Recent Harmful Algal blooms (HABs) Events in Indonesia By Hikmah - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Recent Harmful Algal blooms (HABs) Events in Indonesia

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms “What We Know, and What We Do Not Know on HABs” 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

By

Hikmah Thoha

Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Science Indonesia

Outline

❶ Recent HABs event in Indonesia: 1990 – 2015 ❷ Difficulties and Scientific subject needed on

Facing the HABs Problem in Indonesia

❸ Scientific activities ❹ Expectation to WESTPAC‐HAB and TMO project

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

❶ Recent HABs Event in Indonesia:

1990 – 2015

Year Causative species Groups Type of HAB Location Impacts

1991 Trichodesmium erythraeum Cyanobacteria Red tide Jawa Sea ‐ 1992 Gymnodinium sp./ Gonyaulax sp. Dinoflagellates Red tide Manokwari, Papua 1992 Gonyaulax sp. Dinoflagellates Red tide Jakarta bay 1993 Noctiluca scintillans Dinoflagellate Jakarta bay 1993 Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum Dinoflagellates Kao Bay, Halmahera 1994 Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum Dinoflagellates Ambon Bay 1995 Noctiluca scintillans Dinoflagellates Ambon Bay 1995 Trichodesmium sp. Cyanobacteria Ambon Bay 1996 Chaetoceros sp. Diatoms Ambon Bay 1997 Alexandrium affine Dinoflagellates Ambon Bay 1997 Gonyaulax spinifera Dinoflagellates West Sumatera 1997 Trichodesmium thiebautii Cyanobacteria Jakarta bay 1998 Chaetoceros spp Diatoms Ambon Bay 1999 Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum Dinoflagellates Lampung Bay 2012 Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum Dinoflagellates Toxin production Ambon Bay Health problem 2012 Chaetoceros spp. Diatoms Bloom Ambon Bay Oxygen depletion, fish kills 2012 Nitzcshia spp. Diatoms Bloom Ambon Bay Oxygen depletion, fish kills 2012 Other diatoms Diatoms Bloom Ambon Bay Oxygen depletion, fish kills 2012 Cochlodinium polykrikoides Dinoflagellates Lampung Bay 2013 Cochlodinium polykrikoides Dinoflagellates Lampung Bay 2015 Unknown Unknown Red tide Ai Island, Banda 2015 Coscinodiscus spp. Diatoms Bloom Jakarta Bay Oxygen depletion, fish kills 2015 Alexandrium spp. Dinoflagellates Bloom Jakarta Bay Oxygen depletion, fish kills

❶ Recent HABs Event in Indonesia:

1990 – 2015

Kao Bay, Halmahera Manokwari, Papua Jakarta Bay Lampung Bay Ambon Bay Fish kills in Jakarta Bay (Nov 2015) caused by Coscinusdiscus spp. & Alexandrium spp. Fish kills in Lampung Bay (2012) caused by Cochlodinium polykrikoides Fish kills in Ambon Bay (2012) caused by Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum Red tide in Ai Island, Banda (2015) Ai Island, Banda

Difficulties on facing the HABs problem in Indonesia

‐ Late response, no early warning system, limited fund to perform monitoring activities of the development of the HABs species in the bay ‐ Lack of laboratory equipment, difficulty in culturing the HABs species, lack of expertise of taxonomists. ‐ No routine shellfish toxicity monitoring activities.

Scientific subject necessary to solve the problem

‐ HABs causative species monitoring activities in time frame to specify and predict the HABs occurrence in specific condition ‐ Cysts beds study to map the distribution of bloom initiation area ‐ Culture and shellfish toxicity study to see the development and toxicity of the HABs species

❷ Difficulties and Scientific subject needed on

Facing the HABs Problem in Indonesia

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

❸ Scientific Activities

Year 2013 – 2015, study: Diversity of the phytoplankton and cyst responsible of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Indonesia with a special focus on the species Alexandrium sp., Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum

Publications:



• T. Sidabutar, H. Thoha, M. D. Bayu, A. Rachman, O. R. Sianturi, N. Fitriya, Muawanah, H.
• A. Mulyadi, S.Likumahua, E. Masseret (2016). Occurrences of Pyrodinium bahamense

blooms related to cyst accumulation in the bottom sediments in the bays at Ambon, Lampung and Jakarta, Indonesia. Harmful Algae News (52) 8‐9, Unesco publication. 

