IMT Surveillance and Rail Technology African Ports & Rail - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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IMT Surveillance and Rail Technology African Ports & Rail - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 24, 2022 526 likes •990 views

A-TEMP-009 -1 ISSUE 002 IMT Surveillance and Rail Technology African Ports & Rail Evolution INSTITUTE FOR MARITIME TECHNOLOGY, A DIVISION OF ARMSCOR SOC LTD Andrew Cothill Manager: Above Water & Underwater Sensors & Systems A

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A DIVISION OF ARMSCOR SOC LTD

INSTITUTE FOR MARITIME TECHNOLOGY, A DIVISION OF ARMSCOR SOC LTD

A-TEMP-009 -1 ISSUE 002

IMT Surveillance and Rail Technology

African Ports & Rail Evolution

Andrew Cothill Manager: Above Water & Underwater Sensors & Systems

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A DIVISION OF ARMSCOR SOC LTD

  • IMT Overview
  • Relevant Technologies
  • Surveillance & Keypoint Security
  • Maritime Domain Awareness
  • Ultrasonic Broken Rail Detection
  • Questions

Content

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IMT Overview

IMT is the scientific and engineering technology partner to the SA Navy. We are the Navy’s “Battle Lab” conducting relevant research and capability- building to allow us to:

  • Understand technology areas to provide the Navy with educated and objective advice.
  • Support the Navy to resolve operational deficiencies with Applied Technology &

Research.

  • Conduct independent Maritime Test and Evaluation.

IMT also provides R&D marine engineering and sciences, applied maritime technologies and utility to the South African National Defence Force (SANDF), defence industry, the Oceans Economy and other commercial clients.

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Relevant Technologies (1/5)

Radar Scan Converter Technology

  • IMT developed Radar Scan Converter digital hardware and display software. This allows

interfacing to any radar to extract the plots and track targets. This is used for Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) and can be used for other surveillance radar applications as well. Aerial Drone Intercept Technology

  • IMT is in process with a Technology Demonstrator that can detect Commercial-off-the-Shelf

(COTS) drones and deny the operator control of the drone. Requirement Analysis, System Conceptualisation and Test & Evaluation

  • Although not a technology, IMT has significant capability in this regard.

Electro-Optic (EO) Sensor Technology Demonstrators & Performance Modelling

  • Developing integrated small electro-optic sensor technology demonstrators for optimized

surveillance using Commercial-off-the-Shelf (COTS) components. Examples include harbour / area surveillance camera systems and long range identification systems. Thermal Infrared Signature Analysis and Simulation

  • IMT developed optimized software for thermal infrared signature analysis and modelling /

prediction.

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Sentry Buoy

  • A moored or free floating buoy that triggers when prescribed thresholds (e.g. acoustic) is

exceeded and then relays the information via Radio Frequency (RF). The recipient can then listen in on the audio that is sensed by the buoy. This would be suitable for protection of military or environmentally sensitive areas. Submarine Emergency Signalling & Satellite Communications Buoy

  • An Emergency Signalling Buoy was developed for release from a stranded submarine. A

message is saved on the buoy from a laptop computer via a Bluetooth link. The buoy is then released through the submarine signal ejector. On surfacing the message is transmitted via Iridium satellite to up to 5 pre-programmed emails.

  • The current enhancement is to also link the buoy to an Iridium satellite voice channel. At the

same time the buoy links to the submarine underwater telephone via an acoustic signal to establish a direct voice telephone link from the submarine to any telephone number. Retractable Autonomous Buoy

  • Development of a Shallow-Water Retractable Autonomous Buoy. The buoy will monitor and

record data from the ocean floor or predetermined depth, and rise to the surface to transmit the data. It will then retract itself autonomously.

Relevant Technologies (2/5)

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Passive Sonar Target Analysis and Classification Technology

  • Automatic Sound Classification technology is being developed to

perform sonar target sound analysis and classification to assist sonar

  • perators and shore sonar signal analysts. The continuous underwater

radiated noise as well as transient underwater noises can be analysed and classified. The algorithms are being evaluated by the SA Navy and

  • IMT. The sound analysis tools are also used for sound ranging and fault

diagnostics in the propulsion systems of naval vessels. Underwater Locator Beacon Detection Algorithms

  • A novel detection algorithm is being developed to detect the very

short pulses typical of aircraft underwater locator beacons (“Black Boxes”). The algorithms are deployed in a notebook computer that is the man machine interface of the Underwater Locator Beacon Detector demonstrator system.

