CCC & INTELLIGENT COMPACTION BY DR. GEORGE K. CHANG, - - PDF document
CCC & INTELLIGENT COMPACTION BY DR. GEORGE K. CHANG, PROF. GUANGHUI XU , IICTG FOUNDERS IICTG.org IICTG.org
, IICTG FOUNDERS
Control Box GNSS Receiver Temperature Sensor Temperature Sensor e
Courtesy of Trimble
Accelerometer
Courtesy of Ammann
Courtesy of Bomag
Control unit
Drum
ACE-Display
ACEplus
, IICTG FOUNDERS
Elastic and plastic filling body
elastic plastic filling body
The elastic state can be modeled and analyzed according to the existing theory
e
p
p
u u u
u
e
u (cm) t (s) t u
E
2 2 2 2 2 2 xy x zx y xy zy yz xz z
u x y z t v y x z t w z x y t
y z xy yz zx
u v w x y z v u w v u w x y y z z x
1 [ ( )] 1 1 [ ( )] 1 1 [ ( )]
x x y z xy xy y y z x yz yz z z x y zx zx
E G E G E G
b h 2R
Kinetic equations Geometric equations Constitutive equations Boundary condition
Step:
identification theory, according to the measured vibration wheel response, compared with the calculated value, solution modulus and density.
results of conventional tests, meet the engineering accuracy requirements.
F L b h 2R yx x zx xy y zy yz xz z
x y z x y z x y z
Boundary condition
——EVIB
Courtesy of Bomag
( , , , , ) b b F L R E
) F L b E
Psin
M2 M1
The rigid wheel and the filling body must be in close contact, can not bounce. Part of the filling body to participate in vibration, modeling should consider the quality of vibration.
1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2
[ ] [ ] [ ] M K K C C M K C M K K K C C C
1 1 2 2 2
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] sin u u u u u u P u u u P t
, , , , , , )
B B
K K M f P C x x x
0 0 cos s d d
F
M
sin P t
F u
r
Psint
Control system Fr Drum Roller Filling Feedback Control Eest Psint Fr Feedback Control
f
F G
e
p
h h h
f G
f can be used as an objective index
materials.
(Zhang Shiying, "road machinery engineering", Chinese Mechanical Industry Press, 1998)
g
0.5 1 1
1 ( ) 3 1
e e
F f G G Cb D h h h h F Cb
(1 )(1 / 3)
p
F h f G D
e p p
e
p e
t
A C CMV
2
A C CMV
2
This defines the expected range of density The NN aligns this range and uses the compaction data from the IMU to compare against the default vibration profiles to estimate the % relative density … At each of the 3 core locations, the pre-calibrated density is estimated by the NN
Raw Calibration Min – Max Density
Input
Compaction data
Accelerometer (IMU)
Output
Min Min Min Mi Min Mi Mi Min Min Min Mi Mi Min Min Mi M n n n n n n – Max De Max De ax De ax De ax De ax De ax De Max De ax De ax De ax De x De Max De ax De ax De ax De x D Max De ax De ax De ax Density nsity nsity nsity nsity nsity nsity nsity nsity sity nsity nsity nsit sity nsity nsity nsity nsity nsity ty nsity M Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw C Raw Ca Raw C Raw Ca Raw Ca aw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca Raw Ca aw Ca Raw Calibrat librat ibrat librat librat libr ibrat brat brat librat librat libra librat libra r ibrat librat brat librat librat libration
ion ion
ion ion
ion
ion io ion i
vib
B
r est
E1 E2 .
. .
En E En=?
, IICTG FOUNDERS
Equipment check Process control Quality test
Control the vibration performance of the vibratory roller Determine the correlation between VCV and conventional spot tests Determining the spatial distribution of VCV and weak areas Compaction degree, uniformity and stability control during rolling process
Correlation verification
2 4 6 8 10 220 240 260 280 300 320
Rated exciting force Actual exciting force
P (KN) No
Vertical vibratory roller vibratory roller
0.70 18 r n
[VCV]
x [x] High Med Low
[x]——Qualified value of conventional tests [VCV]——VCV target value
compacted materials to achieve the level of the specified value to achieve sufficient strength and rigidity to support the upper structure.
properties of the compacted materials to support the upper structure under the designed loading (avoid fatigue cracking).
