Creating Global Resiliency: The Ecological Case for Native Seeds - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Creating Global Resiliency: The Ecological Case for Native Seeds - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Creating Global Resiliency: The Ecological Case for Native Seeds 2017 National Native Seed Conference Washington, DC February 15, 2017 Cristina Eisenberg, PhD Earthwatch Chief Scientist Smithsonian Research Associate Oregon State University

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Creating Global Resiliency: The Ecological Case for Native Seeds

Cristina Eisenberg, PhD Earthwatch Chief Scientist Smithsonian Research Associate Oregon State University 2017 National Native Seed Conference Washington, DC February 15, 2017

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Thinking Globally

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The Ecological Case for Native Seeds

The Challenge Global Change Native Plants and Ecosystem Services Native Plants and Resilience Genotypic Security It Takes a Village: Developing Sustainable Native Plant Strategies

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The Challenge

http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/

Meeting the growing needs

  • f humanity in a rapidly

changing world.

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April 22, 1970 The First Earth Day Poster by Ralph Kelly The Challenge

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UN SDGs: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/ 25 September 2015

The Challenge: UN Sustainable Development Goals

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  • Large-scale disturbances
  • Invasive plant species
  • Altered wildfire regimes
  • Habitat modification
  • Land overuse
  • Climate change

The Challenge: Stressors Affecting Native Plants Globally

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Why Plants Matter: The Trophic Pyramid

Plants, called Primary Producers, are the foundation of life on Earth. “Without plants, there is no life.”

UN Global Strategy for Plant Conservation 2011-2020

Native plant species have tremendous impact on whole food webs, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration.

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Ecosystem Services

EPA https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/ecosystem-services-enviroatlas

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Native Plants and Ecosystem Services

Waste treatment Flood prevention Water purification Carbon sequestration

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Nature’s Infrastructure: Native Plants and Ecosystem Services

High Line, New York City

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Uses for Native Plants

Royal Botanical Gardens Kew State of the World’s Plants 2016 https://stateoftheworldsplants.com/

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NOAA 2008

Projected Temperature Changes

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Green Plants in the Red: Global Threats

Brummitt et al. 2015 PLOS One A Baseline Global IUCN Assessment

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  • Destruction of habitats for

farming (31%)

  • Deforestation (21%)
  • Urbanization (13%)

Royal Botanical Gardens Kew State of the World’s Plants 2016 https://stateoftheworldsplants.com/

Green Plants in the Red: Global Threats

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Green Plants in the Red: Global Threats

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What Can We Do to Increase Plant Community Resiliency?

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Genotype: the genetic makeup of an organism or group of

  • rganisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an

entire complex of traits.

Investing in the Future: Genotypic Security

Figures refer to the number of species in GenBank with:

  • 'Any sequence' (any

sequence data at all)

  • 'rbcL gene' (only

sequences marked as copies of the rbcL gene)

  • 'matK gene' (only

sequences marked as copies of the matK gene)

  • 'matK or rbcL' (only

matK or rbcL gene copies)

Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/

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The 2014 Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention

  • n Biological Diversity: an international agreement

which aims at sharing the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources in a fair and equitable way. Investing in the Future: Nagoya Protocol

https://www.cbd.int/abs/default.shtml

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Investing in the Future: Funding Global Resiliency Science

Earthwatch engages people worldwide in scientific field research and education to promote the understanding and action necessary for a sustainable environment.

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Earthwatch Citizen Science Since 1971 www.Earthwatch.org

1,426 projects 105,000 volunteers 9,500 fellows 10 million hours of data collection

ceisenberg@earthwatch.org

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Add photo Restoring Fire, Wolves, and Bison to the Canadian Rockies

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Restoring Fire, Wolves, and Bison to the Canadian Rockies

Context: social ecology

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It Takes a Village to Restore Native Plants and Processes Fire Predation Bison

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Waterton Prairie Indicator Grass Species

Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis) bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegeneria spicata) Parry’s oatgrass (Danthonia parryii) rough fescue (Festuca campestris)

In Canada, only 3% of native prairie habitat remains.

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Ol Pejeta, Kenya, Grazing Lawns

Jake Goheen, University of Wyoming Lion Tri-Trophic Interactions

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Red oat grass (Themeda triandra) Bamboo grass (Penisetum mesianum) Wiry love grass (Eragrostis tenufolia) Masai love grass (Eragrostis superba) Brown wood grass (Panicum maximum) Star Grass (Cynodon dactylon)

Ol Pejeta Native Plants: A Bottom-Up Approach

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Native Plant Global Restoration Challenges Availability of native seed and seedlings for restoration Lack of partnerships:

  • State
  • Federal
  • Private sector
  • NGO

The US is a world leader in establishing these partnerships.

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The preceding presentation was delivered at the This and additional presentations available at http://nativeseed.info

2017 National Native Seed Conference

Washington, D.C. February 13-16, 2017