Relevant Technologies (3/5)

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Semi-Autonomous Remote Operated Vehicle for Hull Scanning

  • The Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) was developed to autonomously

scan a requested section of the hull, stitching the close-up camera frames to supply a large image.

  • This requires exact automated navigation and attitude algorithms in
  • rder to scan the surface. For this purpose, underwater lasers and

image recognition algorithms were developed. Geospatial Technology Capability

  • Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies applied within

Maritime Domain Awareness.

  • Hydrographic Geospatial Technologies for the development of

Additional Military Layers for Electronic Charts. Maritime Rapid Environmental Assessment (MREA)

  • This capability / technology was developed for the South African Navy

for “The timeous collection, analysis and provision of tactically and

  • perationally useful environmental data, within a tactical time scale, to

achieve battlespace dominance”.

Relevant Technologies (4/5)

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Electric Shark Barrier

  • Under contract from the KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board an electric shark barrier was developed. The barrier consists of a

cable on the sea floor with regular spaced electrodes rising to the sea surfaces. The system emits electric pulses with a specific shape to deter sharks from entering an area. It does not influence other fish and is safe for bathers.

Relevant Technologies (5/5)

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (1/8) Harbour Surveillance System

Electro-Optic Harbour Surveillance System

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Target identification at many kilometers Identification of small boat name at a few kilometers Reading of ship names at 13km

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (2/8) Long Range IR / VIS

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (3/8) High-Definition Thermal Imaging Sensor

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (4/8) Panoramic Infrared Surveillance

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (5/8) Micro UAV (Drone) Detection

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (6/8) Laser Dazzler System

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (7/8) Underwater Surveillance

  • IMT operates a REMUS 100 AUV.
  • The REMUS 100 AUV can be configured to include a wide

variety of standard and/or customer-specified sensors and system options to meet unique autonomous mission requirements.

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Surveillance & Keypoint Security (8/8) Underwater Surveillance

  • In process with low-cost COTS-components diver detection

technology demonstrator.

  • Also evaluating Diver Detection Sonar products.
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Maritime Domain Awareness (1/12) MDA is the effective understanding of anything associated with the maritime domain that could impact the security, safety, economy, or environment of the nation. MDA is a key component of an active, layered maritime defence in depth.

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Maritime Domain Awareness (2/12)

Vistanet Ocean Shipping Traffic Monitoring System

  • Vistanet is a software system managing coastal networked

shipping traffic sensor data. IMT has been developing the software system over the past 2 decades. It performs data collection, data packing, data storage , display and

  • analysis. Shipping data is collected from sensors along the

South African coastline into a data centre and then distributed for display and analysis in various locations.

  • The uniqueness of the system lies in the mature and flexible

networking and software components.

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Maritime Domain Awareness (3/12)

Areas of Expertise

  • Sensor site evaluation
  • Digital integration of sensors

and data sources

  • Manage sensor networks
  • Develop data management

software systems

  • Develop data display software

systems

  • Install data display centres
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Maritime Domain Awareness (4/12)

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TACTICAL MOBILE RADAR - DARLING

Maritime Domain Awareness (5/12)

RADAR SURFACE PLOT

IMT developed Radar Scan Converter digital hardware and display software. This allows interfacing to any radar to extract the plots and track targets.

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Maritime Domain Awareness (6/12)

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Maritime Domain Awareness (7/12)

VIDEO WALL IN MDA CENTRE

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EFFECTIVE USE OF SCARCE PATROL ASSETS

Maritime Domain Awareness (8/12)

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Maritime Domain Awareness (9/12)

1. Fishing Vessel 2. SA Navy Submarine 3. Cargo Vessel 1 2 3

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Encryption

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Maritime Domain Awareness (10/12)

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Maritime Domain Awareness (11/12)

Optical Integration

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28 Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) Layer in collaboration with the SANHO exactEarth Satellite AIS Service displayed with permission from Esri South Africa

WECDIS Integration

Maritime Domain Awareness (12/12)

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UBRD (1/15)

Introduction to Ultrasonic Broken Rail Detector Technology Broken rails are considered the most common cause of derailments by some (Liu et al; 2008).

