Blooms in Lake Erie Jeanette Schnars, Ph.D. Executive Director - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Harmful Algal Blooms in Lake Erie

Jeanette Schnars, Ph.D. Executive Director Regional Science Consortium

Sampling Locations - West

Sampling Locations – Beach

Sampling Locations - Bay

Sampling Locations - East

Microcystin Thresholds

• Microcystin:
• 0.2 ppb, drinking water threshold for dogs
• 0.3 ppb, drinking water threshold for

children under 6 y/o

• 1.6 ppb, drinking water threshold for

children over 6 y/o and adults

• 6.0 ppb, recreational public health advisory
• 20.0 ppb, recreational no contact advisory

Microcystins – West Coastline

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 05/24/2018 05/31/2018 06/7/2018 06/14/2018 06/21/2018 06/28/2018 07/5/2018 07/12/2018 07/19/2018 07/26/2018 08/2/2018 08/9/2018 08/16/2018 08/23/2018 08/30/2018 09/6/2018 09/13/2018 09/20/2018 09/27/2018 10/4/2018 10/11/2018 10/18/2018 10/25/2018

Microcystins (ppb) Date

Elk Avonia Walnut 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 5/26/2017 6/2/2017 6/9/2017 6/16/2017 6/23/2017 6/30/2017 7/7/2017 7/14/2017 7/21/2017 7/28/2017 8/4/2017 8/11/2017 8/18/2017 8/25/2017 9/1/2017 9/8/2017 9/15/2017 9/22/2017 9/29/2017 10/6/2017 10/13/2017 10/20/2017

Microcystin (ppb) Date

Elk Avonia Walnut

Microcystins – Presque Isle Bay

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 05/24/2018 05/31/2018 06/7/2018 06/14/2018 06/21/2018 06/28/2018 07/5/2018 07/12/2018 07/19/2018 07/26/2018 08/2/2018 08/9/2018 08/16/2018 08/23/2018 08/30/2018 09/6/2018 09/13/2018 09/20/2018 09/27/2018 10/4/2018 10/11/2018 10/18/2018 10/25/2018

Microcystins (ppb) Date

Boaters B Dobbins EYC Ferry Slip Horseshoe Libery Park Niagara Boat Launch Mill Creek Perry Monument South Pier Sturgeon Bay Vista 3 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5/26/2017 6/2/2017 6/9/2017 6/16/2017 6/23/2017 6/30/2017 7/7/2017 7/14/2017 7/21/2017 7/28/2017 8/4/2017 8/11/2017 8/18/2017 8/25/2017 9/1/2017 9/8/2017 9/15/2017 9/22/2017 9/29/2017 10/6/2017 10/13/2017 10/20/2017

Microcystin (ppb) Date

Boaters B Dobbins EYC Ferry Slip Horseshoe Libery Park Niagara Boat Launch Mill Creek Perry Monument South Pier Sturgeon Bay Vista 3

14.21 ppb 15.65 ppb

Microcystins – East Coastline

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 05/24/2018 05/31/2018 06/7/2018 06/14/2018 06/21/2018 06/28/2018 07/5/2018 07/12/2018 07/19/2018 07/26/2018 08/2/2018 08/9/2018 08/16/2018 08/23/2018 08/30/2018 09/6/2018 09/13/2018 09/20/2018 09/27/2018 10/4/2018 10/11/2018 10/18/2018 10/25/2018

Microcystin (ppb) Date

Lake Cliff Shades Beach Freeport 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 5/26/2017 6/2/2017 6/9/2017 6/16/2017 6/23/2017 6/30/2017 7/7/2017 7/14/2017 7/21/2017 7/28/2017 8/4/2017 8/11/2017 8/18/2017 8/25/2017 9/1/2017 9/8/2017 9/15/2017 9/22/2017 9/29/2017 10/6/2017 10/13/2017 10/20/2017

Microcystins (ppb) Date

Lake Cliff Shades Beach Freeport

Integrated Research - Flow Cytometry

FC and Cyanotoxins - Beach Locations

y = 2E-05x + 0.2059 R² = 0.0861 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000

