EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING LESSONS FROM STRONG EARTHQUAKES RELATED TO - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
earthquake engineering lessons from strong
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING LESSONS FROM STRONG EARTHQUAKES RELATED TO - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dec 25, 2022 454 likes •1.5k views

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING LESSONS FROM STRONG EARTHQUAKES RELATED TO ADVANCED WAYS FOR SEISMIC RISK MITIGATIONS G. Rodolfo Saragoni Universidad de Chile THE 2010 CHILE, Mw=8.8 EARTHQUAKE G. Rodolfo Saragoni Universidad de Chile CIRCUMPACIFIC

slide-1
SLIDE 1
  • G. Rodolfo Saragoni

Universidad de Chile

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING LESSONS FROM STRONG EARTHQUAKES RELATED TO ADVANCED WAYS FOR SEISMIC RISK MITIGATIONS

slide-2
SLIDE 2
  • G. Rodolfo Saragoni

Universidad de Chile

THE 2010 CHILE, Mw=8.8 EARTHQUAKE

slide-3
SLIDE 3

CIRCUMPACIFIC SEISMICITY

slide-4
SLIDE 4

CIRCUMPACIFIC SUBDUCTION

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Placa Sudamericana

Placa de Nazca

SUBDUCTION OF NAZCA PLATE UNDER SOUTH AMERICA PLATE

slide-6
SLIDE 6

SUBDUCTION PLATE INTERACTION

slide-7
SLIDE 7

TYPES OF EARTHQUAKES

  • INTERPLATE THRUST SUBDUCTION EARTHQUAKES

(CHILE 2010 EARTHQUAKE)

  • INTRAPLATE SUBDUCTION EARTHQUAKES
  • CORTICAL EARTHQUAKES (SUPERFICIAL RELATED

WITH FAULTS)

  • STRIKE SLIP FAULT DUE TO INTERPLATE

INTERACTION (MAGALLANES FAGNANO FAULT)

slide-8
SLIDE 8

LARGE SUBDUCTION EARTHQUAKES

slide-9
SLIDE 9

Mw = -0.089·T+0.134·V+7.96 TSUNAMIS

slide-10
SLIDE 10

COMPARISON WITH L’AQUILA EARTHQUAKE

CHILE 2010

L’AQUILA 2009

450 KM 200 KM 26 KM 11 KM

slide-11
SLIDE 11

THE STUDY OF THE EARTHQUAKE IS DIVIDED IN THREE STAGES:

  • PRESEISMIC
  • COSEISMIC
  • POSTSEISMIC
slide-12
SLIDE 12

PRESEISMIC STAGE

slide-13
SLIDE 13

THE SEISMIC GAP SOUTH OF MATANZAS

slide-14
SLIDE 14

THE EARTHQUAKE WILL BE MAGNITUDE 8.0 – 8.3 SIMILAR TO TALCA EARTHQUAKE OF 1928

slide-15
SLIDE 15

Talca Earthquake 1928 (Sanhueza y Astroza)

slide-16
SLIDE 16

THE EARTHQUAKE WOULD BE CHARACTERIZED BY:

  • TO BE THE ONE WHICH MORE AFFECT THE TALL

BUILDINGS IN SANTIAGO (CAPITAL OF CHILE)

  • TO PRODUCE THE COLLAPSE OF MOST OF

ADOBE STRUCTURES IN COLCHAGUA PROVINCE

  • A MODERATE TSUNAMI
  • A 500 Km RUPTURE
slide-17
SLIDE 17

STUDY OF PISCO EARTHQUAKE, PERU 2007, Mw=7.9 EFECTS ON HIGHRISE BUILDINGS

slide-18
SLIDE 18

EFFECTS ON HIGHRISE BUILDINGS

Miraflores Building 17 Story, Lima

slide-19
SLIDE 19
slide-20
SLIDE 20
slide-21
SLIDE 21
slide-22
SLIDE 22

EFFECT OF NEW TALCA EARTHQUAKE IN SANTIAGO

PERFORMANCE DESING

slide-23
SLIDE 23

ACELEROGRAFIC INSTRUMENTATION

slide-24
SLIDE 24

INSTRUMENTATION U. DE CHILE RENADIC

slide-25
SLIDE 25

COSEISMIC STAGE

slide-26
SLIDE 26

CHARACTERISTICS OF Mw =8.8 EARTHQUAKE

Epicenter Cobquecura 35.909ºS 73.733ºW Depth 35Km Deaths 430 Losses US 30.000.000.000 (U$10.000.000.000) Duration 2,5 minutes Maximun Mercalli Intensity IX (Low Constitución) Bilateral Rupture, Dominant to the North Important Tsunami Surface faulting was activated

