ISU SSP 2014 Evening Ren Jr. Landry 18 September 2013 International - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ISU SSP 2014 | Team Project Proposal | AMOOS Project

René Jr. Landry

18 September 2013 International Space University – Space Studies Program Team Project Proposal

19/09/2013

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ISU – SSP 2014 Evening

ISU SSP 2014 | Team Project Proposal | AMOOS Project 19/09/2013

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OUTLINES

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS
• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES
• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES
• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT
• 5. CONCLUSION

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• A. Satellites lifetime
• B. Space debris

Various Space Debris (Images from OOBJECT and ECLIPSE TOURS ) Dead satellites on graveyard orbits. (Images from US Air Force, public domain)

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

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• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

MEO GEO

(35 784 Km)

LEO HEO

A.1 – Satellites Quick Facts

AMOOS PHASE I (LEO) AMOOS PHASE II (MEO / GEO) MOON

~384 000 Km ~10x GEO

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• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

Note : Return trip Montréal-Québec : ~500 Km

LEO : ~200 to 2000km 1 x Mtl to Qc to 4 x Return trip Mtl-Qc

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A.1 – Satellites Quick Facts

Total number of operating satellites (May 2013)

1071 LEO 523 (48.8%) MEO 75 (0.07%) ELLIPTICAL 38 (0.03%) GEO 435 (40.6%)

(Source: Union of Concerned Scientists, May 2013)

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

Distribution of satellites in different orbits (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2012)

LEO is an important region for Space/Satellite Applications

Definition : Thermosphere : ~80 to 500km (gases drag) Exosphere : ~500 to 2000km LEO : Satellite speed : ~7.8 km/s Satellite period : ~90min

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Distribution of satellites by applications (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2012)

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

A.1 – Satellites Quick Facts

Estimates of costs factors during satellites life cycle Cost Range

Conception $50M - $250M Launch $100M - $200M Insurance $50M - $150M Maintenance Multi-millions dollars Ground monitoring Multi-millions dollars

(Source: EXAMINER, 2009)

Satellite On-Orbit Servicing is economically and commercially viable !

Several studies: [36]-[41]

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Components failures / limitations  Fuel propellant: limited capacity, loss of fuel  Solar array drive / panels: degradations, malfunctions  Power modules: battery cells failures  Communication modules: redundant anomalies  Antenna: transmitter failures  Payload or Sensor anomalies

Nowadays : ~70% satellite end-of-life from lost of energy source

Sources: NORDIC SPACE and LANDSAT

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

A.2 – Potential Subsystems Failures Satellite End-of-Life Concept  Until the absolute end of its on-board fuel,  or until Power source of spacecraft fails,  or until all on-board instruments fail.

Sources : 13th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites

Constellation End-of-Life Policy January 1998, US DoD

1. LEO will burn within 25 years (re-entry) 2. GEO in graveyard at 36400km

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A.3 – Satellites end-of-life issues

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

Due to these factors: LEO Satellites have useful on-orbit lifespan of 1 to 8 years.

LEO Servicing constraints:  Limited maintenance capabilities  High risky repair Manned missions

Interested facts : Nowadays, satellite technologies are extremely robust … LEO Satellites could have :

• a complete new life
• new sources of energy
• new functions

with On-Orbit Servicing ! Hubble Space Telescope

4 Servicing Missions since 1990 Still in operation !

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• B. Space debris issues
• Feb. 2009, the scene was at

800km above Siberia. In the explosion, Iridium 33 and Kosmos 2251 are completely destroyed. Generation of ~800 new Space Debris !

In July 1996, le satellite Cerise Satellite was damaged with an Ariane debris (launched 10 years ago)

On March 2008, Jules Verne ATV was launched in LEO. Seven month after, perfect reentry degradation.

Daily manoeuver of the ISS

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• B. Space debris issues

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• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

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• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

Source: NASA

56 years later …

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Source: NORDIC SPACE

B.1 – Evolution of Space Debris

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

FACT 1: 6578 satellites launched since Sputnik-1 (source UCS, May 2013) Only ~800 active Satellites today ! FACT 2: >95% of tracked object population are debris

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Source: NORDIC SPACE

Space debris population in LEO (2013) :

 > 14,000 objects > 10cm  > 300,000 objects 1-10cm  > 30 Million objects < 1cm

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

B.1 – Evolution of Space Debris Ex.: Kevlar shielding  Tracked with Radar  No tracking, no shielding !

