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Vulne r ability in Yor k Re gion Ann Mar ie Mur naghan L uc ia L o De par tme nt of Ge ogr aphy Yor k Unive r sity 1 Ge ogr aphie s of Vulne r ability Inne r -c ity vs. subur bs In ge ne r al, it is be lie ve d that the

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SLIDE 1

1

Vulne r ability in Yor k Re gion

Ann Mar ie Mur naghan L uc ia L

  • De par

tme nt of Ge ogr aphy Yor k Unive r sity

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SLIDE 2

2

Ge ogr aphie s of Vulne r ability

Inne r

  • c ity vs. subur

bs

  • In ge ne r

al, it is be lie ve d that the inne r

  • c ity

c ontains mor e vulne r ability than the subur bs.

  • T

his is base d on tr aditional notions of the subur b that ar e not always applic able in the c ur r e nt c onte xt of the me tr

  • polis.
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SLIDE 3

3

De fining Vulne r ability

  • T

hr e e gr

  • ups ar

e pe r c e ive d as in gr e ate r ne e d of se r vic e s

– Se nior s – Re c e nt immigr ants – L

  • w inc ome
  • T

he r e is no single me asur e of vulne r ability

– Numbe r

  • f pe r

sons – Pe r c e ntage of total population – Conc e ntr ation me asur e – Composite inde x

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SLIDE 4

4

Composite Inde x

  • E

qual we ighting of four te e n var iable s

– Re c e nt immigr

ant – Pr imar y e duc ation

– Visible minor

ity – L

  • w inc ome

– Wor

king par t- time – Une mploye d

– Unskille d wor

ke rs – With no inc ome

– Single par

e nt house holds – Se nior s

– Se nior

s living alone – Re nting

– No offic ial language – Inc ome distanc e fr

  • m r

e gional ave r age

  • Inde x = Pe r

c e ntage of e ac h var iable in c e nsus tr ac t summe d and divide d by 14

  • Calc ulate d for

total, and 3 gr

  • ups

se par ate ly

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SLIDE 5

5

Data Sour c e s

  • Spe c ial tabulations of 2001 Ce nsus
  • Pr
  • file data for

1981 and 1991 Ce nsus available to ac ade mic r e se ar c he r s

  • Boundar

y/ spatial data pr

  • vide d by

York Re gion Ge omatic s

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6

Vulne r ability in Yor k Re gion: Ove r vie w

1981 1991 2001 N % N % N % T

  • tal Population

252,063 100 504,981 100 725,050 100 Se nior s 16,605 6.6 35,560 7.0 63,790 8.8 L

  • w Inc ome

7,725 3.1 37,570 7.5 72,565 10.0 Re c e nt Immigr ants* 2,835 1.1 40,875 2.2 94,845 13.1

No te s: I n 1981 re c e nt immigrants re fe rs to 3 years be fo re the Ce nsus; in 1991 and 2001 the pe rio d is 10 ye ars. So urc e s: Statistic s Canada: 1981 and 1991 Ce nsus Pro file Data; 2001 Spe c ial T abulatio ns fo r YI SP, E O1048-3A.

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7

Cur r e nt E xte nt: Se nior s

Numbe r o f Se nio rs Co nc e ntratio n o f Se nio rs

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8

Cur r e nt E xte nt: L

  • w Inc ome

Numbe r

  • f Pe r

sons with L

  • w Inc ome

Conc e ntr ation of Pe r sons with L

  • w Inc ome
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SLIDE 9

9

Cur r e nt E xte nt: Re c e nt Immigr ants

Numbe r o f Ne wc o me rs Co nc e ntratio n o f Ne wc o me rs

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10

T e mpor al Gr

  • wth: Se nior

s

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11

T e mpor al Gr

  • wth: L
  • w Inc ome
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SLIDE 12

12

T e mpor al Gr

  • wth: Re c e nt Immigr

ants

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SLIDE 13

13

Assoc iations Among Gr

  • ups
  • Re c e nt immigr

ants inc r e asing at ve r y high r ate

  • Inc r

e asing c onc e ntr ation of r e c e nt immigr ants and low inc ome in Mar kham, Vaughan and southe r n Ric hmond Hill

  • Se nior

s inc r e asing ac r

  • ss r

e gion

  • Str
  • ng c or

r e lation be twe e n distr ibution of r e c e nt immigr ants and low inc ome

(Pe ar son c or r e lation c oe ffic ie nt = 0.691 signific ant at the 0.01 le ve l)

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14

Cur r e nt E xte nt of Vulne r ability

1 2 3

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15

Vaughan

Small tr iple vulne r ability c e nsus tr ac t F ive double vulne r ability in c luste r High le ve l of pr imar y e duc ation Mainly Italian e thnic or igins Be low ave r age house hold inc ome High le ve l of ne ithe r F r e nc h nor E nglish language knowle dge High le ve l of se nior s

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16

Ric hmond Hill

Ave r age size tr iple vulne r ability c e nsus tr ac t T wo double vulne r ability c e nsus tr ac ts in c luste r (above Major Mac k) Ma inly Chine se and E ast Indian e thnic or igins High le ve l of ne ithe r F r e nc h nor E nglish language knowle dge Ne ar ly twic e r e gional ave r age visible minor itie s High le ve l of r e c e nt immigr ants High le ve l of low inc ome

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17

Ric hmond Hill and Mar kham

F

  • ur

te e n tr iple vulne r ability c e nsus tr ac ts, lar ge r than ave r age size T we lve double vulne r ability in c luste r High le ve l of r e c e nt immigr ants Ma inly Chine se and E ast Indian e thnic or igins High le ve l of visible minor itie s Ve r y high le ve l of ne ithe r F r e nc h nor E nglish language knowle dge High le ve l of low inc ome

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18

Conc luding State me nts

  • Vulne r

able gr

  • ups ar

e inc r e asing in magnitude in Yor k Re gion

  • T

his vulne r ability is c onc e ntr ate d in Mar kham, Vaughan, and southe r n Ric hmond Hill, but also in poc ke ts thr

  • ughout the r

e gion

  • Ar

e as of hidde n vulne r ability ar e impor tant to se e k out