Crystal structures Budapest 9-11 April 2019 2 nd ARIES annual - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Crystal structures Budapest 9-11 April 2019 2 nd ARIES annual - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Fibre optic sensors based on Colloidal Crystal structures Budapest 9-11 April 2019 2 nd ARIES annual meeting Michele GIORDANO CNR 1 ARIES is co-funded by the European Commission Grant Agreement number 73087 Learning from Nature... Photonic

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ARIES is co-funded by the European Commission Grant Agreement number 73087

Fibre optic sensors based on Colloidal Crystal structures

Michele GIORDANO CNR

Budapest 9-11 April 2019 2nd ARIES annual meeting

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Learning from Nature...

The color is due to the refraction of light in the periodic structure. Inspired by these biological displays from Nature, PhC have been developed as chromatic materials.

Photonic materials with structural color exist in Nature.

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Structural Colors as Photonic Crystal Structure

Photonic crystal (PhC) is a structure in which the refractive index has a periodic modulation on scales comparable with the wavelength of the light.

Many organism have the ability to tune their response to surrounding environment.

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Photonic Crystal Structure: tuning parameters

Combination of Snell’s and Bragg’s Law

Parameters space where

πœ‡ = 8 3 𝑒 π‘œ2 βˆ’ π‘‘π‘—π‘œ2 πœ„

1/2

π‘œ2 = π‘œπ‘‘π‘žβ„Žπ‘“π‘ π‘“π‘‘

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π‘Š

π‘‘π‘žβ„Žπ‘“π‘ π‘“π‘‘ + π‘œπ‘›π‘π‘’π‘ π‘—π‘¦ 2

π‘Š

𝑛𝑏𝑒𝑠𝑗𝑦

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Photonic Crystal Structure: opal

Building blocks Building blocks assembly in

  • pals
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Fiber Optic probes

Xenon Light source (OceanOptics HPX- 2000 185-2000nm) Optical spectrum analyzer (OceanOptics, HR 2000+) UV-VIS multimode fiber optic Dcore=200 Β΅m Dcladding=240 Β΅m

core n1 cladding n2 <n1

Light transmission through a fiber optic: Total internal reflection

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Fiber Tip Optical Sensors

Fiber optic

Injected light Reflecting ligth

Fiber optic

Injected light Reflecting ligth

Fiber optic

Injected light Reflecting ligth

Bare Fiber Opals Fabry-Perot

π‘œπ‘•π‘šπ‘π‘‘π‘‘ = 1.45 π‘œπ‘π‘—π‘  = 1 π‘œπ‘•π‘šπ‘π‘‘π‘‘ = 1.45 π‘œπ‘šπ‘π‘§π‘“π‘  = 1.44 π‘œπ‘π‘—π‘  = 1 π‘œπ‘•π‘šπ‘π‘‘π‘‘ = 1.45 π‘œπ‘‡π‘žβ„Žπ‘“π‘ π‘“π‘‘ = 1.59 π‘œπ‘π‘—π‘  = 1 π‘œπ‘“π‘”π‘” = π‘”π‘œπ‘‡π‘žβ„Žπ‘“π‘ π‘“π‘‘ + + 1 βˆ’ 𝑔 π‘œπ‘π‘—π‘  = 1.44 𝑔 = 0.74

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PS d = 120 nm PS d = 230 nm PS d = 300 nm

Synthesis of Optical Nanospheres: Polystyrene

Synthesis of Polystyrene (PS) nanospheres via batch emulsion polymerization.

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Synthesis of Optical Nanospheres Polymethymetacrylate

Synthesis of Polymethymetacrylate (PMMA) nanospheres via batch emulsion polymerization.

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Core-shell d = 350 nm

Synthesis of Optical Nanospheres: Hydro phobic/philic core-shell

Synthesis of poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) (Poly(St-MMA- AA))Core-Shell nanospheres via batch emulsion polymerization. PS

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Synthesis of Optical Nanospheres: hybrid hydrogel/polystyrene

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Synthesis of Optical Nanospheres: magnetic spheres (batch)

Crystallised Magnetite sphere Magnetite/PS spheres by batch process Magnetite/PS spheres by microfluidic process Magnetite cluster sphere

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Self-assembled colloidal photonic crystal on the fiber optic tip

A new, simple and low cost approach is based on a 3D photonic crystal (PhC) structure deposited on the tip of a multimode optical fiber through the self- assembly of colloidal crystals (CCs) via a vertical deposition technique.

The colloidal crystal is made of polystyrene (PS) nanospheres with d= 200 nm

GIORDANO, et al. Self-assembled colloidal photonic crystal on the fiber optic tip as a sensing probe. IEEE Photonics Journal, 2017, 9.2: 1-11.

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Label Free optical biosensing at femtomolar detection limit

A new on-fiber biosensor based on functionalized photonic crystal (PhC) has been developed. We evaluated the performance of the biosensor using a standard streptavidin-biotin binding system. When SA in physisorbed to the PS nanospheres, the reflectance maximum shift to 502 nm meaning that SA proteins were stably attached to PS beads’ surfaces.

GIORDANO, et al. Label-free optical biosensing at femtomolar detection limit. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2018, 255: 1097-1104.

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Label Free optical biosensing at femtomolar detection limit

The minimum detectable concentration of bBSA is 1,5 fM.

GIORDANO, et al. Label-free optical biosensing at femtomolar detection limit. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2018, 255: 1097-1104.

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Fiber Optic Humidity sensing by a Responsive Photonic Crystal

Fiber optic probes SEM images: (a) PS based probe and (b, c, d) PS- PNIPAM core shell probes at different magnifications and taken in different zones Reflected spectra of the probe as a function of the relative humidity. Probes manufacturing and testing

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Synthesis of SERS nanoprobes: Au decorated PS nanospheres

500 nm

PS

PS-Au The simultaneous use of Metal-Dielectric Colloidal Crystals combines the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble metallic nanoparticles (Au) and the Photonic Bandgap from the colloidal assembly

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Cryocooler testing of Colloidal Crystals fibre optic sensor @CERN

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Collaboration

  • Cryo temperature
  • Biosensing
  • Humidity sensing
  • SERS probes
  • Working on Magnetic Responsive Photonic Crystals

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