Impact of Meteorological Impact of Meteorological A Anomalies on - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Impact of Meteorological Impact of Meteorological A Anomalies on Forest Anomalies on Forest A li li F F t t Productivity in East Asia Productivity in East Asia Productivity in East Asia Productivity in East Asia Nobuko Saigusa National Institute for Environmental Studies (AsiaFlux Tsukuba Office) Tsukuba, Japan

a regional network in FLUXNET a regional network in FLUXNET for monitoring CO 2 , H 2 O, and Contents energy exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere 1. Potential of integrative use of AsiaFlux observation network 2. Impact of meteorological anomalies on p g gross primary productivity in East Asia

AsiaFlux: a regional network in FLUXNET http://www.asiaflux.net/ http://www asiaflux net/ O Organization i ti  Chair: J Kim (Korea)  Vise chairs: A Miyata (Japan)  Vise-chairs: A Miyata (Japan) Y Guirui (China) Sites in Asia Sit i A i  No. of registered sites: 77  National (regional) networks:  National (regional) networks: ChinaFlux, JapanFlux, KoFlux, TaiwanFlux, ThaiFlux, (India),… ( ) Activities  Workshop Training course  Workshop, Training course  Educational materials  Web site, Mailing list Sites in Japan p Web site, Mailing list  Database Sites in  Newsletter (4 issues/year) SE Asia

AsiaFlux Database http://www asiaflux net http://www.asiaflux.net /datapolicy.html  Started in 2007  23 sites, 89 site-year data Location of sites

JapanFlux: a national network in AsiaFlux JapanFlux, JaLTER, JAXA & JAMSTEC select several common sites to share data and technical skills for advanced multi scale long term and consistent advanced multi-scale, long-term, and consistent ecosystem observations on the ground and from space. (Oct. 2008) Japan Aerospace Exploration Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Japan Long-Term Ecological Research Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM)

Long-term monitoring of energy, water vapor, CO 2 fluxes by p y 2 micrometeorological method Diurnal variation 1 ) 1 ) 2000 2000 光の強さ 光の強さ 光の強さ 光の強さ PPFD (li ht) PPFD (light) ( μ mol m -2 s - ( μ mol m -2 s - 1500 1500 Seasonal variation 岐阜県の 岐阜県の 1000 1000 60 60 1994-2003 年の平均 1994-2003 年の平均 10-year average 森林の例 森林の例 光の強さ 光の強さ PPFD 500 500 m -2 d -1 ) m -2 d -1 ) (1994-2003) 0 0 40 40 R (mol m R (mol m 岐阜県 岐阜県 岐阜県 岐阜県 昼 昼 昼 昼 夜 夜 夜 夜 昼 昼 昼 昼 夜 夜 夜 夜 昼 昼 昼 昼 5 5 5 5 5 5 5.5 5.5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6.5 6.5 6 5 6 5 7 7 7 7 7.5 7 5 7.5 7 5 8 8 8 8 ( ( -500 -500 森林の 森林の 20 20 60 60 l m -2 s -1 ) l m -2 s -1 ) CO 2 uptake PA PA 二酸化炭素吸収量 二酸化炭素吸収量 40 40 uptake 吸収 吸収 0 0 6 6 CO 2 uptake CO 2 uptake 20 20 二酸化炭素吸収量 二酸化炭素吸収量 酸化炭素吸収量 酸化炭素吸収量 ) ) -1 -1 ( μ mo ( μ mo 4 4 -2 d -2 d uptake 吸収 吸収 0 0 EP ( gC m EP ( gC m release 5 5 5.5 5.5 6 6 6.5 6.5 7 7 7.5 7.5 8 8 放出 放出 2 2 -20 -20 6 7 8 Jul. 2002 2002 年 7 月 6 日 2002 年 7 月 6 日 7 月 7 日 7 月 7 日 7 月 8 日 7 月 8 日 0 0 N N 0 0 50 50 100 100 150 150 200 200 250 250 300 300 350 350 release 放出 放出 放出 放出 I t Inter-annual variation l i ti -2 -2 2 2 (Month) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 月 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 月 budget Gross primary gC m -2 ) 1000 production yr -1 ) Annual C-b (gC m -2 y 間炭素収支 (g E Ecosystem respiration 500 Net ecosystem Net ecosystem 年間 Birch-Oak forest O f production (net C-uptake) (Takayama) 0 (Year) 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Saigusa, et al . (2002, 2005) Agric For Meteorol

