Cutting Out the Middle Fish Marine Microalgae as the Next - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Cutting Out the Middle Fish Marine Microalgae as the Next Sustainable Omega-3 and Protein Source Isaac Berzin Algaennovation S trandbúnaður 2018, Grand Hótel Reykjavík, 19.-20. mars.

CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Protein demand CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

More mouths to feed 9.7B by 2050 http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/news/population/2015-report.html CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

2030 With a growing appetite (projected) http://www.fao.org/docrep/me eting/025/md883E.pdf; http://www.fao.org/docrep/0 2012 19/i3640e/i3640e.pdf 1960 37 Kg/capita 26 Kg/capita 10 Kg/capita 20 Kg/capita 10 Kg/capita 36 Kg/capita CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Protein supply CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Marine protein supply o Of the 600 marine fish stocks monitored by the FAO in 2013: • 58 percent are fully exploited, with no expected room for further expansion • 31 percent are over-exploited at unsustainable One of the World's Biggest Fisheries Is on the Verge of Collapse Major disputes in the South China Sea are putting critical habitat — and the food supply of millions — at risk September 9, 2016 http://www.fao.org/fishery/sofia/en CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Terrestrial protein supply Fresh H 2 O Fertile Land Footprint Footprint Beef Beef 13 .4 17,000 m 2 /Kg/year Liter/Kg http://waterfootprint.org/media/downloads/Report-48-WaterFootprint-AnimalProducts-Vol1.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/srep26074 CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

The scientific community knows it CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

The investment community knows it CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Entrepreneurs know it CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

The narrative: “ Made fr le ” from om pl plants ts is is mo more sustai ustainab nable CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Is that necessarily so? CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Essential Amino Acids (EAAs) o Amino acids are the building blocks of protein o Nine of the twenty-two amino acids that make up human proteins cannot be synthesized by adults, and a tenth cannot be made by children - These are called essential amino acids (EAAs). o EAAs determine food quality as a protein source. CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Land annual 6 Beef productivity 7 g EAA/m 2 2 g EAA/m 2 8 Seabream g EAA/m 2 Pork 147,252 Peas g EAA/m 2 Liter/Kg EAA 15 Beef g EAA/m 2 Seabream Chicken 81,291 66 Liter/Kg EAA Peas g EAA/m 2 Soybeans 74,592 Soybeans Pork Nanno 42 Liter/Kg EAA Liter/Kg EAA Chicken 8,997 Liter/Kg EAA 666 63,097 Fresh water Liter/Kg EAA 36,246 g EAA/m 2 Liter/Kg EAA footprint http://waterfootprint.org/media/downloads/Report-48-WaterFootprint-AnimalProducts-Vol1.pdf http://www.nature.com/articles/srep26074 CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Nannochloropis Oculata composition NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION High nutritional content Protein Carbohydrate Minerals Fat Other • Protein and peptides 2% • Fats - including omega-3 fatty acids 15% • Carbohydrate - fiber, sugar and polysaccharides 40% • Minerals - including trace minerals • Other - chlorophyll, carotenoids 14% 29% CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Nannochloropsis protein profile Amino acids % Amino acids % Essential Non-Essential Arginine 6 Alanine 3 Histidine 2 Aspartic acid 11 PRDA highlights: • Balanced amino acid profile Isoleucine 4 Cystine 1 • Relatively high in BCAA ’ s Leucine 9 Glutamic acid 10 Lysine 8 Glycine 6 Methionine 2 Hydroxyproline <1 Phenylalanine 5 Proline 6 Threonine 5 Serine 4 Valine 6 Tyrosine 3 Representative amino acid distribution on 100% protein basis Bold are Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAA ’ s ) CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Are all microalgae made equal? CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

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The bottom line o Global trend towards sustainable feed/food • Proteins and Omega-3 main ingredients of interest o Sustainability depends on both nutritional profile and cultivation technology o Why Iceland? CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

Sustainable and Cutting-edge Proactive Business cost-effective Research and and Corporate Inputs: Engineering culture Electricity, cold/hot H 2 O, waste heat, CO 2 CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY

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CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY