Katerina Kratzmann, 22 October 2015 Current situa+on q UNHCR: almost - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Katerina Kratzmann, 22 October 2015 Current situa+on q UNHCR: almost 60 million people worldwide were affected in 2014 (19.5 refugees, 38.2 IDPs, 1.8 asylum seekers) q In 2014, the EU accepted a rather small number; 86% stay in third countries
q EU: 551.265 applications incl. 07/15 q AT: 46.133 applications incl. 08/15 q Nationalities 2015: Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq (EU & AT)
Manifold – not only ONE reason Makro-, Mikro-, and Mesolevel Division of voluntary and forced migration
Pushfactors: bad economics; lack of education and
work; week social systems ; war and natural desaster.
Pullfactors: good economical conditions; work ,
security; good social systems; liberal migration policies; family and networks.
The Mandate:
UNHCR, IOM, etc
The rights of the person concerned:
„real refugees“ contra „false asylum seekers“
Who are these people to us?
Victims or perpetrators
Reactions of the population:
Challenge: anti-migrant sentiments, discrimination and fear of
„foreign infiltration“
Chance: great solidarity (Westbahnhof), increase understanding
Politization of the phenomenon:
Challenge: migrants as threat; „right wing shift“ Chance: Youth active and keen
Labour Market integration:
Challenge: qualification (recognition non-academic); networks Chance: Boost for economy; change of demographic landscape
Social systems:
Challenge: drain on the social systems Chance: support for the social system (tax)
Main challenges: Accommodation and Health
Refugee crisis is the symptom – not the cause! Important first step EU: “Search and Rescue” Migrants use smugglers due to a lack of alternative (legal)
channels for migration;
Combat human trafficking to a greater extent (less by military
intervention and „destroying ships“ and more by „anti-trafficking missions“)
People need legal ways to come to the EU:
More resettlement with higher quotas Humanitarian visa, student visa, family reunification Temporary Protection
Comprehensive approach in terms of migration policy including
target groups wishes!
Global:
Support UNHCR and WFP & neighbouring countries North-South dialogue (about shared responsibility) Early Warning System
EU:
Human Rights of migrants: Piority No.1 Joint EU asylum authority (including fund) Transit countries: asylum centres; dialogue Turkey; assistance
Western Balkan
Support at “Hot Spots” (IT and GR) Mutual recognition of asylum decisions Shifting from disembarkation to accepting responsibility for asylum
application
Suspending „Carrier sanctions“ Relocation EURAP (Resettlement Admission Programme)
IOM is present at „PoE“ in Greece and Italy in order to
IOM Emergency Response Plan (Macedonia, Serbia) Serbia: Transport at the green border (e.g. from
New registration centre in Gevgelija (Macedonia) –
„Rapid Vulnerability Assessment“ in Macedonia 20 containers in Croatia Online platform: http://migration.iom.int/europe
As of 15.10.2015
Country of Arrival Arrivals Deaths Italy
137,313 2,814 (Central Med route)
Malta
105
Greece
472,754 278 (Eastern Med route)
Spain
2,819 25 (Western Med and Western African routes)
Estimated Total
612,991 3,117
13
Absolute (Jan.-Jun. 2015) Per 1.000 inhabitants (Jan.-Jun. 2015)
Quelle: Eurostat, [migr_asyappctza] und [demo_gind]. 171.785 66.785 32.155 30.535 28.985 28.325 15.105 11.725 9.745 7.330 6.655 6.240 4.130 4.080 2.610 1.480 920 810 780 735 570 430 155 135 115 105 100 100 50.000 100.000 150.000 Deutschland Ungarn Frankreich Italien Schweden Österreich Vereinigtes Königreich Belgien Niederlande Bulgarien Spanien Griechenland Polen Dänemark Finnland Irland Zypern Malta Tschechische Republik Rumänien Luxemburg Portugal Lettland Litauen Estland Slowakei Kroatien Slowenien 6,78 3,30 2,97 2,12 1,89 1,09 1,04 1,02 1,01 0,72 0,58 0,58 0,50 0,48 0,48 0,32 0,23 0,14 0,11 0,09 0,08 0,07 0,05 0,05 0,04 0,04 0,02 0,02 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ungarn Österreich Schweden Deutschland Malta Zypern Belgien Bulgarien Luxemburg Dänemark Griechenland Niederlande Italien Frankreich Finnland Irland Vereinigtes Königreich Spanien Polen Estland Lettland Tschechische Republik Litauen Slowenien Portugal Rumänien Kroatien Slowakei
1 USA 1,318,309,693 2 United Kingdom 259,250,386 3 Canada 200,418,017 4 European Commission 176,618,511 5 Japan 168,004,571 6 Germany 131,815,161 7 UN CERF 85,395,255 8 Netherlands 84,380,431 9 Norway 67,071,212 10 Pakistan 61,106,599
In the beginning, peaceful protests in the course of
Quick escalation towards armed conflict of various
Today: Government troops and supporters fight
ca. 200.000 deaths between 03/11 and 04/14; 4 million refugees; 9 millionen IDPs