Workshop I PFAS W PF AS Water P r Permitting & Compliance - - PDF document

Workshop I

PF PFAS W AS Water P r Permitting & Compliance rmitting & Compliance Strat Strategies … Tips and Updat gies … Tips and Updates t s to Address the Comple Address the Complex and Ubiquit x and Ubiquitous

• us

Priority Emerging Contaminants Priority Emerging Contaminants

Thur Thursda sday, July 25, 20 , July 25, 2019 19 10:30 a.m. t :30 a.m. to Noon Noon

Biographical Information

Joel Eagle, Partner, Environmental Law Thompson Hine LLP 3900 Key Center, 127 Public Square, Cleveland, Ohio 44114 216-566-5938 Fax: 216-566-5800 joel.eagle@thompsonhine.com Joel is a partner in the Cleveland office of Thompson Hine and is a member of the firm’s environmental practice group. Joel assists private and public entities in the industrial, commercial and manufacturing sectors to achieve and maintain compliance with federal and state environmental laws and regulations and defends them in litigation and enforcement actions. Joel advises clients on all aspects of Superfund/Brownfield sites, due diligence and contract negotiations in the sale and purchase of businesses and

• properties. Joel also provides guidance on environmental permitting.

Prior to joining Thompson Hine in 2012, Joel practiced environmental law for several years in Chicago, IL. Joel received his business degree from the University of Iowa and his Juris Doctorate from the Chicago-Kent College of Law, where he earned a certificate in the Program of Environmental and Energy Law. Joel is currently the Vice-Chair of the Ohio State Bar Association’s Environmental Law Section. Rob Pfendler, Vice President / Operations Manager T&M Associates 4675 Lakehurst Court, Dublin, Ohio 43016 614-408-9224 Fax: 614-389-7082 rpfendler@tandmassociates.com Rob began his career in the environmental field with United McGill in Columbus, Ohio in 1992 as an application engineer for industrial air pollution control systems. In 1995, Rob began working as an environmental consultant and automation engineer for Los Alamos Technical Associates (LATA). He progressed at LATA over 23-years, and eventually became a VP and Director of Engineering and Environmental services. In that role, he led a staff of engineers, scientists, programmers, construction personnel, and technicians in the execution of engineering, environmental, process automation and intelligent transportation projects. Rob joined T&M Associates in 2017, where he manages operations in their Dublin, Ohio

• ffice, and also leads their national Electrical and Automation Practice. His

responsibilities include management of Environmental, Water Resources, Technology, and Automation service areas in the mid-west region. Rob graduated from Penn State University with a B.S. in Electrical Engineering.

M A N UFA C TURERS’ ED UC A TIO N C O UN C IL

PFAS WATER PERMITTING AND COMPLIANCE STRATEGIES:

Tips and Updates to Address the Complex and Ubiquitous Priority Emerging Contaminants

Joe l E agle , E sq., T hompson Hine L L P Robe r t Pfe ndle r , Vic e Pr e side nt, T &M Assoc iate s

July 25, 2019

WHAT WE WILL COVER

Wha t is PF

AS

Whe re do e s it c o me

fro m / Whe re do we find it

Huma n He a lth

E xpo sure / Risks

Re me dia tio n

Cha lle ng e s

E

PA PF AS Ac tio n Pla n

I

mpa c ts a nd stra te g ie s

• Supe rfund/ Bro wnfie lds
• Pe rmitting / E

nfo rc e me nt

• L

itig a tio n

• Dilig e nc e / T

ra nsa c tio ns

WHY IT MATTERS – FOREVER CHEMICALS

• Pro b le m F
• r All Sta te s.
• Ub iq uito us in e nviro nme nt / c he mic a lly

sta b le . Drinking wa te r supplie s.

• T
• xic ity studie s de ve lo ping q uic kly
• Ana lytic a l/ I

nve stig a tio n/ Re me dia tio n c ha lle ng e s

• Po te ntia lly hig h c o sts to industry, munic ipa litie s, sta te s
• Pub lic Re la tio ns a nd c o mmunic a tio ns
• Stra te g ie s – e xisting / ne w site s, pe rmitting a nd e nfo rc e me nt,

litig a tio n risks, tra nsa c tio ns/ risk ma na g e me nt

UNIQUE PROPERTIES OF PFAS

Hydr

• phobic / L

ipophobic

• do e sn’ t like wa te r (o ils/ fa ts)
• do e sn’ t stic k to a nything

Hydr

• philic
• a ttra c te d to wa te r
• disso lve d b y wa te r

PF AS = Pe r

• & Polyfluor
• alkyl Substanc e s
• Wha t ma ke s it so use ful, is a lso wha t ma ke s it so ha rd to a ddre ss.