[VCV] <[VCV] 01 02 03 04
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Relevant Information
Passing rate: xx%
Distribution Diagram of Compaction Degree
Total area: xxxx
2
m
Target line
Relevant Information
Vibratory Compaction Curve of XX Wheelmark
L VCV [VCV] <[VCV] [VCV] VCVi
2
1.0m
i
i
Relevant Information
Average value line
Average value line 0.80 average value line
VCV L
: VCV
XXX
0.80VCV
VCV 0.80VCV
Relevant Information
n-th pass
VCV L
1
i i i
The actual distribution of VCV can be decomposed into combination of various normal
01 02 03 04
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Relevant Information
: VCV
xxx xxx xxx xxx
Weak area
coefficient, modulus do not follow normal distributions. Therefore, limited spot tests are often not representative of the compacted areas.
used for acceptance. In case of spot tests within weak areas pass the acceptance criteria, the remaining compacted areas will be considered pass, too. Thus, the risk an be minimized.
CA AZ CO NM TX OK AR LA MO KY AL GA FL VA OH MI VT AK VI MT NV Guam ME WA OR UT KS ID WY ND SD MN NE WI IA IL IN MS TN SC NC WV PA NY CT NJ DE MD PR HI NH MA RI
Asphalt Soils Asphalt + Soils
DC
2014 (10%) 2015 (10-15%) 2016 (40-50%) 2017 (50-75%) 2018 (100%)
Percent of MnDOT Projects meeting project selection requirements. (Earthwork and Asphalt Pavements)
1st Year – Implementation
, IICTG FOUNDERS
Equipment check Correlation verification Process control Quality test
check
2 4 6 8 10 220 240 260 280 300 320 Rated exciting force Actual exciting force
P (KN) No
Results Results
control
to achieve the level of the specified value to achieve sufficient strength and rigidity to support the upper structure. Control of the physical and mechanical properties of the compacted materials to achieve the uniform support for the upper structure. Control the stability of the physical and mechanical properties of the compacted materials to support the upper structure under the designed loading (avoid fatigue cracking).
i
Relevant Information
Vibratory Compaction Curve of XX Wheelmark
L VCV [VCV] <[VCV] [VCV] VCVi
2
1.0m [VCV] <[VCV] 01 02 03 04
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Relevant Information
Passing rate: xx%
Distribution Diagram of Compaction Degree
Total area: xxxx
2
m
Relevant Information
Average value line
Average value line 0.80 average value line
VCV L
: VCV
XXX
0.80VCV
VCV 0.80VCV
n-th pass
VCV L 1 i i i
VCV VCV VCV
Quality test
Distribution Diagram of Compaction Degree Distribution Diagram of Compaction State Distribution Diagram of Compaction State
01 02 03 04
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Relevant Information
: VCV
xxx xxx xxx xxx
Weak area
In the vicinity of the critical value there is a VCV corresponding to a number of K30, or a K30 corresponding to a number of VCV, at this time with the conventional detection. Due to the dispersion of statistical relations
80m
VCV 330-340 VCV 370-380
L
Testing of the entire rolling surface, To prevent inadequate compaction and conventional detection.
Passes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7 Passes 5 Passes Test section
Passes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Reasonable gradation
Only the test results of roller are consistent with the results of conventional test, and can be used in the rolling quality control. r r
Results Results
Relation between correlation coefficient and data dispersion degree
Applicability of control index influence correlation
Japan Construction Institute of Civil Engineering 1992
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A (mV) f (Hz) 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 2 4 6 8 10 12 A (mV) f (Hz)
16 Passes 2 Passes
China's high speed railway
L
hard soft hard
Adequate aggregate gradation Adequate moisture content
, IICTG FOUNDERS
Courtesy of HAMM
CA
ME
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 1 2 3 4 5 6 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 100 102
[%] Passes [MN/m²], [°C]
Evib Surface temp. Core temp. Troxler density
200 205 210 215 220 225 230 90.5 91 91.5 92 92.5 93 93.5 1 2 3 4 5 Evib (%Gmm) NG Density (%Gmm) Passes NG Evib y = 0.099x + 70.665 R² = 0.9663 91.4 91.6 91.8 92 92.2 92.4 92.6 92.8 93 93.2 210 215 220 225 230 NG density (%Gmm) Evib (MPa)
(, ) = 0 + ( 0) ×
1(,)+2(,)+3(,)+4((,))
ME
Courtesy of Bomag
IN
Courtesy of MNDOT
Xu et. al., RILEM (2012)
, IICTG FOUNDERS
the contents of the digital construction
parameters of the filling body, and has good consistency with the results of the conventional control, especially for asphalt pavements.
Results Results
Results Results
Evaluating the effectiveness and correctness of different IC control systems
control effects are different and need to be evaluated independently.
Standard vibration equipment Standard test section
E0 E1 E2
E0 E1 E2
calculation.
Control system
"filling body the compaction equipment control system", which is the core of the control system's function.
equipment parameters based on the levels of “intelligence”.
Control system Compaction equipment Filling body