Micro debris : Eye view Micro debris : Zoom

?

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• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

B.1 – Evolution of Space Debris

For fifty years, the primary source

• f all of the junk came from
• bjects that exploded by accident.

Except Fengyan-1C ! + 3000 new large debris

(intentional anti-satellite test missile)

The Chinese mission was a success !

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Source: Space Academy Australia and Images taken from ECLIPSE TOURS MAN MADE Rocket bodies 17% Mission-related debris 19% Abandoned spacecraft 22% Fragmentation debris 42% Breakup fragments Collisional fragments Deterioration products Exhaust products Objects released in Deployment & Mission Operations Refuse from Human Missions Explosions

B.2 – Sources of Space Debris

Ariane V payload (2009, Mexico) PAM-D debris (2002, Saudi Arabia ) Delta rocket debris(2013, Zimbabwe)

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

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B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part I)

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

Source: Ecolocalizer.com, Null-Hypothesis.co.uk, and Science.nasa.gov

1-mm diameter aluminum sphere moving at a velocity of 10 km/s will pierce a 4-mm thick aluminum wall

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Space debris production and dangers :

 In-orbit collisions with other debris or spacecraft  In-orbit explosions  LEO orbit congestions  Hypervelocity collisions and high kinetic energy releases  Smallest debris pass through protection hulls of satellites structures (avg. 10km/sec)  Scattering radioactive fallouts can contaminate the space and ground.

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part II)

Very complex and expensive process to deal with Space Debris !

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Source: Liou, 2011

Space debris generation and population:

 Kessler Syndrome (Donald J. Kessler, Nasa)  Unpredictability of small debris collisions  Reduction of Astronaut Outdoor mission  Extension of graveyard orbits  Long debris lifetime in orbits  LEO orbit congestions: Orbital debris increasingly span large space orbit  Difficulty to track smallest orbital debris (< 10cm)

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part III)

In a short term, ISS will become inoperable !

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• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part III)

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MISSION Use of a low cost UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) for Autonomous On-Orbit Satellite Servicing MAIN OBJECTIVES

1- To extend satellites lifetime and performance

 On-orbit servicing (maintenance, replacement, etc.)  Repair critical satellite faulty subsystem  New energy sources (refuel, battery, solar panel, etc.)  Update functions, missions or add new technology

2- To help removing space debris

 Help de-orbiting old satellites or debris  Cargo back on earth  Execute other debris removal techniques

• 1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

AMOOS Project : A Call for Action

3- To bring small payload in space

 Put small satellite / payload in orbit  Use the UAV as a scientific laboratory

Great Opportunity :

 Significant environment impact  Solution to an urgent International problem  Several economic outcomes  ↑ Canada/ÉTS reputation in Space Activities

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• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

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• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES
• A. SPACE DEBRIS PROGRAMS
• B. CURRENT MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : PREVENTION
• C. FUTURE MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : REMOVAL

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25  ASI  CNES  CNSA  CSA  DLR  ESA  ISRO  JAXA  NASA  SSAU  ROSCOSMOS  UK SPACE  Agenzia Spaziale Italiana  Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales  China National Space Administration  Canadian Space Agency  German Aerospace Center  European Space Agency  Indian Space Research Organization  Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency  National Aeronautics and Space Administration  State Space Agency of Ukraine  Russian Federal Space Agency  UK Space Agency

Source: IADC

A.1 – IADC: Committee Member Organizations

• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

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Source: IADC

Purpose of IADC Organization: 1) Exchange information about orbital debris research among member space agencies. 2) Review progress of ongoing cooperative activities. 3) Facilitate opportunities for cooperation in space debris research. 4) Identity debris mitigation practices and options.

A.2 – Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) – International Committee

• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

Deliverables :  Produces the “IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines”.