PER- & POLYFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES (PFAS)

PF AS Pe r- Po ly-

Pe rfluo ro a lkyl Ac ids (PF AAs) Pe rfluo ro a lkyl Sulfo na te s (PF SAs) F luo ro te lo me r a lc o ho ls (F T OHs) F luo ro te lo me r sulfo na te s (F T Ss) Pe rfluo ro -1-o c ta ne sulfo na mide (F OSAs) Pe rfluo ro -1-o c ta ne sulfo na mido a c e tic a c ids (F OSAAs) Pe rfluo ro -1-o c ta ne sulfo na mide o e tha no ls (F OSE s) And ma ny o the r po lyfluo rina te d c la sse s

PF OA PF OS PF NA

Pe rfluo ro a lkyl Ca rb o xylic Ac ids (PF AAs)

F amily T r e e >3000 Synthe tic PF AS Compounds

TIMELINE FOR THE USE OF PFAS

1940’ s No nstic k Co a ting s (T e flo n™) & o the r fluo ro po lyme rs 1950’ s 1960’ s 1970’ s 1980’ s 1990’ s 2000’ s 2010’ s Sta in a nd wa te r re sista nt pro duc ts (Sta inma ste r™,Sc o tc hg ua rd ™) Pro te c tive c o a ting s a nd lub ric a nts Aq ue o us fire fig hting fo a ms (AF F F ) Wa te rpro o f/ b re a tha b le fa b ric s (Go re -T e x™) Arc hite c tura l Re sins Pha se -o ut o f U.S. pro duc tio n o f lo ng -c ha in PF AS a nd shift to sho rt c ha in PF AS Pro duc tio n b y E le c tro c he mic a l F luo rina tio n (E CF ) - 3M Pro duc tio n b y F luo ro te lo me riza tio n - DuPo nt

COMMON PRODUCTS CONTAINING PFAS

Non- stic k c oatings (e .g. T e flon™) Ae r

• spac e / Aviation Pr
• duc ts

Ce r tain c osme tic s, shampoo, c onditione r s, hand c r e ams, sunsc r e e n, toothpaste , de ntal floss Che mic al and te mpe r atur e r e sistant plastic s and tubing (e .g. T e flon™ tubing) Stain tr e atme nts for fabr ic (e .g. Sc otc hguar d™) Stain tr e atme nts for c ar pe t (e .g. Stainmaste r

™)

Photogr aphic anti- r e fle c tive c oatings Mist- suppr e ssant foams for e le c tr

• plating

Car wax Popc or n bags Wate r pr

• of/ br

e athable c lothing (e .g. Gor e - T e x) Class B aque ous fir e - fighting foams (AF F F ) Ar c hite c tur al c omposite r e sins Pape r and c ar dboar d c oatings

PFAS PREVALENCE

• 99% o f U.S. po pula tio n te sts po sitive fo r pre se nc e o f PF

AS in b lo o d se rum. Ave ra g e o f 4 ppb in Ame ric a ns

• I

t is e stima te d tha t E PA he a lth a dviso ry limits o f 70 ppt fo r PF OA a nd PF OS a re e xc e e de d in drinking wa te r supplie s fo r 15,000,000 Ame ric a ns. 1 g ra in o f sa lt / 1000 g a l o f wa te r

• F

ro m E PA UCMR3 sa mpling o f PWS with >10,000 pe o ple se rve d, E uro fins da ta se t indic a te d >20% o f the syste ms c o nta ine d PF OS a nd PF OA a b o ve de te c tio ns limits

• PF

AS ha ve b e e n fo und in o ur fo o d, wa te r, g ro undwa te r, wa ste wa te r, so ils, dust a nd a ir

PFAS COMPARED TO OTHER CLASSES OF COMPOUNDS

Comple x Mixtur e PF AS

PCBs Hydr

• c ar

bons

Stable Mole c ule Mobile in Wate r

1,4- Dioxane Chlor inate d Solve nts

F ro m: Gro undwa te r a nd PF AS - NGWA

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE OF PFAS

GROUNDWAT E R SOIL SURF ACE WAT E R

Waste wate r T r e atme nt Pr

• duc tion & Use

F ir e - F ighting F

• ams

Biosolids Applic ation L andfills

HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS AND PFAS

L a b o ra to ry studie s with a nima ls a nd e pide mio lo g ic a l studie s o f huma n po pula tio ns ha ve linke d so me PF AS with a dve rse huma n he a lth e ffe c ts, inc luding :

• He pa tic to xic ity,
• Re pro duc tive a nd de ve lo pme nta l to xic ity,
• Suppre ssio n o f the immune syste m, a nd
• Ca nc e r.