slide-27
SLIDE 27

Rupture Length Similar to Concepcion 1835 Earthquake NO to Talca 1928 Earthquake

slide-28
SLIDE 28
slide-29
SLIDE 29

USGS

CHILE 2010 EARTHQUAKE

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Asperities

slide-31
SLIDE 31
slide-32
SLIDE 32

Asperity cartoon (Sholz, 1990)

slide-33
SLIDE 33

L’AQUILA 2009 Mw=6.3

slide-34
SLIDE 34

TOCOPILLA 2007, M=7.7

slide-35
SLIDE 35

Coseismic Displacement

slide-36
SLIDE 36

INTENSITIES MSK, CHILE 2010 EARTHQUAKE

slide-37
SLIDE 37

COLAPSO DEL ADOBE

slide-38
SLIDE 38

TSUNAMI

slide-39
SLIDE 39

JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLAND

slide-40
SLIDE 40

TALCAHUANO

slide-41
SLIDE 41

TSUNAMI HEIGTS

slide-42
SLIDE 42

INSTRUMENTATION

slide-43
SLIDE 43

RECORDED ACCELEROGRAMS

  • MANY ACCELEROGRAMS RECORDED

IN SANTIAGO AT GROUND LEVEL, HIGH RISE BUILDINGS, BRIDGES, ISOLATED BUILDINGS and METRO.

  • RECORDED ACCELEROGRAMS AT

GROUND LEVEL IN THE MOST DAMAGE CITIES

slide-44
SLIDE 44

RECORDED ACCELEROGRAMS

slide-45
SLIDE 45

RECORDED ACCELEROGRAMS

slide-46
SLIDE 46
slide-47
SLIDE 47
slide-48
SLIDE 48
slide-49
SLIDE 49

DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS

  • THREE BUILDINGS COLLAPSED:

ONE IN CONCEPCION TWO IN SANTIAGO

slide-50
SLIDE 50

Alto Río - Concepción

slide-51
SLIDE 51

DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS

slide-52
SLIDE 52

DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS

slide-53
SLIDE 53

DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS

slide-54
SLIDE 54

DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS

  • MOST BUILDINGS DESIGNED

ACCORDING TO SEISMIC CHILEAN CODE Nch 433 “SEISMIC DESIGN OF BUILDINGS” PERFORMED WELL WITHOUT COLLAPSE

slide-55
SLIDE 55

DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS

  • THERE ARE SOME HIGH RISE

BUILDINGS WITH STRUCTURAL DAMAGE

slide-56
SLIDE 56

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FAILURE OF THE HIGHRISE BUILDINGS

slide-57
SLIDE 57

HORIZONTAL FAILURE STRIPE IN BASEMENT WALLS

slide-58
SLIDE 58

HORIZONTAL FAILURE STRIPE IN BASEMENT WALLS

slide-59
SLIDE 59

HORIZONTAL FAILURE STRIPE IN BASEMENT WALLS

slide-60
SLIDE 60

HORIZONTAL FAILURE STRIPE IN BASEMENT WALLS

slide-61
SLIDE 61

HEAD OF THE WALL IN THE ZONE OF HORIZONTAL FAILURE STRIPE

slide-62
SLIDE 62

HEAD OF THE WALL IN THE ZONE OF HORIZONTAL FAILURE STRIPE

slide-63
SLIDE 63

HEAD OF THE WALL IN THE ZONE OF HORIZONTAL FAILURE STRIPE

slide-64
SLIDE 64

CABEZAL DE MURO FALLADO INCEPIENTEMENTE: CON FALLA HORIZONTAL INCIPIENTE, MOSTRANDO GRIETA HORIZONTAL ,DESCASCARAMIENTO EN EL CABEZAL Y PANDEO DE BARRAS VERTICALES (EDIFICIO DECLARADO INHABITABLE)

slide-65
SLIDE 65

FAILURE WITHOUT COMPRESION WITHOUT COVER SPOILING

slide-66
SLIDE 66

FAILURE IN UPPER SLABS

slide-67
SLIDE 67

EFFECT OF VERTICAL ACCELEROGRAMS PULSE ON WALL FAILURE

slide-68
SLIDE 68
slide-69
SLIDE 69
slide-70
SLIDE 70
slide-71
SLIDE 71

DAMAGE TO BRIDGES

  • MOST OF THE BRIDGES DESIGNED

ACCORDING TO CHILEAN CODE FOR BRIDGES PERFORMED WELL

slide-72
SLIDE 72
slide-73
SLIDE 73
slide-74
SLIDE 74
slide-75
SLIDE 75

DAMAGE TO BRIDGES

  • FEW BRIDGES DO NOT DESIGN

ACCORDING TO CHILEAN CODE COLLAPSE

slide-76
SLIDE 76
slide-77
SLIDE 77

SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR

  • CHILE HAS TWO RESEARCH NUCLEAR

REACTORS IN SANTIAGO, BOTH PERFORMED WELL DURING THE EARTHQUAKE.

