Common-Reflection-Surface stack for OBS and Introduction VSP - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Common-Reflection-Surface stack for OBS and VSP geometries and multi-component seismic reflection data

Tim Boelsen1 and Jürgen Mann

1now: Chevron Upstream Europe, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK

Wave Inversion Technology (WIT) Consortium Geophysical Institute, University of Karlsruhe (TH) September 14, 2005

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Overview

Introduction Traveltime formulas General case: arbitrary acquisition geometry OBS and VSP geometries Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Synthetic data examples Complex OBS data, single-component Simple land data, multi-component Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

“Conventional” CRS stack:

◮ zero-offset simulation ◮ normal central rays

➥ coinciding up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ no converted waves

◮ description in terms of normal and NIP waves

Finite-offset CRS stack:

◮ arbitrary source/receiver offsets ◮ arbitrary central rays

➥ different up- and downgoing ray branches ➥ handling of converted waves ➥ arbitrary acquisition geometries

◮ description in terms of two-way experiments

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

v = 2.7 km/s v = 2 km/s v = 4.5 km/s

P P P

PP PS PS PP 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 Midpoint [km] 0.2 0.4 0.6 1 1.5 Half-offset [km]

• 0.5

Time [s] Depth [km]

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Introduction

◮ CO CRS stack:

◮ consideration of converted waves ◮ OBS and VSP acquisition geometries

◮ Bergler et al., 2002:

◮ separate handling of different components ◮ no consideration of polarization information during

CRS stack

➥ distinction between wave types after CRS stack

◮ New approach:

◮ combination of polarization information with

• perator shape and orientation

➥ distinction between wave types during CRS stack

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

General traveltime formula

Arbitrary acquisition geometry

paraxial ray central ray

measurement surface

zS zG xG xS

S G

βG

S’ G’ R’ R

βS

∆zS

S

x ∆ ∆xG ∆zG

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

General traveltime formula

T 2(∆xS,∆xG,∆zS,∆zG) =

• t0 + sinβG

vG ∆xG − sinβS vS ∆xS + cosβG vG ∆zG − cosβS vS ∆zS 2 +t0 DB−1 (∆xG −∆zG tanβG)2 +t0 AB−1 (∆xS −∆zS tanβS)2 −2t0 B−1 (∆xG −∆zG tanβG)(∆xS −∆zS tanβS)

t0 : Traveltime along central ray βS, βG : Incidence and emergence angle of central ray A, B, D : Elements of the propagator matrix ∆xS, ∆xG, ∆zS, ∆zG : Source and receiver dislocations vS, vG : Near-surface velocity at source or receiver

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

OBS acquisition geometry

➥ ∆zS = ∆zG ≡ 0 (horizontal seafloor)

S

• cean bottom

central ray paraxial ray ∆xG ∆xS S’ βS β

G

G G’ R’ R

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Traveltime formula

Arbitrary acquisition geometry:

T 2(∆xS,∆xG,∆zS,∆zG) =

• t0 + sinβG

vG ∆xG − sinβS vS ∆xS+cosβG vG ∆zG − cosβS vS ∆zS 2 +t0 DB−1 (∆xG−∆zG tanβG)2 +t0 AB−1 (∆xS−∆zS tanβS)2 −2t0 B−1 (∆xG−∆zG tanβG)(∆xS−∆zS tanβS)

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Traveltime formula

OBS acquisition geometry:

T 2(∆xS,∆xG,∆zS,∆zG) =

• t0 + sinβG

vG ∆xG − sinβS vS ∆xS+cosβG vG ∆zG − cosβS vS ∆zS 2 +t0 DB−1 (∆xG−∆zG tanβG)2 +t0 AB−1 (∆xS−∆zS tanβS)2 −2t0 B−1 (∆xG−∆zG tanβG)(∆xS−∆zS tanβS)

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

VSP acquisition geometry

➥ ∆zS = ∆xG ≡ 0 (vertical borehole, no topography)

∆ R R’ central ray paraxial ray borehole G’ G β

G

zG ∆xS S S’

S

β

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Traveltime formula

Arbitrary acquisition geometry:

T 2(∆xS,∆xG,∆zS,∆zG) =

• t0+sinβG

vG ∆xG − sinβS vS ∆xS + cosβG vG ∆zG−cosβS vS ∆zS 2 +t0 DB−1 (∆xG −∆zG tanβG)2 +t0 AB−1 (∆xS−∆zS tanβS)2 −2t0 B−1 (∆xG −∆zG tanβG)(∆xS−∆zS tanβS)