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 European Code of Conduct for Space Debris Mitigation  FCC. Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices  IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines  ITU Environment Protection of the Geostationary Orbit  NASA. Process for Limiting Orbital Debris. NASA-STD-8719.14  NASA. Safety Standard. Guidelines and Assessment Procedures for limiting Orbital Debris  Space Product Assurance. Safety. ECSS-Q-40A  UNCOPUOS. Technical Report on Space Debris  UNCOPUOS. Space Debris

Source: EUTELSAT MITIGATION GUIDELINES 2013

A.3 – International Recommendations and Guidelines

• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

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• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES
• A. SPACE DEBRIS PROGRAMS
• B. CURRENT MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : PREVENTION
• C. FUTURE MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : REMOVAL

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Prevention activities Effectiveness

1- Limitation of debris release during operations Low 2- Minimization of potential fragmentation during operations Low 3- Limitation of the probability of accidental collision High 4- Avoidance of intentional destruction and other harmful activities Medium 5- Minimization of potential post-mission fragmentations Medium 6- Limitation of abandoned spacecraft and launchers in the LEO region Medium

Source: IADC and : Space Debris, Team Project Report, ISU SSP 2012

B.1 – Current Mitigation Activities: Prevention

• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

Collisions between debris are not included !

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B.1 – Space Debris Simulator

• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

Source: Raytheon versus Lockheed Contract

$3.5 billion Air Force contract

Goal : Track 20k to 200k space debris !

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• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

B.2 – Current Mitigation Activities and Limitations  IADC is no ‘real’ authority to bind internationally space debris guidelines:

• There is no mention concerning military activities in space (only for civil)
• No Space Authority !

 Space debris activities are only dedicated to reduce new debris production

• These activities lack of active removal actions.

 Current Outer Space laws are inadequate because of

• Significant distrust between space applicants (countries, military, industrial spying, etc.)
• No approved protocol
• Liability Convention terms are imprecise (Significant treat only)
• United States ITAR regulations are complicating international collaboration in space

development  Space debris mitigations are a necessary but insufficient

• it must be accompanied by space debris environment remediation.

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• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES
• A. SPACE DEBRIS PROGRAMS
• B. CURRENT MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : PREVENTION
• C. FUTURE MITIGATION PROJECTS: REMOVAL

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Source: Space Debris, Team Project Report, ISU SSP 2012

 Debris Deorbiting Activities :

• Instant propulsive method
• Deferred propulsive method
• Non-propulsive method

 Debris Capture Activities :

• Capture methods only

C.1 – Different Approaches for Debris Removal

• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

Orion Project, Nasa Breaking Sail, ESA CleanSpace, ESA Phoenix, DARPA

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Source: Space Debris, Team Project Report, ISU SSP 2012

C.2 – Debris Removal: options

• 2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

Options / Projects Deorbiting Capture Debris target

Electromagnetic tethers

√

Medium debris Balloons

√

Large debris Solar sails

√

Small debris Propulsion engines

√

Large debris Lasers beams

√

Large debris Nets

√

Small debris Sweepers

√

Small debris Robotic arms

√ √

Large debris

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• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles A.2 – Advantages of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)

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• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

Source: NASA , Astronautix and image from StyleofSpeed

Lockheed Martin : X-33 Project  Project started : 1996 Official end : 2001 (US DoD)  Manned and unmanned rocket plane  Sub-scale advanced technology demonstrator  Increase launch vehicle safety, reliability and reduce cost payload into space (from $10,000 to $1,000).  Program canceled (2009) : flight instability and excess weight A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles

THE X-33 SPECIFICATIONS Length: 69 feet Wingspan: 77 feet Weight: 210,000 lbs. Volume: 565 feet3 Altitude: Suborbital Category: SSTO Potential Crew: 7 Official designation : Venture Star Launch Vehicle 3

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• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

Virgin SPACESHIP-TWO  Manned and suborbital  10 Oct 2010 (first glide flight) and 29 April 2013 (first powered flight)  Space plane designed primarily for commercial space tourism  Can also carry onboard scientific payloads for NASA and other organizations.  Initial ticket price of US$200,000. Beginning planned for 2014 !

Source: VIRGINGALACTIC and WIKIPEDIA

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles

THE SPACESHIPTWO SPECIFICATIONS Length: 60 feet Diameter: 90 inches Altitude: Suborbital Category: SSTO Crew: 2 Passengers: 6

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Source: NASA and UNIVERSE TODAY

DREAM CHASER  Reusable composite spacecraft: Manned, suborbital and orbital  Transport astronauts to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) destinations, such as the International Space Station (ISS)  Aerial testes planned throughout 2013  Vertical-takeoff, horizontal-landing (VTHL)  Potential orbital space tourism

THE DREAM CHASER HIGHLIGHTS Length: 29.5 feet Wingspan: 22.9 feet Volume: 565 feet3 Crew: 7

• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles

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Source: SPACE-X

SPACE-X DRAGON  Manned and robotic operation, orbital (with rocket, TSTO), fully commercial  In 2012, it became the first commercial spacecraft (unmanned) to deliver cargo to the ISS (In: 460 kg food and clothing and out : 620 kg of cargo to Earth)  Reusable spacecraft to deliver crew and cargo to orbiting destinations  NASA awards Space-X $440M to aid development of crew capability

THE DRAGON HIGHLIGHTS Diameter: 12 feet Wingspan: 14.1 feet Height: 23.6 feet Crew: 0 to 7 Total payload: 13,228 lbs Orbit duration 2 years

• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles

Falcon 9 v1.0

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• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

Source: BOEING and Wikipedia

Controversy:

260 days in space in 2012 following Chinese Satellite ! A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles BOEING X-37B  Unmanned, orbital, re-entry spacecraft operating at LEO  First spaceflight in 2006 2 units owned by USAF  Advanced technology demonstrator for unmanned and re-entry capabilities  In 2011, X-37C scale-up variant (larger)

THE BOEING X-37B FACTS Length: 29.3 feet Wingspan: 14.1 feet Height: 9.6 feet Category: SSTO Crew: Remotely controlled from ground Propulsion: Rocketdyne AR2-3 rocket engines

• Max. thrust:

11,000 lbs.

• Max. Speed:

28,000 mph Cruise speed: 17,500 mph

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• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

Source: Skylon Space Plane and Wikipedia

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles SKYLON  Unmanned, orbital, re-usable spacecraft operating at LEO  Spaceflight to be designed by Reaction Engines Limited (UK)  Program projected to cost $12 billion  To deliver payload in orbit  First test flights expected in 2019

THE SKYLON FACTS Length: 273 feet Wingspan: 82 feet Category: SSTO Crew: none, remote controlled from ground Capacity: 30 passengers Propulsion: SABRE engine

• Max. cargo:

760,000 lbs.

• Max. Speed:

Mach 5.5

• Max. altitude:

300 km

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• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

Deutsche Orbital Servicing Mission (DEOS)  Objective: capture errant satellites using an experimental servicing satellite  Space vehicle: free-flying space robot  Contract: €15M awarded to Astrium GmbH (September 13, 2012)  Missions: deorbiting, space debris removal, complex assembly assistance functions, maintenance and repair.

Source: SPACETECH-i , SPACE SAFETY MAGAZINE and DLR Robotic Technologies

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles

First On-Orbit Servicing Satellite ! Beginning of new concept in Satellite design !

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• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

LYNX Mark Series  The Lynx is intended to space tourism (started in 2008)  Suborbital horizontal-takeoff, horizontal-landing  It will operate as an FAA AST-licensed suborbital, reusable, launch vehicle under visual flight rules (VFR).  Designed for 40 flight before preventive maintenance.  175 Lynx Flight presold ticket to Space @ 95kUSD

Source: XCOR

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles

THE LYNX MK2 FACTS Length: 27.9 feet Wingspan: 24.0 feet Height: 7.22 feet Category: SSTO Crew: 2 (incl. pilot) Propulsion: Rocket engines

• Max. thrust:

11,600 lbs

• Reusable. Reliable. Cost Effective

The Lynx Mark III

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Mission features Manned Vehicle Satellite Vehicle UAV 1- Quick Time to Mission Execution

X X 

2- Fast turnaround between Missions

X X 

3- Suborbital flights

  

4- High tempo operations: more missions per day

X X 

5- Horizontal takeoff – horizontal landing

 X 

6- Safety for crew

X  

7- Reliable

  

8- Reusable

 X 

B.1 – Advantages of UAV (Part I): MISSION ASPECTS

• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES

UAV-SSS Concept : Save Life, Save Money and Save Time

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Financial features Manned Vehicle Satellite Vehicle UAV Low cost operations and maintenance X X  Low crew expenses X X  Easier to launch X   Easier to replace X X  Easier to repair X X  More flights X X  Durable missions (least training period for crew) X X 

• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES

B.2 – Advantages of UAV (Part II): FINANCIAL ASPECTS

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Medical concerns Manned Vehicle Satellite Vehicle UAV Astronauts can experience immune deficiency Yes Yes None Astronauts can experience collapse bone and tissue Yes Yes None Astronauts can experience sickness Yes Yes None Astronauts can experience radiation poisoning Yes Yes None Astronauts can lead to injuries or fatalities Yes Yes None B.3 – Advantages of UAV (Part III): HUMAN FACTORS

