Co Contrast sting drivers o s of forest st taxonomi mic a and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Co Contrast sting drivers o s of forest st taxonomi mic a and funct ctional t turnover er in a a Neotropical l landsca cape

Adina C Chai ain G Guadar adarram ama Bryan an F Finegan gan Lee Lee Vierl erling Sev Seven Ses Sesnie Zay ayra R Ram amos

• Hi

Highly d diver erse f e fores ests w with g h great at v values es

• f al

alpha and and b bet eta d diversit ity r res esulting in n important ant differ erenc ences es o

• f a

among ng-sit ite e taxono nomic s similar arity v values es

• Pat

atterns as associa iated t to hi high h spat atial and and env envir ironment ntal heterogenei geneity

• What

hat ar are t e the d he drivers o

• f thi

his communi nity t turno nover?

de denotes r s rest strictions on

• n

com

• mmuni

unity s y struc ucture a and nd composi sition due due to a

• any

y

• f the f

followi wing ng ecol

• logi

gical f filters: s: (1) di ) disp spersal, (2) t ) the a abi biotic env nviron

• nment

nt (3) b biot

• tic i

interaction

• ns

s

(Götzen zenberger er et a al. . 201 2012)

Ecologi gical al a assembly r rule

(Götzenberger et al. 2012)

Turno nover er p patter erns ns in n communit ity co composit itio ion, when s hen supplement nted w with func nctio ional al t trait ait inf nformatio ion, c can an be e used ed t to d diag agnose as e assem embly proce cess sses. Taxono nomic approac

• ach vs

s func nctio iona nal approac

• ach

Sp 1 Sp 2 Sp 3 Sp n Site 1 1 2 2 Site 2 4 1 2 Site 3 1 3 3 Site n CWM SLA CWM SWG CWM T n Site 1 399 0.35 Site 2 423.74 0.61 Site 3 387.93 0.44 Site n

Plant nt c com

• mmuni

unity a y asse sembl bly y hypot pothesi sis c s can n be f framed d by by obse

• bserving ge

geographic distance ce deca cay i in taxonomic c and f functio ional s l sim imila ilarit ity

(Sok

• kol et a
• al. 2011)

H0 Random s

sorting p processes explain the p e presen esence o e of species i in local p plant nt c commu mmunities:

• No taxonomic o
• r f

functional turnover

• No enviro

ronmen ental f filter o er or dispersa ersal limitation c const stra rains t the recruitm itment o t of specie ies i into to l local commu mmuni nities

H1 Spec

ecies es a are s e selec ected b by the e environment o

• n the

the basis is o

• f the

their ir functio tional t traits ts:

• Taxonomic a

and f functional turnover

• Enviro

ronmentall lly d determ erministic assem embly ly r rule i e is expec ected ed under er the p e pres esen ence e of s spatially st stru ructured en enviro ronmental gradients ts

H2

Change i

in t taxonomic composition i is independent f from cha hange i in f functio ional composit itio ion

• Taxo

xono nomic t turno nover ver occurs rs whet ether er f func nctional t turno nove ver d does es

• Under

er l low e envi nvironm nment ntal heterogene neity s y spec ecies t turno nove ver r res esults from

• m l

limited d d disp spersal (dispe spersal assem embly) y)

H0 Random s

sorting p processes

H1 Abiotic a

asse ssembly

H2 Disp

spers rsal a asse ssembly ly

Ta Taxo xonomic turnover er Functiona nal turnover er

H0 Random sorting p

processes

H1 Abiotic a

asse ssembly

H2 Disp

spers rsal a asse ssembly ly

Ta Taxo xonomic | | Fu Func nctio ional

H0 Random sorting p

processes

H1 Abiotic a

asse ssembly

H2 Disp

spers rsal a asse ssembly ly

Correlati tion between een T and F F

• 127. 0.25 ha plots
• Min distance 300 m
• Max. distance 63 km

Elevation PrecDriest Temp Min

30-1203 m asl 50-186 mm 14.5 - 20.7 °C

i) i) are t taxon

• nom
• mic turnov
• ver a

and f d function

• nal t

turnov

• ver

pos posit itiv ively r related, sugge ggestin ing t that s spe pecie ies are selected by d by the enviro ironment on

• n the ba

basis is of

• f their

ir functio ional pr prop

• pert

rtie ies? ii) ii) doe does change i in t taxonom

• mic

ic c com

• mposit

ition oc

• ccur

r inde depe pende dently f from

• m c

change ge i in f function

• nal

com

• mpo

posit itio ion, s sugg ggestin ing t that di dispers rsal l limit itatio ion pl plays a a key r rol

• le i

in de determ rmin inin ing s spe pecie ies assembl blage ges? We ex e expect t that s species ar are e sorted into l loca cal l com

• mmunit

itie ies accord rdin ing t to

• values of
• f functio

ional t trait its, in a acco cordan ance ce t to h hypothesis H H1. .