Microcystins (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = 5E-08x + 0.0392 R² = 1E-05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000

Anatoxin-a (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = 1E-07x + 0.0103 R² = 0.0079 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000

Cylindrospermopsin (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = -1E-07x + 0.0073 R² = 0.0327 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000

Saxitoxin (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

FC and Cyanotoxins - Tributary Locations

y = 3E-05x + 0.0488 R² = 0.4503 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000

Microcystins (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = 9E-07x + 0.02 R² = 0.0047 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000

Anatoxin-a (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = 1E-06x + 0.0062 R² = 0.1594 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000

Cylindrospermopsin (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = 2E-06x + 0.0036 R² = 0.6754 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000

Saxitoxin (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

FC and Cyanotoxins - PI Bay Locations

y = 2E-05x + 0.2323 R² = 0.3889 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

Microcystins (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = -5E-07x + 0.0434 R² = 0.0095 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

Anatoxin-a (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = -7E-08x + 0.0097 R² = 0.0167 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 0.04 0.045 0.05 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

Cylindrospermopsin (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

y = -1E-07x + 0.0238 R² = 0.0039 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

Saxitoxin (ppb) Cell Counts (cells/mL)

The Relationship between Cyanobacteria Cell Counts and E. coli (2017)

y = -0.0023x + 115.12 R² = 0.0131

• 500

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

E.coli (CFU/100mL) Cyano Cell Counts (cells/mL)

The Relationship between Cyanobacteria Cell Counts and Enterococcus (2017)

y = -0.0014x + 77.021 R² = 0.0117

• 500

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

Entero (CFU/100mL) Cyano Cell Counts (cells/mL)

The Relationship between Microcystins and E. coli (2017)

y = -29.815x + 115.74 R² = 0.0076

• 500

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

E.coli (CFU/100mL) Microcystins toxin (ppb)

The Relationship between Microcystins and Enterococcus (2017)

y = -19.268x + 83.414 R² = 0.0062

• 500

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Entero (CFU/100mL) Microcystins toxin (ppb)

Modeling the Data (preview)

Location Analysis Parameter p-value Vista 3 Microcystin Water Temp 0.0002 Vista 3 Flow Cytometry Water Temp 0.0033 Sturgeon Bay Microcystin Water Temp 0.0396 Sturgeon Bay FC Rainfall 0.1336 Ferry Slip Microcystin Water Temp 0.0185 Air Temp 0.0598 Ferry Slip FC Rainfall 0.0919 Marina Microcystin Wind Speed 0.0210 Wind Direction 0.0388 Rainfall 0.0728 Relative Humidity 0.2363 Marina FC Rainfall 0.0184 Perry Monument Microcystin Water Temp 0.0025 Air Temp 0.0066 Wind Speed 0.0393

• E. coli (average)

0.1470 Perry Monument Flow Cytometry Wind Direction 0.0853 Rainfall 0.1152

Continued…

Modeling Data (preview)

Location Analysis Parameter p-value Boater’s Beach Microcystin Water Temp 1.712 e-06 Air Temp 6.285 e-06 Relative Humidity 0.1323 Boater’s Beach Flow Cytometry Water Temperature 5.404 e-05 Air Temperature 0.0001 Wind Direction (EW) 0.0018 Wind Speed 0.0973 Lake Cliff Boat Launch Microcystin Wind Direction (EW) 0.0653 Lake Cliff Boat Launch Flow Cytometry Water Temp 0.0181 Air Temp 0.0918 Shade’s Beach Microcystin Enterococcus (average) 0.0238 Shade’s Beach Flow Cytometry Wind Speed 0.1344

Continued…

2019 Season

• Continue Cyanotoxin Analysis
• Beach 6 Modeling w/ USGS
• Nutrient Analysis
• DNA Analysis
• Population Dynamics
• DNA and RNA analysis of water sample w/ Wilkes University
• Education and Outreach
• Veterinarians
• Public
• Citizen Science Training