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Traveltime formula

VSP acquisition geometry:

T 2(∆xS,∆xG,∆zS,∆zG) =

• t0+sinβG

vG ∆xG − sinβS vS ∆xS + cosβG vG ∆zG−cosβS vS ∆zS 2 +t0 DB−1 (∆xG −∆zG tanβG)2 +t0 AB−1 (∆xS−∆zS tanβS)2 −2t0 B−1 (∆xG −∆zG tanβG)(∆xS−∆zS tanβS)

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G ◮ Data acquisition with two components

(vertical & horizontal)

◮ Consideration of upgoing P- and S-waves ◮ Both wave types are present on both components

➥ Distinguish between both wave types

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G ◮ Data acquisition with two components

(vertical & horizontal)

◮ Consideration of upgoing P- and S-waves ◮ Both wave types are present on both components

➥ Distinguish between both wave types

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G ◮ Data acquisition with two components

(vertical & horizontal)

◮ Consideration of upgoing P- and S-waves ◮ Both wave types are present on both components

➥ Distinguish between both wave types

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G ◮ Data acquisition with two components

(vertical & horizontal)

◮ Consideration of upgoing P- and S-waves ◮ Both wave types are present on both components

➥ Distinguish between both wave types

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G ◮ Data acquisition with two components

(vertical & horizontal)

◮ Consideration of upgoing P- and S-waves ◮ Both wave types are present on both components

➥ Distinguish between both wave types

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: general idea

During search for the optimum stacking operator:

◮ determine emergence angles of central and paraxial

rays at the receivers

◮ separate coherence analyses and stacks for

longitudinal and transversal components ➥ PP & PS CRS stack

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: general idea

During search for the optimum stacking operator:

◮ determine emergence angles of central and paraxial

rays at the receivers

◮ separate coherence analyses and stacks for

longitudinal and transversal components ➥ PP & PS CRS stack

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: general idea

During search for the optimum stacking operator:

◮ determine emergence angles of central and paraxial

rays at the receivers

◮ separate coherence analyses and stacks for

longitudinal and transversal components ➥ PP & PS CRS stack

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V H G

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: general idea

During search for the optimum stacking operator:

◮ determine emergence angles of central and paraxial

rays at the receivers

◮ separate coherence analyses and stacks for

longitudinal and transversal components ➥ PP & PS CRS stack

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V T H L G

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: general idea

During search for the optimum stacking operator:

◮ determine emergence angles of central and paraxial

rays at the receivers

◮ separate coherence analyses and stacks for

longitudinal and transversal components ➥ PP & PS CRS stack

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray V T H L G

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: general idea

During search for the optimum stacking operator:

◮ determine emergence angles of central and paraxial

rays at the receivers

◮ separate coherence analyses and stacks for

longitudinal and transversal components ➥ PP & PS CRS stack

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray T L G

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: general idea

During search for the optimum stacking operator:

◮ determine emergence angles of central and paraxial

rays at the receivers

◮ separate coherence analyses and stacks for

longitudinal and transversal components ➥ PP & PS CRS stack

• cean bottom

P S P S RS βP

S

β

G S

central ray T L G

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Multi-component data: paraxial rays

G

β ∆xG

G

K γ T L

acquisition surface emerging wavefront

sinγ = sign(RG) RG sinβG +∆xG

• R2

G +2RG∆xG sinβG +∆x2 G

γ : emergence angle of paraxial ray βG : emergence angle of central ray RG = 1/KG : radius of curvature at receiver ∆xG : receiver dislocation

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Implementation

Pragmatic search strategy (similar to ZO CRS stack):

• 1. Common-shot search: determine βG and KG = K G

CS

• 2. Common-offset search: determine angle and

curvature in separate PP- and PS-stack section

• 3. Common-midpoint search: determine curvature in

prestack data

• 4. Final CRS stack with spatial operator

for all source/receiver pairs:

◮ calculation of KG ◮ calculation of γ

➥ polarization along entire stacking operator

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: single-component OBS data

1 2 3 4 Depth [km]

• 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location [km] 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Interval velocity [m/s]

Modeling parameters:

◮ sources in water at constant depth of 6 m ◮ receivers on seafloor at constant depth of 1 km ◮ 25 m midpoint and offset spacing ◮ maximum CMP fold: 81 ◮ only primary PP-events simulated

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: single-component OBS data

1 2 3 4 Depth [km]

• 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location [km] 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Interval velocity [m/s]

Modeling parameters:

◮ sources in water at constant depth of 6 m ◮ receivers on seafloor at constant depth of 1 km ◮ 25 m midpoint and offset spacing ◮ maximum CMP fold: 81 ◮ only primary PP-events simulated

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: single-component OBS data

1 2 3 4 Depth [km]

• 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location [km] 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Interval velocity [m/s]

Modeling parameters:

◮ sources in water at constant depth of 6 m ◮ receivers on seafloor at constant depth of 1 km ◮ 25 m midpoint and offset spacing ◮ maximum CMP fold: 81 ◮ only primary PP-events simulated

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: single-component OBS data

1 2 3 4 Depth [km]

• 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location [km] 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Interval velocity [m/s]

Modeling parameters:

◮ sources in water at constant depth of 6 m ◮ receivers on seafloor at constant depth of 1 km ◮ 25 m midpoint and offset spacing ◮ maximum CMP fold: 81 ◮ only primary PP-events simulated

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: single-component OBS data

1 2 3 4 Depth [km]

• 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location [km] 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Interval velocity [m/s]

Modeling parameters:

◮ sources in water at constant depth of 6 m ◮ receivers on seafloor at constant depth of 1 km ◮ 25 m midpoint and offset spacing ◮ maximum CMP fold: 81 ◮ only primary PP-events simulated

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: single-component OBS data

1 2 3 4 Depth [km]

• 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location [km] 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Interval velocity [m/s]

Modeling parameters:

◮ sources in water at constant depth of 6 m ◮ receivers on seafloor at constant depth of 1 km ◮ 25 m midpoint and offset spacing ◮ maximum CMP fold: 81 ◮ only primary PP-events simulated

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: single-component OBS data

1 2 3 4 Depth [km]

• 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location [km] 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Interval velocity [m/s]

Modeling parameters:

◮ sources in water at constant depth of 6 m ◮ receivers on seafloor at constant depth of 1 km ◮ 25 m midpoint and offset spacing ◮ maximum CMP fold: 81 ◮ only primary PP-events simulated

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Prestack data vs. stack result

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Time [s] 51 101 151 201 251 301 351 401 451 CMP no. 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Time [s]

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Emergence angles [◦] section

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Time [s] 51 101 151 201 251 301 351 401 451 CMP no.

• 40
• 30
• 20
• 10

10 20 30 40 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Time [s]

• 40
• 30
• 20
• 10

10 20 30 40

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: multi-component land data

Model characteristics:

◮ single horizontal reflector ◮ primary PP- and PS-events simulated ◮ both events present on both components

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: multi-component land data

Model characteristics:

◮ single horizontal reflector ◮ primary PP- and PS-events simulated ◮ both events present on both components

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: multi-component land data

Model characteristics:

◮ single horizontal reflector ◮ primary PP- and PS-events simulated ◮ both events present on both components

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Example: multi-component land data

Model characteristics:

◮ single horizontal reflector ◮ primary PP- and PS-events simulated ◮ both events present on both components

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Time [s] 3 4 5 6 7 Midpoint [km] 3 4 5 6 7 Midpoint [km]

Vertical component Horizontal component

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Stack and coherence sections

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Time [s] 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Midpoint [km] 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Midpoint [km] 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Time [s] 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

PP PS

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Emergence/incidence angle [◦] sections

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Time [s] 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Midpoint [km]

• 30
• 25
• 20
• 15
• 10
• 5

5 10 15 20 25 30 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Midpoint [km] 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Time [s]

• 30
• 25
• 20
• 15
• 10
• 5

5 10 15 20 25 30

PP PS

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Conclusions

◮ Finite-offset CRS stacking operator for arbitrary

acquisition geometry

◮ CRS stacking operators for OBS and VSP data ◮ Successful application to complex synthetic OBS

data

◮ New approach to stack multi-component data ◮ First simple land data example

◮ clear separation of PP- and PS-events ◮ separate characterization by wavefield attributes