  • THE REACTORS ARE:
  • LA REINA IN OPERATION
  • LO AGUIRRE DISCONTINUED
slide-78
SLIDE 78

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LA REINA UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.2 – 0.3 g)

slide-79
SLIDE 79

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LO AGUIRRE - SANTIAGO UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.3 g).

slide-80
SLIDE 80

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LA REINA UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.2 – 0.3 g)

slide-81
SLIDE 81

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LA REINA UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.2 – 0.3 g)

slide-82
SLIDE 82

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LA REINA UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.2 – 0.3 g). REACTOR BARS

slide-83
SLIDE 83

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LA REINA UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.2 – 0.3 g). REACTOR BARS

slide-84
SLIDE 84

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LO AGUIRRE - SANTIAGO UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.3 g).

CONNECTIONS BETWEEN MAIN AND SECONDARY BUILDINGS

slide-85
SLIDE 85

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR LO AGUIRRE - SANTIAGO UNDAMAGED (PGA = 0.3 g). CONNECTIONS BETWEEN MAIN AND SECONDARY BUILDINGS LOOSE CONCRETE IN ANCHOR BOLTS

slide-86
SLIDE 86

CONVERSION LAB.

slide-87
SLIDE 87

FUEL ELEMENTS

slide-88
SLIDE 88

SAND LICUEFACTION

slide-89
SLIDE 89

¿IS THE 2010 EARTHQUAKE THE LARGEST THAT AFFECTS SANTIAGO OR IS THE 1730 EARTHQUAKE?

slide-90
SLIDE 90

PERFORMANCE OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS

slide-91
SLIDE 91

SAN FRANCISCO CHURCH

slide-92
SLIDE 92

SAN FRANCISCO CHURCH

slide-93
SLIDE 93

SAN FRANCISCO CHURCH

slide-94
SLIDE 94

WOULD NOT BE THE LARGEST EARTHQUAKE

slide-95
SLIDE 95

CONCEPT OF FULLY OPERATIONAL AFTER EARTHQUAKE

slide-96
SLIDE 96

METRO DE SANTIAGO

slide-97
SLIDE 97

METRO DE SANTIAGO

slide-98
SLIDE 98

AEROPORT

slide-99
SLIDE 99

CAMARA CHILENA DE LA CONSTRUCCION BUILDING

slide-100
SLIDE 100

POSTSEISMIC STAGE

slide-101
SLIDE 101

CONCLUSIONS

  • IN GENERAL THE CHILEAN SEISMIC CODE

NCh 433 OF. 96 “SEISMIC DESIGN OF BUILDINGS” PERFORMED WELL IN REGARD OF LIVE PROTECTION CRITERIA. ONLY 3 BUILDINGS COLLAPSED

  • LOW BUILDINGS AND CONFINED MASONRY

HOUSES PERFORMED EXCELLENT

  • A LITTLE NUMBER BUT IMPORTANT OF

HIGH RISE BUILDINGS COULD COLLAPSE IF THE EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE WOULD BE TO THE SOUTH DUE TO DOPPLER EFFECT

  • ADOBE HOUSES HAD POOR PERFORMANCE

MOST OF THEM COLLAPSED

slide-102
SLIDE 102
  • THE BRIDGES DESIGNED ACCORDING TO CHILEAN

SEISMIC GUIDE HAD AN EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE

  • THE FEW BRIDGES AND PEDESTRIAN

OVERPASSES THAT COLLAPSED WERE NOT DESIGNED ACCORDING TO THE SEISMIC GUIDE

  • ACCELEROGRAMS FOR Mw=8.8 EARTHQUAKE

WERE OBTAINED FOR FIRST TIME AT WORLD

  • LEVEL. THESE RECORDS WILL BE MATTER OF

FUTURE STUDIES

  • POSSIBLE CHANGE OF THE PARADIGM FOR

BUILDING DESIGN FROM “LIVE PROTECTION” TO “CONTINUITY OF OPERATION”

  • LIQUEFACTION WAS OBSERVED IN MOST OF THE

AFFECTED AREA

  • MANY SURFACE FAULTS WERE ACTIVETED BY THE

EARTHQUAKE

slide-103
SLIDE 103
  • IMPORTANT DAMAGE AND NUMBER OF

VICTIMS WAS MAINLY DUE TO TSUNAMI AND ADOBE HOUSE COLLAPSES

  • THE TWO RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTORS

IN SANTIAGO PERFORMED UNCRACKED FOR THE Mw=8.8 CHILEAN EARTHQUAKE.

  • THE PGA MEASURED IN SANTIAGO IN STIFF

SOIL WAS 0.2-0.3g