Beitrge der Abfallverbrennung zu Urban Mining F. Winter 1 , J. Weber - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Beiträge der Abfallverbrennung zu Urban Mining

• F. Winter1, J. Weber1, D. Blasenbauer2, F. Huber2, J. Fellner2

1) Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Austria 2) Christian Doppler Laboratory for Anthropogenic Resources, Vienna University of Technology, Austria

Anthropogenic Resources

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Waste generation

Source: OECD Data 2015

Anthropogenic Resources

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Vienna – capital of Austria

• 1.7 million inhabitants
• 9 million t of waste annually (2009)

Viennese Perspective

1,89 6,75 0,36

Sewage sludge with ca. 96% water Non-hazardous waste Hazardous waste

In million t, data based on Viennese Waste Mangement Report 2012

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Vienna – non-hazardous waste

Viennese Perspective

4100 587 174 49 26 1 10 100 1000 10000 Soil & Construction Municipal solid waste Paper Bulky waste Used glass [kt]

In kilo t, data based on Viennese Waste Mangement Report 2012

Anthropogenic Resources

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Waste to Energy and more …

Municipial solid waste Fly ash Filter cake Slag / Bottom ash Fe and Non-Fe separation Fe and Non-Fe separation

Incineration

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Europe

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

grate rotary kiln fluidised bed furnace pyrolysis gasification Number of reference lines

Source: Review of the BREF for Waste Incineration 2016, Gleis M., Waste Management Vol. 6

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Austria

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 grate rotary kiln fluidised bed

Number of reference lines

Source: H. Stoiber, Umweltbundesamt, DepoTech 2016

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Vienna’s Waste Incineration Cluster

~106 t of waste are incinerated in Vienna each year

4 incineration sites with 13 lines

Anthropogenic Resources

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MVA Spittelau overview

• Incineration lines:

2

• Kapazität:

250.000 t/a

• Power:

thermal: 58 MW electric: 15 MW

• Grate furnace
• Flue gas cleaning: baghouse filter with activated coke

injection, scrubber 1, scrubber 2, SCR-plant

Anthropogenic Resources

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RHKW Linz

• Incineration lines:

1

• Capacity:

200.000 t/a waste 50.000 t/a sewage sludge

• Power:

thermal: ca. 45 MW electric: ca. 15 MW

• Fluidized Bed Combustion
• Flue gas cleaning: cyclone, baghouse filter with activated

coke injection, scrubber 1, scrubber 2, SCR-plant

• Special: combined combustion of MSW and sewage sludge,

The MSW is treated and homogenized in a waste treatment plant

Anthropogenic Resources

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Waste allocation in Vienna

23% 20% 21% 11% 16% 9% GF1 GF2 GF3 FB2 FB1 RK

• Approx. 1,025.000. t of waste/a

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Fly ash allocation in Vienna

18% 7% 8% 24% 38% 5% GF1 GF2 GF3 FB2 FB1 RK

• approx. 45.000 t of fly ash/a

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Slag / bottom ash allocation in Vienna

28% 27% 30% 6% 0% 9% GF1 GF2 GF3 FB2 FB1 RK

• approx. 160.000 t of slag and bottom ash/a

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Waste incineration residues in Vienna

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% GF1 GF2 GF3 FB2 FB1 RK Fly Ash Slag Bottom ash Filter Cake

• approx. 160.000 t of slag and bottom ash/a
• approx. 45.000 t of fly ash/a
• approx. 1.500 t of filter cake/a

Without separated metals

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Waste to Energy and more: Example Spittelau

Input (MSW): 199.500 t Fly ash 3.000 t Filter cake 230 t Slag / Bottom ash 41.500 t Fe and Non-Fe separation Fe and Non-Fe separation 3.500 t

Incineration

for 2011 Source: Umwelterklärung 2014, Wien Energie

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Mass reduction in Spittelau (Grate Furnace)

1000kg waste

Incineration 1.5 kg filter cake ~ 0.15 % 200kg slag/bottom ash ~ 20% 20kg fly ash ~ 2% Landfill for hazardous Waste Treatment then Landfill for non- hazardous waste 17,5kg scrap ~ 1.75%

Anthropogenic Resources

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Waste to Energy and more: Example RHKW Linz

Input (MSW and sludge)

• ca. 227.000 t

Fly ash 20.000 t Filter cake 223 t Bottom ash 33.600 t Fe and Non-Fe separation Fe and Non-Fe separation 305 t

Incineration

for 2014 Source: Umwelterklärung 2014, Linz AG Strom

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Mass reduction in RHKW Linz (fluidized bed)

1000kg waste

Incineration 0,98 kg filter cake ~ 0,1 % 148kg slag/bottom ash ~ 15% 88kg fly ash ~ 9% Landfill for hazardous Waste Treatment then Landfill for non- hazardous waste 1,3kg scrap ~ 0,1%

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Conclusions

• significant reduction in the mass of the waste (up

to about one fifth)

• significant reduction of the volume of the waste (up

to about one tenth)

• destruction of organic content
• controlled concentration of pollutants in fly ash and

filter cake (e.g. Cd, Zn)

• separation of metals from residues (Urban Mining)
• electricity and district heating generation

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Acknowledgements

The presented work is part of a large-scale research initiative on anthropogenic resources (Christian Doppler Laboratory for Anthropogenic Resources). The financial support of this research initiative by the Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth and the National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development is gratefully acknowledged. Industry partners co-financing the research center on anthropogenic resources are Altstoff Recycling Austria AG (ARA), Borealis group, voestalpine AG, Wien Energie GmbH, Wiener Kommunal-Umweltschutzprojektgesellschaft GmbH, and Wiener Linien GmbH & Co KG. The authors want to express their particular gratitude to the municipal department 48 of the City of Vienna for not only co-financing this project via its subsidiary WKU, but also for its essential contribution to the experiments in the form of facilities and staff. The International Energy Agency (IEA) – Fluidized Bed Conversion (FBC) Implementing Agreement is kindly thanked for fruitful discussions and the BMVIT for the financial support (FFG Project No. 843139).

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Thank you for your attention!