Recent Harmful Algal Bloom Events in the Philippines Rhodora - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Recent Harmful Algal Bloom Events in the Philippines Rhodora Azanza , Garry Benico and Romella Berenguela The Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines, Diliman 1 RECENT SHELLFISH BAN DUE TO PYRODINIUM BLOOMS Two children died
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The Marine Science Institute University of the Philippines, Diliman
Two children died after eating shellfish contaminated with red tide in the province of Samar. In December 6, 2016 , 9 areas have been placed under shellfish ban by BFAR due to detection of PSTs beyond regulatory
Pyrodinium cells were documented in these embayments.
Philippines (Carles, Iloilo, Dauis Bohol and Aklan) as new additions
Data source: NFRDI, BFAR, UPMSI 1983‐Samar‐Leyte Epidemics 1987‐Manila Bay Epidemics 1992‐Various areas 2015‐2016‐Samar Leyte Pyrodinium blooms 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
50 100 150 200 250 300 350
1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
PSP Cases
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MSI, 2004
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in Northwestern Philippines and tropical region (Benico et
al 2012; Azanza and Benico 2013)
molecular identification confirmend the the presence of Alexandrium cf. pacificum in Bolinao Pangasinan (Benico et al 2016)
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Bolinao, Pangasinan
(Montressor et al, 2004), but Bolinao strain is slightly toxic (Benico 2015)
based on diagnostic thecal plates revealed that Alexandrium minutum Halim as the bloom species in Bataan, western side of Manila Bay .
be affected by Pyrodinium bahamense blooms during Southwest Monsoon , is now by being affected by blooms of Alexandrium minutum which usually starts during November (Northwest Monsoon)
6’’ 1’ APC Sp 2’’’’
51-90 41-50 31-40 21-30 1-20
Navotas, Metro Manila (2001) Romblon (1998) Masbate (2008, 2009) Ilo‐ilo (2006, 2010,2011) Aklan (2011) Antique (2001) Zamboanga del Norte (2014) Basilan (1989)
~300 CFP cases Mostly in Central Visayas Earliest in Basilan, Southern Philippines Highest documented case in Masbate with 89
In June 2010, 22 individuals experienced Ciguatera Fish poisoning symptoms in Iloilo after eating red snapper locally known as Maya maya “Lutjanus campechanus”
Journal of Environmental Science and management (Special Issue)
remnant fish eaten by affected individuals by BFAR
blood samples of affected patients confirmed the presence of Ciguatoxins
Deployment of Artificial substrate in 9 stations and incubation for 24 hours
Ostreopsis spp., Prorocentrum spp. , Coolia spp. etc
In September 16, 2014, 18 individuals experienced Ciguatera Fish poisoning symptoms in Zamboanga City after eating barracuda “Sphyraena sp.”
Symptoms Before Admission to Hospital Nausea Loose watery stools Body malaise Abdominal pain Numbness of extremities After admission to the hospital a) Physical examination Abdominal pain/tenderness Weakness moderate dehydration b) Neurologic examination hypersensitivity reaction to hot/cold
Diagnosed as Ciguatera Fish Poisoning by Dr. Eunice Aujero-Sapasap
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cell dimension of 20-30 um in length and 24-36 in width.
does not have a apical carina, nucleus is ovoid & located at the left hypotheca;
106 cells/L documented in Feb. 2013 sampling in the fish farming site in Bolinao-Anda coastal waters.
A B C D
HAGenomics , 2013
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and identified in during these bloom events i.e Scrippsiella spinifera and Scrippsiella trochoidea
documented in May 2011 at 2.4 x 105 cells/L (Azanza and Benico 2013) while bloom of Scrippsiella trochoidea was recently documented in Bolinao Pangasinan in April and May 2013 at 2.15x107 cells/L
HABGenomics, 2013
APC
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