Only a fe w o f the 3000+ PF AS ha ve re c e ive d e xte nsive te sting .

POTENTIAL HUMAN EXPOSURE PATHWAYS

F

• od

Dr inking Wate r Dir e c t Contac t Air Oc c upational E xposur e Pe r sonal Car e Pr

• duc ts

REMEDIATION - SOIL

In- Situ:

• So il wa shing – limite d suc c e ss fo r so me PF

AS

• So lidific a tio n – c a n b e e ffe c tive to ho ld in pla c e

E x- Situ:

• E

xc a va tio n a nd dispo sa l a t a la ndfill

• E

xc a va tio n a nd inc ine ra tio n

REMEDIATION - GROUNDWATER

In- Situ:

• T

ra p in pla c e with c a rb o n (Plume Sto p ™)

• F

uture te c hno lo g ie s to tre a t in-situ a re unlike ly

• Co mplic a te s re me dia l e ffo rts fo r o the r

c o nta mina nts

E x- Situ:

• Pump-a nd-tre a t

WATER TREATMENT APPROACHES

PF AS Coagulation and F loatation Anion E xc hange Gr anular Ac tivate d Car bon Nano- F iltr ation Re ve r se Osmosis PF BA

Assume d Assume d

PF Pe A PF HxA PF HpA PF OA PF NA

Assume d

PF DA

Assume d

PF BS PF HxS PF OS

<10% Re mo va l 10 - 90% Re mo va l >90% Re mo va l Unkno wn

Ada pte d fro m E . Dic ke nso n e t a l. 2016

EPA PFAS ACTION PLAN

EPA PFAS ACTION PLAN (FEB. 14, 2019)

• Ma y 2018 PF

AS Na tio na l L e a de rship Summit

• Sta ke ho lde rs: F

e de ra l, sta te s, trib e s, lo c a l c o mmunitie s, industry g ro ups, a sso c ia tio ns a nd inte rna tio na l

• rg a niza tio ns
• Co o pe ra tive F

e de ra lism

• PF

OS/ PF OA v. a ll o the r PF AS

• Mile sto ne s a nd ta rg e ts
• I

mme dia te re a c tio ns

EPA PFAS ACTION PLAN – KEY PRIORITIES

Ac tion T iming (1) MCL

: Pro po se “re g ula to ry de te rmina tio n” – PF OA/ PF OS, b e g in pub lic c o mme nts Be g in in 2019 – se ve ra l ye a rs?

(2) CE RCL A Hazar dous Substanc e: PF

OA/ PF

• OS. Ho ld pa rtie s

re spo nsib le thro ug h re me dia l a nd re mo va l a c tio ns Be g a n 2018, o ng o ing (pro po se d b ipa rtisa n le g isla tio n, E PA a c tio n)

(3) Re me diation Standar ds: de ve lo p inte rim c le a nup g uida nc e

(PF OA/ PF OS), sta rting po int fo r site -spe c ific sta nda rds Antic ipa te d 2019

(4) E nfor c e me nt: Sta te / lo c a l a utho ritie s a s first line , fe de ra l a s

b a c ksto p Ong o ing

EPA PFAS ACTION PLAN – KEY PRIORITIES

Ac tion T iming (5) T

• xic ity: fina lize to xic ity a sse ssme nts fo r Ge nX c he mic a ls a nd

PF BS, a dditio na l to xic ity va lue s fo r o the r PF AS c he mic a ls 2019: PF BS a nd Ge nX 2020: Dra fts fo r 5 a dditio na l PF AS

(6) T SCA: e xisting c he mic a l re vie w a nd ne w SNURs

Sta rte d 2016, o ng o ing

(7) E PCRA 313 (T RI): Co nside ring a dding PF

AS c he mic a ls fo r T RI re po rting ; Whic h c he mic a ls still in c o mme rc e ? 2019

(8) Communic ations: De ve lo p c o nsiste nt me ssa g ing a nd

info rma tio na l ma te ria ls – fe de ra l, sta te a nd lo c a l sta ke ho lde rs Sta rting in 2019

PFAS – SHORT & LONG TERM STRATEGIES

Supe r fund / Br

• wnfie lds

Pe r mitting/ E nfor c e me nt Dilige nc e / T r ansac tions L itigation

SUPERFUND/BROWNFIELDS IMPACTS AND STRATEGIES

• HAL
• v. MCL

s (e nfo rc e a b ility)