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UBRD (2/15)

Introduction to Ultrasonic Broken Rail Detector Technology An Indian newspaper article posted a few years ago mentioned that as many as 400 rail inspectors are killed annually during visual rail inspections at night.

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UBRD (3/15)

Introduction to Ultrasonic Broken Rail Detector Technology Introduction: UBRD System in South Africa

  • High incidence of derailments due to rail breaks on South African heavy haul tracks led to UBRD

system development since 1996.

  • Overvaal tunnel (coal line) installation operational since 2009.
  • Large-scale roll-out on ore line completed in June 2014.
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UBRD (4/15)

System Description

  • Operates by virtue of pitch-catch principle => rail is excited with ultrasonic wave at one

position, and monitored some distance away for arrival of this wave.

  • Permanently installed piezo-electric transducers at interleaved transmitter and receiver

stations.

  • Alarm status is relayed to an alarm terminal via the GSM Network, Fibre Network or Radio.
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UBRD (5/15)

System Description Long-range transmission achieved by selection of a specific propagation mode.

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UBRD (6/15)

System Description

  • Ultrasonic Transducers clamped to rail using

heavy duty spring clamps.

  • Rail clamp mechanism proved to be very

reliable.

  • No adjustment required.
  • Robust ultrasonic transducer.
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UBRD (7/15)

System Description Filtering and a number of logic operators are applied to ensure that only valid signals are recognised by receivers. Challenges faced included:

  • Protection against lightning and surges.
  • Transducer cable design and reliability.
  • Self-test and diagnostics to recognize and report equipment failures (rather than

false alarms).

  • Electronics reliability.
  • GSM network issues.
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UBRD (8/15)

Current Installations & Performance – Version 4 South Africa:

  • Sections of Transnet Freight Lines.
  • Longest section 841km single track; 931 units at 890

meter separation (averaged).

  • Alarm communication via GSM network and digital

radios in dark areas.

  • Solar power supplies.

India:

  • Test installations currently under evaluation.
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UBRD (9/15)

Current Installations & Performance – Version 4 Special solar panel and antenna mounting => fitted under live o/h power lines.

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UBRD (10/15)

Current Installations & Performance – Version 4 Alarm Terminal Display

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UBRD (11/15)

Current Installations & Performance – Version 4 Installation Performance:

  • System stability (absence of false alarms) is now

reported as being excellent.

  • Latest official System Availability figure = 99%

(disregarding removed and vandalised units).

  • 841 km installation maintained by a few

technicians.

  • About 17 breaks detected.
  • Prevented a catastrophic tunnel derailment.
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UBRD (12/15)

Version 5 Upgrade

  • Modern digital signal processing integrated circuit current consumption has been reduced => can

now be employed using solar power.

  • New measurement techniques and modelling tools were used to re-design and optimise the

ultrasonic transducer.

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UBRD (13/15)

Version 5 Upgrade

  • System upgrade nearing completion, currently undergoing field tests.
  • Enables operation over twice the distance previously possible (1800 meters).
  • Transducers much smaller and fitted to the rail inside using epoxy.
  • Speed of rail interrogation an order of magnitude faster => system is now suitable for high-train-rate

metro systems.

  • Synchronisation of units using radio further enhances performance.
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UBRD (14/15)

Future Planning

  • Pulse-Echo techniques to detect defects up to 1000 meters away have been demonstrated

successfully.

  • Paves the way for Rail Condition Monitoring whereby defects can be monitored as they develop.
  • Potential to revolutionise maintenance planning and management.
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UBRD (15/15)

Summary

  • Ultrasonic Broken Rail Detection technology => viable proposition for continuous-welded freight

rails.

  • Suitable for non-complex rail structures.
  • UBRD system successfully rolled out on a large scale in South Africa.
  • Increased operating distance and speed of operation achieved with the Version 5 system.
  • Pulse-Echo techniques complimenting broken rail detection => tremendous promise for Rail

Condition Monitoring (Condition-Based Maintenance).

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THANK YOU