Ground-based ecological research g Japan Long-Term Ecological Research Ecological Research Tree census C Canopy structure t t Spatial distribution of Vertical dominant tress profile of in 1-ha plot in 1 ha plot L Leaf Area f A ( (Takayama) y ) Sakai et al . Sakai et al . (2005) Ecol Res Leaf- & canopy-scale photosynthesis Leaf- & canopy-scale photosynthesis Spatial distribution of Gross Primary Production Canopy trees Forest floor Muraoka & Koizumi Muraoka et al . (2010) (2005) Agric For Meteorol Sakai et al . (2005) Ecol Res J Plant Res

Verification of net C-uptake by comparison between micromet- & biometric-methods Year-to-year change in Micromet Biometric C-budget components g p net C-uptake Seasonal pattern of net C-uptake 10 1999 1 ) 2002 2002 (gC m -2 d -1 5 NEP ( 0 Birch-Oak forest (Takayama) Micromet-method -5 5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Day of Year Ohtsuka, Saigusa, Koizumi (2009) Global Change Biol

Long-term monitoring of p phenology and spectral reflectance gy p Advanced validation for lid ti f satellite remote se s sensing g Phenological Eyes Network (PEN) http://pen.agbi.tsukuba.ac.jp Enhanced Vegetation Index observed by spectral radiometers 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Nagai et al. (2010) Agric For Meteorol Day of year

Monitoring of C-budget after artificial and natural disturbances at three larch forests Teshio Clear-cut & plantation in 2003 (Hokkaido Univ., NIES, Hokkaido Electric P Power Co., Inc.) C I ) Tomakomai Mature larch 2000 ～ 2004 M t l h 2000 2004 Hokkaido Hokkaido F ji Fuji Fuji-Hokuroku Global Environmental Global Environmental Mature larch 2006 ～ Monitoring (NIES) Monitoring (NIES)

Monitoring of C-budget after artificial and natural disturbances at three larch forests Teshio Clear-cut & plantation in 2003 (Hokkaido Univ., NIES, Hokkaido Electric P Power Co., Inc.) C I ) Typhoon Sep. 2004 Tomakomai Tomakomai Hokkaido Hokkaido F ji Fuji Fuji-Hokuroku Global Environmental Global Environmental Mature larch 2006 ～ Monitoring (NIES) Monitoring (NIES)

Monitoring of C-budget after artificial and natural disturbances at three larch forests Teshio Naturally regrowing Clear-cut & plantation in 2003 (Hokkaido Univ., NIES, Hokkaido Electric P Power Co., Inc.) C I ) Tomakomai 2005 ～ T k i 2005 Hokkaido Hokkaido F ji Fuji Fuji-Hokuroku Global Environmental Global Environmental Mature larch 2006 ～ Monitoring (NIES) Monitoring (NIES)

Monitoring of C-budget after artificial and natural disturbances at three larch forests 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Fuji-Hokuroku Tomakomai up 20 ptake 20 20 GPP Hirata et al . (2007) Agic For Meteorol GPP 15 RE 15 RE NEP 10 NEP 10 Mature -2 d -1 -2 d -1 5 larch forest larch forest 5 gC m m - m gC m 0 0 -5 -5 rele -10 -10 ease -15 15 -15 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2006 2007 2008 2000/1 2001/1 2002/1 2003/1 2004/1 20 Takagi et al . (2009) GPP (total GPP Teshio 15 15 Global Change Biol Global Change Biol photo- photo RE RE synthesis) NEP 10 -2 d -1 5 NEP (net gC m C-uptake) 0 g -5 RE (total -10 respiration) -15 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Mature Young Clear-cut Plantation larch mixed forest forest