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Conclusions

◮ Finite-offset CRS stacking operator for arbitrary

acquisition geometry

◮ CRS stacking operators for OBS and VSP data ◮ Successful application to complex synthetic OBS

data

◮ New approach to stack multi-component data ◮ First simple land data example

◮ clear separation of PP- and PS-events ◮ separate characterization by wavefield attributes

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Conclusions

◮ Finite-offset CRS stacking operator for arbitrary

acquisition geometry

◮ CRS stacking operators for OBS and VSP data ◮ Successful application to complex synthetic OBS

data

◮ New approach to stack multi-component data ◮ First simple land data example

◮ clear separation of PP- and PS-events ◮ separate characterization by wavefield attributes

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Conclusions

◮ Finite-offset CRS stacking operator for arbitrary

acquisition geometry

◮ CRS stacking operators for OBS and VSP data ◮ Successful application to complex synthetic OBS

data

◮ New approach to stack multi-component data ◮ First simple land data example

◮ clear separation of PP- and PS-events ◮ separate characterization by wavefield attributes

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Conclusions

◮ Finite-offset CRS stacking operator for arbitrary

acquisition geometry

◮ CRS stacking operators for OBS and VSP data ◮ Successful application to complex synthetic OBS

data

◮ New approach to stack multi-component data ◮ First simple land data example

◮ clear separation of PP- and PS-events ◮ separate characterization by wavefield attributes

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Conclusions

◮ Finite-offset CRS stacking operator for arbitrary

acquisition geometry

◮ CRS stacking operators for OBS and VSP data ◮ Successful application to complex synthetic OBS

data

◮ New approach to stack multi-component data ◮ First simple land data example

◮ clear separation of PP- and PS-events ◮ separate characterization by wavefield attributes

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Conclusions

◮ Finite-offset CRS stacking operator for arbitrary

acquisition geometry

◮ CRS stacking operators for OBS and VSP data ◮ Successful application to complex synthetic OBS

data

◮ New approach to stack multi-component data ◮ First simple land data example

◮ clear separation of PP- and PS-events ◮ separate characterization by wavefield attributes

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Outlook

Multi-component data:

◮ Application to more complex models and real data ◮ Extension to the general 3-D case

VSP data:

◮ Implementation of search strategy ◮ Combination with multi-component approach

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Outlook

Multi-component data:

◮ Application to more complex models and real data ◮ Extension to the general 3-D case

VSP data:

◮ Implementation of search strategy ◮ Combination with multi-component approach

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Outlook

Multi-component data:

◮ Application to more complex models and real data ◮ Extension to the general 3-D case

VSP data:

◮ Implementation of search strategy ◮ Combination with multi-component approach

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Outlook

Multi-component data:

◮ Application to more complex models and real data ◮ Extension to the general 3-D case

VSP data:

◮ Implementation of search strategy ◮ Combination with multi-component approach

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Outlook

Multi-component data:

◮ Application to more complex models and real data ◮ Extension to the general 3-D case

VSP data:

◮ Implementation of search strategy ◮ Combination with multi-component approach

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Outlook

Multi-component data:

◮ Application to more complex models and real data ◮ Extension to the general 3-D case

VSP data:

◮ Implementation of search strategy ◮ Combination with multi-component approach

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Outlook

Multi-component data:

◮ Application to more complex models and real data ◮ Extension to the general 3-D case

VSP data:

◮ Implementation of search strategy ◮ Combination with multi-component approach

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Acknowledgments

This work was kindly supported by the sponsors of the Wave Inversion Technology (WIT) Consortium, Karlsruhe, Germany

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

Related presentations

Workshop WS-2 “Velocity analysis for depth imaging”, Monday afternoon: 13:30 Common-Reflection-Surface stack – a generalized stacking velocity analysis tool Session “Seismic Imaging”, Wednesday morning: 09:20 Smoothing and automated picking of kinematic wavefield attributes 09:45 CRS-stack-based seismic imaging for land data and complex near-surface conditions 11:00 True-amplitude CRS-based Kirchhoff time migration for AVO analysis

9th SBGf Conference, Salvador 2005 Boelsen & Mann Introduction Traveltime formulas General case OBS and VSP Multi-component data General idea Paraxial rays Implementation Data examples OBS data, 1-C Land data, 2-C Conclusion & Outlook Acknowledgments Related talks

W I T

.