• 3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES

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• 4. GLANCE ON AMOOS PROJECT

Team Project of ISU-SSP 2014

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Mission of a virtual scenario to repair an important satellite in LEO

• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

4.1 – AMOOS Mission Planning

1. Analysis 2. Design 3. Preparation 4. Execution 5. Post-analysis

ISU-SSP 2014 PROJECT : Analyse, develop, and realize a virtual scenario in which a critical satellite subsystem faulty operation has already been detected and on the need to repair this important LEO satellite autonomously on-orbit.

THEORICAL PRACTICAL

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4.2 – AMOOS Challenges, Assignments and Deliverables

The Team Project must:

• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT
• 1. Undertake technical analysis on potential key technologies (Canadian and International).
• UAV, Robotic Arm, Satellite, Mission.
• 2. Describe legal and political protocols, agreements and recommendations (Legal Plan).
• 3. Assess economic feasibility of AMOOS project (Business Plan).
• 4. Propose new satellite design Concept (Modularity) for On-Orbit Servicing
• 5. Undertake potential threats and risks on unmanned mission to space.
• 6. Analyse and Execute AMOOS Mission (Planning, coordination, execution).
• 7. Post-Mission Analysis and Recommendations

DELIVERABLES : Report + Virtual Mission Execution (Recorded Video)

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4.3 – Interdisciplinary scope The Project is expected to promote:

Engineering Process Business Model International Policies & laws Satellite Applications Space & Society issues Life & Physical Sciences

• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

Team of about ~30 ISU Students

AMOOS Project

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Source: Image taken from XCOR GALLERY

Target: LEO defective satellite (TBD) Control center: LASSENA Ground Controlled Station Spacecraft: UAV Version of LYNX MARK III Destination: Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at 700km Mission: On-orbit servicing (refuel, repair, replacement) MISSION :

• 1. Horizontal takeoff from runway
• 2. Autonomous navigation to orbital destination
• 3. Rendezvous with the defective satellite
• 4. Docking / berthing
• 5. On-board robotics for satellite defect repair
• 6. Return navigation mission
• 7. Safe horizontal flight landing
• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

4.4 – AMOOS Mission Scenario

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ÉTS based Marinvent Corporation Flight Research Simulator (used as UAV Lynx Ground Control Simulator) ÉTS UAV Ground Control Operation Center (Mission section) 4.5 – AMOOS Mission Control Center and Facilities ÉTS UAV Ground Control Operation Center (Planning section)

• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

ÉTS SatCom facilities LASSENA Team and Facilities

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• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

4.5 – Presentation of X-Plane 10

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• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

4.5 – Presentation of STK 10 AGI Software

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• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

4.5 – Real UAV/Drone Simulation

• Fully controlled by the ÉTS Simulator
• Indoor usage for Mission Planning
• Outdoor usage for Mission Execution

Subscale Demonstration of Real AMOOS Trajectory

300’ 200’ UAV

Defective Satellite

Rendezvous and Servicing !

Remotely controlled

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Source: Canada Space Agency and The Next-Generation Canadarm

TECHNOLOGY STATUS OF CANADARM (SRMS) Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS) Complex operations handling Precise capture of objects Range of motion larger than human arm. Length: 58 feet. Weight: 3968 lbs. Thickness: 1.15 feet. Degrees of freedom: 7 (shoulder: 3, elbow: 1, wrist: 1). Cameras: 4 Lift: 116 tons in space.

• 4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

4.6 – The Next-Generation Small Canadarm

In potential collaboration with : Visit of the CSA and CANADARM Simulator + Expert Conferences …

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• 5. CONCLUSION

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5.1 – In Summary

• 5. CONCLUSION
• 1. A technological challenge
• 2. An urgent need to reduce the proliferation of Space Debris
• 3. A commercially viable solution to extend Satellite Life
• 4. An innovative idea gaining popularity
• 5. A real solution providing long term maintenance
• 6. A safe and cost effective solution for space operations
• 7. A need for Space Innovation

The AMOOS is :

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For Satellites Maintenance:

• 1. Add robustness to satellite subsystems
• 2. Extend satellite lifetime
• 3. Increase satellite performances
• 4. Recycle and re-use satellite parts
• 5. Reduce total operational costs

On Space Debris:

• 1. Reduce overall risks to space crew
• 2. Reduce Space Debris threats and proliferation
• 3. Allow execution of space debris removal technologies

5.2 – Advantages of AMOOS over traditional approaches

• 5. CONCLUSION

Many other outcomes :

• 1. To put payload in

space

• 2. To allow Canada

sovereignty in Space !