• Ha za rdo us Sub sta nc e
• Ana lytic a l / I

nve stig a tio n / Re me dia tio n

• ARARs
• Sho rt te rm stra te g ie s

(pro a c tive a nd vo lunta ry o r ma nda te d)

Supe r fund / Br

• wnfie lds

Pe r mitting/ E nfor c e me nt Dilige nc e / T r ansac tions L itigation

EPA PFAS ACTION PLAN: (1) MCL

So urc e : E PA PF AS Ac tio n Pla n (E PA, 2019)

• Ac tion Plan Goal: “2019”

CURRENT/PROPOSED DRINKING WATER OR CLEANUP STANDARDS

* Re g ula te d a s ha za rdo us sub sta nc e

Jurisdic tion PF AS PF OA PF OS Note s

USE PA

No ne 70 ppt 70 ppt PF OA/ PF OS c o mb ine d, He a lth Adviso ry L e ve l

Alaska

70 ppt No ne No ne PF AS a c tio n le ve l g uida nc e fo r 5 PF AS

Califor nia

No ne 14 ppt 13 ppt (drinking wa te r no tific a tio n g uida nc e )

Color ado*

No ne 70 ppt 70 ppt PF OA/ PF OS c o mb ine d, site spe c ific c le a nup le ve l

Conne c tic ut

70 ppt No ne No ne Ac tio n le ve l fo r PF OA, PF OS, PF NA, PF HxS, PF HpA c o mb ine d

Massac huse tts

20 ppt No ne No ne Pro po se d GW-1 Sta nda rd fo r 6 PF AS, Pro po se d re po rting le ve l o f 70 ppt

Maine

70 ppt No ne No ne PF OA/ PF OS c o mb ine d.

Mic higan

No ne 70 ppt 70 ppt PF OA/ PF OS c o mb ine d, Pa rt 201 c le a nup c rite ria ; 5 ppt pro po se d

Minne sota

No ne 35 ppt 15 ppt he a lth-b a se d g uida nc e )

Ne w Hampshir e

No ne 38 ppt (pro p. MCL ) 70 ppt (pro . MCL )* PF NA – 23 ppt pro po se d PF HxS – 85 ppt pro po se d *Sum of PFOA and PFOS

Ne w Je r se y*

No ne 14 ppt (pro po se d MCL ) 10 ppt (inte rim GW re me dia tio n stds) 13 ppt (pro po se d MCL ) 10 ppt (inte rim GW re me dia tio n stds) PF NA – 13 ppt (fina l MCL )

Ne w Yor k*

No ne 10 ppt 10 ppt Pro po se d MCL s

Ve r mont*

20 ppt No ne No ne Drinking wa te r he a lth a dviso ry fo r 5 PF AS

EPA PFAS ACTION PLAN: (2) CERCLA HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE

• Ac tion Plan Goal: 2019
• CE

RCL A 102(a ) / 40 CF R 302.4

• PF

OS/ PF OA o nly

• PF

AS Ac tio n Ac t o f 2019: H.R. 535 (Ja n. 2019) & S. 638 (Ma rc h 2019)

• One -ye a r de a dline to list a ll PF

AS a s ha za rdo us sub sta nc e s

• Bipa rtisa n suppo rt

U.S. HOUSE COMMITTEE HEARINGS

• Se pt. 6, 2018 – Ho use Co mmitte e o n E

ne rg y a nd Co mme rc e Sub c o mmitte e o n E nviro nme nt: Pe rfluo rinate d Che mic als in the E nviro nme nt: An Update o n the Re spo nse to Co ntaminatio n and Challe ng e s Pre se nte d

• Ma rc h 6, 2019 - Ho use Co mmitte e o n Ove rsig ht

a nd Re fo rm, E nviro nme nta l Sub c o mmitte e : E xamining PF AS Che mic als and T he ir Risks

• He a lth Risks
• DOD – 400+ site s with c o nfirme d

re le a se s (24 o f 524 drinking wa te r syste ms > 70 PPT ); mig ra tio n o ffsite ?

