Assessing the chemical/microbiological contamination and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

4-6 October 2018, Agadir, Morocco

Presented by

• Dr. Emad Al-Karablieh

Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management. School of Agriculture The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Assessing the chemical/microbiological contamination and productivity in the agricultural production chain of model fruit species grown under irrigation with different kinds of reclaimed wastewater

• M. Del Bubba , M.C Bruzzoniti , E. Coppini, N. Ouazzani, L. Mandi , E. Al-Karablieh, A.

Kettab, and N. Boujelben

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Assessing the chemical/microbiological contamination and Assessing the chemical/microbiological contamination and Assessing the chemical/microbiological contamination and Assessing the chemical/microbiological contamination and productivity in the agricultural production chain of productivity in the agricultural production chain of productivity in the agricultural production chain of productivity in the agricultural production chain of model fruit species grown under irrigation with different model fruit species grown under irrigation with different model fruit species grown under irrigation with different model fruit species grown under irrigation with different kinds of reclaimed wastewater kinds of reclaimed wastewater kinds of reclaimed wastewater kinds of reclaimed wastewater

IRRIGATIO PROJECT IRRIGATIO PROJECT IRRIGATIO PROJECT IRRIGATIO PROJECT

ERANETMED_WATER-13-069

1 May 2016 – 30 April 2019 http://www.irrigatioproject.eu

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Objectives Objectives Objectives Objectives

• To support a techno-economic optimization of wastewater treatment lines

and their management in order to produce TW compatible with agriculture irrigation practices.

• To assess the chemical and microbial contamination of TW.
• To evaluate the effect of wastewater irrigation on soil, in terms of either

contamination or fertility.

• To assess the microbial contamination of the selected plant species
• To assess the chemical contamination in the plant organs and to evaluate

the resulting phyto-toxicity and/or health aspects

• To monitor cultivated plants growth, development and fruit production and

characteristics

• To obtain reliable indications about the feasibility of wastewater reuse and

the precautions and procedures to be adopted, relating to the different Mediterranean areas involved and different wastewater treatments used

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Objectives Objectives Objectives Objectives

• To evaluate and possibly increase the social acceptance of TW reuse

practice for agricultural irrigation.

• To evaluate the economic value of the TW compared with the one of

FW, thus suggesting appropriate pricing policies for TW use for irrigation.

• To estimate possible health-related effects of waterborne diseases in

the TW-exposed population.

• To disseminate information and project results aiming at increasing

farmer interest and social acceptance in the use of TW for agriculture irrigation.

• To assess the best practices of wastewater treatment and irrigation

that allow beneficial and safe reuse of TW, gathering them in a technical guide of “good practices”.

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

PC

University of Florence Department of Chemistry, Italy

Partner 2

GIDA S.p.A., Gestione Impianti Depurazione Acque S.p.A., Italy

Partner 4

The University of Jordan, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management, Jordan

Partner 6

National Engineering School of Sfax, Laboratory of Water Energy and Environment, Tunisia

Partner 1

University of Turin Department of Chemistry, Italy

Partner 3

University Cadi Ayyad, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Ecotoxicology and Sanitation, Morocco

Partner 5

Polytechnic National School, Research Laboratory of Water Sciences, Algeria

Partnership Partnership Partnership Partnership

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Work progress and achievement in relation to the foreseen objectives

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

To support the techno-economic optimization of wastewater treatment lines and their management in order to produce treated water compatible with agriculture irrigation practices The partners involved in this objective (PC, Partner 2 and Partner 3) have successfully accomplished the implementation of pilot plants devoted to the treatment of mixed urban-industrial wastewater. Partner 3 realized various pilot plants for the treatment of mixed urban-agro industrial (olive mill wastewater) sewages, testing them for the removal efficiency in terms

• f several macro-parameters.

