaning staff

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Subcategories

Indoor Air Quality

Thermal Comfort,

Lighting and Acoustics

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Indoor Environmental Quality –

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Thermal Comfort, Lighting and Acoustics

Environment

Individualized HVAC and lighting controls moderates energy

usage

Increased access to daylight reduces energy use

Economy

Increasing user comfort helps the bottom line (employee

retention, attendance, productivity)

Community

People like to have individual control and appreciate thermal

comfort, access to daylight and views, and better communication with good acoustics, which all benefit the community

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Thermal Comfort, Lighting and Acoustics

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

124

Primary Resources (Core Concepts:

1st ed p62, 2nd ed p78):

Daylighting Students perform

better in classrooms with daylight (California study of 2,000 classrooms –

Heschong Mahone Group “Daylighting in Schools Reanalysis Report”, 2001)

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Thermal Comfort, Lighting and Acoustics

Indoor Environmental Quality

Green buildings have significantly better air quality, but

sometimes less satisfaction in measures of acoustic quality – UC-Berkeley study by the Center for the Built Environment (acoustics are addressed in Schools & Healthcare)

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Thermal Comfort, Lighting and Acoustics

Strategies:

Use daylighting Provide ample access to daylight and views Locate service areas, equipment rooms, closets and locker rooms

in the building core in order to free up perimeter space for

  • ccupants

Install operable windows Give occupants temperature and ventilation control If possible, provide thermostats and/ or adjustable air diffusers to

provide individual control

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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  • Walmart uses daylight in

all new stores

  • Sales are significantly

higher in daylit stores (Portland Business Journal, July 19, 1999) http://www.savethebulbs.or g/retail.html

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Thermal Comfort, Lighting and Acoustics

Strategies (cont.):

Give occupants lighting control Provide adjustable lighting controls or task lighting Consider acoustics Conduct occupant surveys Assess occupants’ satisfaction with the indoor environment Make operational changes based on feedback

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Terminology Review

Carbon dioxide concentrations CO2 builds up in a space where there is not enough

ventilation

Controllability of systems % of occupants who have direct control over

temperature, airflow, lighting in their spaces

MERV (Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value) Efficiency of air filters, ratings from 1 (very low

efficiency) to 16 (very high efficiency)

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Terminology Review

Thermal comfort Temperature, humidity and air speed – together

determine thermal ranges that provide comfort to most people

Determined by ASHRAE 55-2004 (see: IEQcr7.1) Ventilation rate Amount of air circulation, measured in air changes

per hour

Proper ventilation rates prescribed by ASHRAE 62.1

(2007)

VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) Amount of carbon compounds that vaporize at room

temperature (off-gassing)

LEED – Indoor Environmental Quality

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Category Review Learning Activities Key Terms/ Assessments and Measurements

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LEED – Innovation in Design

133

The Innovation in Design category

Encourages going above and beyond the

credit categories and exploring innovative green building strategies. LEED recognizes two strategies for earning Innovation in Design credits:

Exceptional performance Innovation

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LEED – Innovation in Design

Primary Resource: Guidance on Innovation in Design Credits (Core Concepts: 1st ed p66, 2nd ed p83)

Requirements for documenting Innovation in Design credits are available on the USGBC website

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Exemplary Performance (examples):

Sustainable Sites – doubling density

requirements

Indoor water use – reductions beyond 40% Construction waste – diversion from landfill

beyond 75%

Daylighting – more than 75%

LEED – Innovation in Design

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Innovation (examples):

Educational outreach programs Using a GHG budget to demonstrate carbon-

neutral design and operations

Integrated pest management for outdoor

landscape and interior plantings

LEED – Innovation in Design

137

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Category Review Learning Activities Key Terms/ Assessments and Measurements

LEED – Innovation in Design

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RPCs create incentive to achieve credits that address geographically specific environmental priorities RPCs are not new – they are existing credits that are particularly important for the region

LEED – Regional Priority

139

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A specific location – referenced by Zip Code – has 6 RPCs per rating system A project may earn up to 4 “bonus” points (one point for up to 4 of the 6 RPCs)

LEED – Regional Priority

140 Regional Priority Credits for Zip Code 65401 SSc1 Site Selection SSc5.1 Protect or Restore Habitat SSc6.2 Stormwater - Quality Control EAc2(7%) On Site Renewable Energy 7% MRc2(75%) 75% Construction Waste Diversion MRc5(20%) 20% Regional Materials

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LEED – System Specific Credits

LEED for Homes

Location and Linkages Awareness and Education

141

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LEED for Neighborhood Development