• H. Thoha, A. Rachman, T. Sidabutar, N. Fitriya, M. D. Bayu, Muawanah, M. Iwataki, K.

Takahashi, E. Masseret (2015). First record of the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Harmful Algae News (50) 14‐15, Unesco publication. 

• H. Thoha, Muawanah, M. D. Bayu, T. Sidabutar, A. Rachman, O. R. Sianturi, N. Fitriya,

Sugestiningsih, K. Takahashi, M. Iwataki, E. Masseret (2016) Dinoflagellate cysts distribution in the modern sediments of Lampung bay (Sumatra, Indonesia): a focus on the toxic species Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum and Alexandrium sp.. Asian CORE‐COMSEA Seminar on Coastal Ecosystems in Southeast 24‐26 February 2016. AORI The University of Tokyo Kashiwa, Japan.

❸ Scientific Activities

Year 2013 – 2015, study: Diversity of the phytoplankton and cyst responsible of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Indonesia with a special focus on the species Alexandrium sp., Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum

Next Publications:  Resting cysts distribution and genetic characterization of the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) in recent sediments from Lampung Bay (Sumatra, Indonesia), submitted for Oral Presentation by Mariana D Bayu in the 10th WESTPAC International Scientific Conference (April 2017), Qindao, China. Applying Travel Support & Young Scientist Travel Grant.  Distribution of Dinoflagellate Cysts in Modern Sediments of Ambon Bay, Indonesia: focus on three potentially toxic invasive HAB species Alexandrium sp., Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum and Cochlodinium polykrikoides, submitted for Poster Presentation in in the 10th WESTPAC International Scientific Conference (April 2017) , Qindao, China.

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

❸ Scientific Activities

Year 2016, study: The expansion of toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum/tamarense and Cochlodinium polykrikoides from Asia to the Mediterranean Sea. Oksto Ridho Sianturi Fellowship Granted for foreign researcher Ifremer Training activities:

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Cysts extraction

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Sediment culture experiment

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Cysts culture experiment

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DNA Extraction

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Molecular identification of Alexandrium and Cochlodinium

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

❸ Scientific Activities

Next Project (2017): Study of Phytoplankton Diversity responsible of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in Cirebon and Makassar Sea, Indonesia with a special focus on the species Alexandrium sp., Cochlodinium polykrikoides and Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

❸ Scientific Activities

Indonesian Researcher who study on HABs: ‐ Sem Likumahua, M.Si (RCDS‐LIPI): monitoring activities ‐ Muawanah (BPBBL): monitoring activities ‐ Untung Sugiharto, A.md (BATAN): Shellfish toxicity monitoring using RAB ‐ Sutanti, S.Pi & Novi Megawato, S.Pi (BATAN): Scanning Electron Microscope

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

❸ Scientific Activities

Laboratory equipment availability:

‐ Inverted microscope (RCO‐LIPI) ‐ Scanning Electron Microscope (BPPT) ‐ Memmert HPP 260 Culture Chamber (RCO‐LIPI) ‐ Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) machine (RCO‐LIPI).

Inverted microscope Memmert HPP 260 Culture Chamber

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

❹ Expectation to WESTPAC‐HAB and

TMO projects

WESTPAC Workshop on the Development of a Research Strategy for Harmful Algal Blooms 19‐21 December 2016 Institute of Oceanography, Nha Trang, Vietnam

More research collaboration between institutions and Capacity building for young scientists (Training course)

THANK YOU