Researc rch quest estions ns

Me Method

• ds
• Ta

Taxonomic ic c com

• mpo

posit itio ion: 264 c canopy s spe pecie ies

• Trees ≥ 30 cm dbh ~ 70

70 % of t total p plot b basal area (≥ 10 10 cm cm dbh) )

• Fu

Functio ional c com

• mpo

posit itio ion: C CWM v values

• LA, L

, LDMC, S , SLA, , N, P P and W WSG (Chav

have 2006, William amson a

• n and

d Wiemann ann 2010, Pérez ez-Har argu guind ndegu guy 2013) )

• Abundan

ance a as w weighting v g variab able

• Enviro

ironmental v varia ariables:

• Temp, Mi

, Min T Temp, , TempS pSD, , Prec ec, , PrecD cDrie riest, , PrecCV: : Worldclim

• Elev

evation (DEM f for t the r reg egion 10 10 m)

• Soil: S

: Sand, S , Silt, C t, Clay, p , pH, A , Acidity, , Ca, Mg , Mg, K , K, P, P, M. M.O.

• Ana

nalysi sis:

• Multiv

ivaria riate o

• rdin

ination (PCA)

• Multiv

ivaria riate simple a and p part rtia ial M Mantel c corre rrelogra rams ( (rM rM)

• Varia

iatio ion p part rtit itio ionin ing

Results

Pentaclethra macroloba Qualea polychroma Foothills Trait CWM

• 5
• 3

3 5

Axis 1 (51.6%)

• 5
• 3

3 5

Axis 2 (17.6%)

LA SLA LDMC WSG N P

LA SLA LDMC WSG N P

Pentaclethra macroloba Qualea polychroma Foothills Trait CWM

Taxon

• nom
• mic t

turnove nover Func nctiona nal t turnove nover

Significant No significant

Correlation b n between n taxon

• nom
• mic a

and d functiona nal c com

• mpo

posi sition

H0

Rand ndom

• m s

sorting ng proces esses ex explain t in the he pres esence o e of s spec ecies ies in n loca cal p plan ant c communitie ies

H1 H1 Specie

ies ar are e sel elec ected b by t the he env envir ironment nt o

• n

n the he bas asis o

• f t

thei eir f func nctio ional trait aits: A Abio iotic ic asse ssembly



Taxon

• nom
• mic t

turnove nover account

• unting f

g for function

• nal a

and d env nviron

• nment

ntal c com

• mpo

posi sition

• n

H0

Rand ndom

• m s

sorting ng proces esses ex explain t in the he pres esence o e of s spec ecies ies in n loca cal p plan ant c communitie ies

H2 Chang

nge i e in taxono nomic c composition n is indep epend endent ent f from chang ange i in n func nctio ional compos

• sition: D

Disper ersal al asse ssembly



Explaine ined varianc ance

Adj R2 Adj R2

• E: Environment
• S: Space
• E U S: total variance explained
• Fraction corresponding to the intersection of both space (S) and

environment (E).

Concl clusions

• Acr

cross the l land ndsc scape e both h ge geog

• gra

raphic ic di distance a and enviro ironment de determ rmin ine t the obs

• bserv

rved c com

• mmunit

ity assembl blage ges: i) i) recru ruit itin ing di diffe ferent s spe pecie ies f from

• m “

“pr provin incia ial” pool pools, , ii) ii) sort

• rtin

ing spe pecie ies by by their t ir trait its a accord rdin ing t to

• different s

soil, l, cl climate an and el elevation g gradients.

• Existence

ce of

• f a

a sca cale le-de depe pende dent interact raction b between de determ rmin inis istic ic a and di dispers rsal c com

• mmunit

ity assembl bly proce cesses

Thank you

• Leo Coto
• Edwin Pereira
• Vicente Herra
• Manuel Bernal
• Sergio Vilchez
• Tirimbina Biological Reserve
• Laguna Lagarto Lodge
• Funded by:
• CONAcyT México
• IAI CRN 2015 – NSF: Grant GEO-0452325).

achain@catie.ac.cr

• Sokol, E.R., Benfield, E.F., Belden, L.K., Maurice

Valett, H., 2011. The assembly of ecological communities inferred from taxonomic and functional

• composition. The American naturalist 177, 630–44.
• Borcard, D., Legendre, P., 2012. Is the Mantel

correlogram powerful enough to be useful in ecological analysis? A simulation study. Ecology 93, 1473–81.