• 3. etc.

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5.3 – Potential opportunities

• 5. CONCLUSION

For Unmanned Mission to Space … Participate in efforts for unmanned space exploration. … Participate in efforts for robotic space missions. … Participates in efforts for civil use of UAV in Space. For Space Debris Issues … Participate in efforts to reduce orbital junk. … Participate in efforts to reduce orbital mission threats.

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5.4 – Potential opportunities

• 5. CONCLUSION

For Canada Space Industry … Participate in efforts for space business in commercial applications. … Participate in efforts for international cooperation for space management, policies and laws. … Provide new services for customers. … Reinforce Canada national sovereignty. … Participate in the next-generation of Canada Space Technologies. … Huge potential of national R&D projects and programs. … Economically viable for Canada Space industries.

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5.5 – Potential Canadian Support and Partnership

• 5. CONCLUSION

Numerous potential industries : Governmental organizations :

Etc.

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• 5. CONCLUSION

5.1 – Virtual Scenario of AMOOS Mission

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ISU – SSP 2014 Evening

René Jr. Landry

18 September 2013 International Space University – Team Project Proposal Laboratoire Spécialisé en Systèmes Embarqués, Navigation et Avionique

www.lassena.etsmtl.ca

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ISU – SSP 2014 Evening

Alexis Do Sanou

PhD Candidate at LASSENA

www.lassena.etsmtl.ca

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APPENDIX 1: DATA MINIG ON PREVIOUS ISU PROJECTS REPORTS Year SSP MSS TOTAL

2013 1 1 2012 5 2 7 2011 3 2 5 2010 3 2 5 2009 2 2 4 2008 3 2 5 2007 4 2 6 2006 3 2 5 2005 3 2 5 2004 3 2 5 2003 3 2 5 2002 2 2 4 2001 2 2 4

Year SSP MSS TOTAL

2000 3 1 4 1999 2 1 3 1998 2 1 3 1997 3 1 4 1996 2 1 3 1995 2 2 1994 2 2 1993 1 1 1992 2 2 1991 1 1 1990 2 2 1989 2 2 1988 1 1

Total SSP: P: 62 62 Total

• tal MSS:

S: 29 29 Tot

• tal

al TP: : 91 91 Stu tudi dies es on

• n space

e debris: ris: 3 (2003 – 2007 2007 – 2012) 2012) OOS: OS: 1 (2007)

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5.4 – Canada sovereignty Project goal : To develop a Canadian Launcher Investigators : DRDC (Defence Research and Development Canada) and CSA Project proposed name : Microsatellite Launcher Critical Technologies R&D Canada Status: Still in study at CSA ! APPENDIX 2: CANADIAN MICROSATELLITE LAUNCHER

Example of project financed by DRDC : Canadian Small Launch Vehicle Guidance, Navigation and Control Concept Design and Analysis

AMOOS Project may be an

• pportunity to join !

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5.4 – Example of another expertise in Canada APPENDIX 3: MULTI-FUEL DASS ENGINE APPLICATIONS

http://www.spaceenginesystems.com Multi-fuel DASS Engine Applications

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APPENDIX 4: SPACE JUNK 3D

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REFERENCES (LINKS RELATED IN THIS DOCUMENT)

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• f O u t e r S p a c e » . U n i t e d N a t i o n s , V i e n n a . 1 0 p .

1 0 . M . L o e s c h , F . d e B r u i n a n d a l . 2 0 1 0 . « E c o n o m i c A p p r o a c h f o r A c t i v e S p a c e D e b r i s R e m o v a l S e r v i c e s » . A s t r i u m S a t e l l i t e s G m b H , M u n i c h G e r m a n y . i - S A I R A S 2 0 1 0 , S a p p o r o , J a p a n . S p a c e T e c h P o s t - G r a d u a t e M a s t e r P r o g r a m o n S p a c e S y s t e m s a n d B u s i n e s s E n g i n e e r i n g b y D e l f t U n i v e r s i t y . 8 p . 1 1 . S é n é c h a l , T h i e r r y . X X X X . « S p a c e D e b r i s P o l l u t i o n : A C o n v e n t i o n P r o p o s a l » . p p 3 9 - 6 5 .