Partner 2: implementation of a low- cost and low-technology treatment stage based on a submerged flow, horizontal/vertical constructed wetland (CW) treating the effluent of a membrane biological reactor (MBR)

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Assessment of the chemical and microbial contamination of treated waters (TWs) Constant monitoring of the TWs used by all Partners for the irrigation of model plant species (strawberry and olive)

• 1. basic quality parameters (all Partners):

total suspended solids, pH, COD, electrical conductivity, N and P species, Cl-, SO4

2-

• 2. organic micropollutants (PC, Partners 1,3,4)

ethoxylated alkylphenols (APEOs), their carboxylic (APECs) and phenolic (APs) degradation products, selected perfluorinated carboxylic and sulfonic acids (PFAAs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

• 3. heavy metals (all Partners):

Al, Fe, Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, total Cr and Cr(VI)

• 4. microbial contamination (Partners 2, 3, 4, 5)

Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Salmonella, Coliforms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostridium perfrigens Difficulties to accomplish the same kind of analysis were experienced among Partners, due to limited financial resources and expertise

Capacity building actions are in progress

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Assessment of the chemical and microbial contamination of treated waters (TWs)

• 1. microbial contamination Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Salmonella, Coliforms, Pseudomonas

aeruginosa, Clostridium perfrigens

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Evaluation of the effects of the irrigation with TWs on soil, in terms of both contamination and fertility For Italia, Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, experiments are currently conducted in:

• pots (strawberry)
• mesocosms (olives)

A number of basic quality parameters, some organic and inorganic micropollutants, as well as selected microbiological indicators have been determined before (all Partners) and after irrigation (data in progress), in

• rder to assess changes in soil fertility and pollution, eventually occurred.

For Algeria, field experiments are conducted for vine

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Monitoring of cultivated plants growth, development and fruit production and characteristics OLIVE Partner 3 , 4 and 6 monitored growth parameters (length of the main stem, diameter of the stem, number of leaves and number of buds per plant), physiological parameters (net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll rates), height and diameter of olive trees. No data regarding olives fruit are available due to the lack of fruit production during year 2017, probably attributable to transplant stress. STRAWBERRY Overall, PC, Partners 4 and 5 provided some information for strawberry (leaf number, plant height, crown diameter, number of buds in the crown, SPAD index ) PC and Partner 1 assessed the absence of transfer of contamination by organic micropollutants

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Evaluation of the economic value of TW compared to the one of FW Establishing economic value for water is considered to be one of the most discussed and debated issues related to economic efficiency of water use and its allocation. Water Value of Fresh water versus TWW by crop Type

Crop Type Fresh Water Blended Treated Wastewater) (KAC)) Field Crops

0.42 0.51

Vegetable-W

1.92 2.06

Vegetable-S

1.47 1.42

Citrus

0.68 0.55

Fruit Trees

0.96 0.52

Total

0.93 1.06 Water Value - Net Profitability (US$/m3)

Determinants of Farmers' Acceptance of Treated Wastewater in Irrigated Agriculture Results Shows that Water Quality and Quantity that farmers received, Educational Level, Irrigation System, Holding Types, Cropping Pattern- Cash Crops are likely to be the major determinants for the acceptance to use. Investigation of the impact

• f TW reuse on human

health

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Incidence of Diarrheal Diseases per 10,000 Person

NJV MJV SJV Jordan

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development

Dissemination of information and project results The web page www.irrigatioproject.eu is constantly updated by Partner 1. Divulgation to the scientific community The IRRIGATIO partnership has produced 3 articles; 5 contributions (3 posters and 2 oral presentations) to international conferences and 2 contributions (1 poster and 1 oral presentation) to national conferences. Dissemination to the social community The IRRIGATIO partnership has produced 4 talks and two posters in public events. Partner 3 organized the public event “A technical training about Sustainable management of waste water liquids and solids in territorial communes” in Marrakech (Morocco), Partner 5

• rganized the public event “Technical days on water and waste

water reuse” in Algiers, (21-22 May 2017) and Partner 6 organized the 2nd International Conference on Integrated Environmental Management of sustainable Development in Sousse (Tunisia).

Managing Water Scarcity in River Basins: Innovation and Sustainable Development