Smart Location and Linkages Neighborhood Pattern and Design Green Infrastructure and Buildings

LEED – System Specific Credits

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USGBC.org

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GBCI.org

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www.usgbc-mogateway.org

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www.usgbc-mogateway.org

146

Our Chapter officially has two branches now:

Ozarks Branch (Springfield, MO area) & Mid-Missouri Branch (Columbia, Jeff City area)

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www.usgbc-mogateway.org

147

Membership Levels:

Full Member, National Member Employee, and

Student memberships – as always

New Membership Levels: Contributor which is $150 and allows

individuals to provide additional support for

  • ur mission, and

Supporter which is $35 and aimed at

individuals who are not in the building industry but would like to support our overall cause/mission.

  • St. Louis High Performance Building Initiative

148

Partnership between

USGBC-Missouri Gateway & RCGA

Goal:

Increasing third party verified green space in the St. Louis Region.

http://stlhighperformbldg.org

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149 150

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Candidate Handbook

Download from website

3 paths to be eligible for the exam

  • Register for the exam
  • Reference Documents

Primary Hotlinks provided

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Green Associate Exam

STUDY

Solo Informal study group Flash cards Test questions available on websites

USBGC Colorado Chapter LEED v3.0 BD+C Study Guide http://www.usgbccolorado.org/resources/leed- studyguide.html

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Green Associate Exam

Question Format

Types of questions

Recall questions Application questions Analysis questions

Question format

No true/false, no “all/none of the above” Credit references are spelled out Acronyms are spelled out (most)

Score out of 200 (must get 170 correct = 85%)

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GBCI – The TEST

LEED Green Associate Exam Tips:

Any LEED Reference Guide is a good resource Have a general knowledge of the Intent and

Requirements and Potential Strategies for each pre-requisite and credit

No calculations or need to memorize percentages Use logic!

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GBCI – The TEST

LEED Green Associate Exam Tips:

The exam is multiple choice Some questions will have multiple answers, ex:

“select three of the following possible answers”

Online testing: scroll back, scroll forward, mark

individual questions

If uncertain, mark the question and return –

another question may give you the answer!

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GBCI – The TEST

LEED Green Associate Exam Tips:

Focus on:

Stormwater, Sites, Water Management Vegetative Roofs, Emissivity, SRI Water Efficiency Green Power, Refrigerants Innovation and Design Credit Requirements

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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GBCI – The TEST

LEED Green Associate Exam Tips:

Glossary Core Concepts: 1st ed pp69-75, 2nd ed pp105-117 “Key Terms to Know” Each section in Study Guide Know these terms! Many of these terms are used on the test and knowing

the definitions will help you greatly.

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GBCI – The TEST

Day of the TEST

NO personal items in test room Bring your ID – registration name

must match ID!

Step 1 = write down everything you

know

Step 2 = one minute refresh Step 3 = take the test

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GBCI – The TEST

Practice TEST!

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

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Upcoming Chapter Events

161

January 14, 2014 State of the Chapter & Social – 5:30pm It’s that time again – we’re kicking off the new year with our annual State of the Chapter & Social. Meet Chapter members and leaders while taking a look back at 2013 and a look forward at plans for the upcoming year, which enjoying complimentary wine and beer. Committee chairs will highlight upcoming activities and present a multitude of opportunities for you to get involved in 2014. Location: Alberici Headquarters, 8800 Page Ave January 24, 2014 Growing Green Awards – Nominations Due! DEADLINE: 5pm Honoring People + Organizations Transforming the Built Environment Save the Date! March 27, 2014 for our Awards Celebration when we’ll announce the winners! Location TBA. February 11, 2014 Chapter Monthly Program: Biophilic Design – 5:30pm Biophilic Design is an innovative way of designing new or retrofitting existing spaces where we live, work, and learn in a way that reconnects people with the natural world. The term “biophilia” literally means “love of life or living systems.” Adrian Cereza of the St. Louis Zoo will discuss Biophilia through the lenses of health, wellness and early childhood education. Location: Alberici Headquarters, 8800 Page Ave February 28 & March 3, 2014 LEED Green Associate Exam Prep Course Tell your colleagues! Instructors for this course will be Jaime Kelley and Nick Bristow. Registration is live on web. March 11, 2014 Chapter Monthly Program: Community & Resilience – 5:30pm Presenter: Z Smith; Location: Alberici Headquarters, 8800 Page Ave Find more details at: http://www.usgbc-mogateway.org/

LEED Green Associate Exam Prep. Course

Thank You!

Go Green! & Good Luck!

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