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1 2 . J o s e p h G r u b e r . X X X X . « S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c i n g a n d R e u t i l i z a t i o n » . E m b r y - R i d d l e A e r o n a u t i c a l U n i v e r s i t y . 1 5 p . 1 3 . M a n i k o w s k i , P i o t r . 2 0 0 6 . « E x a m p l e s o f s p a c e d a m a g e s i n t h e l i g h t o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l s p a c e l a w » . P o z n a n U n i v e r s i t y o f E c o n o m i c s . V o l . 6 , N o . 1 . 1 5 p . 1 4 . A l b u - S c h a f f e r , A l i n . X X X X . « D L R ' s R o b o t i c T e c h n o l o g i e s f o r S p a c e D e b r i s M i t i g a t i o n a n d O n - O r b i t S e r v i c i n g » . S p a c e - A d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f t h e G e r m a n A e r o s p a c e C e n t e r ( D L R ) , I n s t i t u t o f R o b o t i c s a n d M e c h a t r o n i c s . 2 1 p . 1 5 . W o l f , T h o m a s . 2 0 0 4 . « D e u t s c h e O r b i t a l e S e r v i c i n g M i s s i o n : T h e I n - f l i g h t T e c h n o l o g y D e m o n s t r a t i o n o f G e r m a n ' s R o b o t i c s A p p r o a c h t o D i s p o s e M a l f u n c t i o n e d S a t e l l i t e s » . S p a c e - A d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f t h e G e r m a n A e r o s p a c e C e n t e r ( D L R ) . 2 3 p . 1 6 . L a y i O h i n o w o , R a j a M u k h e r j i , C r a i g L y n a n d A n d r e w O g i l v i e . 2 0 1 1 . « O n t h e A p p l i c a t i o n o f R o b o t i c s t o O n - O r b i t S p a c e c r a f t S e r v i c i n g - t h e N e x t G e n e r a t i o n C a n a d a r m P r o j e c t » . M D A C o r p o r a t i o n . 1 0 p . 1 7 . A n d r e w O g i l v i e , J u s t o i n A l l p o r t , M i c h a e l H a n n a h a n d J o h n L y m e r . X X X X . « A u t o n o m o u s R o b o t i c s O p e r a t i u o n s f o r O n - O r b i t S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c i n g » . M D A C o r p o r a t i o n . 1 2 p . 1 8 . K a l l e n d e r - U m e z u , P a u l . 2 0 1 1 . « A M a r k e t f o r C l e a n i n g U p S p a c e J u n k ? » . K e i o U n i v e r s i t y , F a c u l t y o f P o l i c y M a n a g e m e n t . G - S e c W o r k i n g P a p e r N o . 3 0 . 1 6 p . 1 9 . J o h n M . S o c o l o w a n d B r i a n P . M i t c h e l l . 2 0 0 9 . « E m e r g i n g I s s u e s : U n m a n n e d A i r c r a f t a n d S p a c e D e b r i s » . P i n o & A s s o c i a t e s , L L P . 2 7 p . 2 0 . E u r o p e a n S p a c e A g e n c y ( E S A ) . 2 0 1 3 . « S p a c e O p e r a t i o n s : E S A a n d S p a c e D e b r i s » . D a r m s t a d t , G e r m a n y » . 1 6 p . 2 1 . E u r o p e a n S p a c e A g e n c y ( E S A ) . 2 0 0 6 . « P o s i t i o n P a p e r o n S p a c e D e b r i s M i t i g a t i o n : I m p l e m e n t i n g Z e r o D e b r i s C r e a t i o n Z o n e s » . I n t e r n a t i o n a l A c a d e m e y o f A s t r o n a u t i c s ( I A A ) , P a r i s ( F r a n c e ) . S P - 1 3 0 1 . 6 3 p . 2 2 . I n t e r n a t i o n a l S p a c e U n i v e r s i t y . 2 0 1 2 . « S p a c e D e b r i s » . S u m e r S e s s i o n P r o g r a m ( S S P 2 0 1 2 ) : T e a m P r o j e c t R e p o r t . 1 2 1 p . .

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