• E

PA Ac tio n Pla n

PFAS DETECTION ACT OF 2019

• Pro po se d pla n to te st surfa c e

a nd g ro und wa te r fo r PF AS

• F
• c using o n site s ne a r kno wn

a nd suspe c te d c o nta mina tio n

• $45 Millio n to U.S. Ge o lo g ic a l

Surve y

• S.950 – I

ntro duc e d 3/ 28/ 2019

• Assig ne d to the Se na te

Co mmitte e o n E nviro nme nt a nd Pub lic Wo rks

FDA – PFAS WORKING GROUP

• I

nte rna l wo rking g ro up fo rme d in 2019

• T

e ste d pro duc e , me a t, da iry, a nd g ra in pro duc ts fro m kno wn o r suspe c te d c o nta mina tio n site s

• Co lla b o ra ting with Na tio na l

T

• xic o lo g y Pro g ra m, E

PA, a nd the Ce nte rs fo r Dise a se Co ntro l a nd Pre ve ntio n

SUPERFUND

• Ha za rdo us Sub sta nc e listing – CE

RCL A 102(a )

• Re me dia l a nd Re mo va l Ac tio ns
• NPL

site s – e xisting a nd ne w

• CE

RCL A 104(e ) info rma tio n re q ue sts

• F

ive Ye a r Re vie ws

• Site Re o pe ne rs
• Da ta g a the ring / sa mpling re q ue sts

EPA PFAS ACTION PLAN: (3) REMEDIATION STANDARDS

• Ac tion Plan Goal: 2019
• April 2019: E

PA “Dra ft I nte rim Re c o mme nda tio ns fo r Addre ssing Gro undwa te r Co nta mina te d with PF OA a nd PF OS” - sta rting po int fo r site spe c ific de te rmina tio ns

• CE

RCL A, RCRA, sta te c le a nup site s

• Guida nc e fo r o the r site s (e .g . a ppro ve d sta te

RCRA c o rre c tive a c tio n pro g ra ms)

PERMITTING AND ENFORCEMENT IMPACTS AND STRATEGIES

• NPDE

S a nd I ndire c t Disc ha rg e pe rmit mo nito ring

• Sta te re q ue sts fo r sa mpling , info rma tio n

g a the ring ; issua nc e o f NOVs

• “Po lluta nts a nd c o nta mina nts” – I

mmine nt a nd Sub sta ntia l Da ng e r – CE RCL A 106; RCRA 7003; SDWA 1431)

• Re me dia tio n Sta nda rds a nd tre a tme nt
• T

SCA – Se c tio n 4 (te sting ); Se c tio n 5 (SNURs fo r use , no tific a tio n a nd info rma tio n sha ring ), Se c tio n 8 (info rma tio n g a the ring - unpub lishe d a nd c o nfide ntia l studie s a nd risk re po rts)

• E

.g ., Che mo urs (NC) NOV

Supe r fund / Br

• wnfie lds

Pe r mitting/ E nfor c e me nt Dilige nc e / T r ansac tions L itigation

OHIO

• PF

AS Re spo nse Stra te g y: unde r de ve lo pme nt

• Curre nt: b rie fing ne w a dministra tio n
• Ohio E

PA c o mmitte e : e va lua ting po te ntia l so urc e s

• f dire c t c o nta mina tio n o f pro duc tio n we lls.
• F
• c us: prima ry PF

AS ma nufa c ture rs, se c o nda ry a nd te rtia ry la te r. F

• c us o n drinking wa te r supplie s.
• Buy-b a c k pro g ra m: AF

F Ffo r sma lle r c o mmunitie s

• Re q uire drinking wa te r supply te sting ?
• Purc ha se d instrume nt to te st PF

AS c o mpo unds.

• Milita ry (Wrig ht Pa tte rso n AF

B) a nd o the r site s (e .g ., L ittle Ho c king , Be lpre , T uppe r Pla ints)

STATE OF OHIO – AIR BASES

T

• le do OANG

Mansfie ld OANG Wr ight-Pate r son USAF B Ge nble USAF Spr ingfie ld OANG Ric ke nbac ke r OANG Ne wa r k AF B Air F

• r

c e Base #85 Mansfie ld OANG

• f Drinking Wa te r,

MICHIGAN (EGLE)

• “F

lint E ffe c t”

• PF

AS Ac tio n Re spo nse T e a m (E O 2019-03)

• Pa rt 201 c le a nup c rite ria fo r

g ro undwa te r use d a s drinking wa te r: 70 ppt PF OS + PF OA (fo r no w)

• I

ndustria l Pre tre a tme nt Pro g ra m: NPDE S & I ndire c t

• Sta te la b unde r de ve lo pme nt

– c urre ntly 10 ppt de te c tio n le ve l

so urc e : mic hig a n.g o v

CALIFORNIA

• Ma rc h 6, 2019 PF

AS “Pha se d I nve stig a tio n Pla n”

• Wa te r Qua lity Bo a rd o rde rs – a t le a st o ne ro und
• f te sting o f disc ha rg e s fo r po te ntia l PF

AS

• Pha se I

: a irpo rts a nd la ndfills, drinking wa te r so urc e s within 1 mile o f kno wn histo ric a l PF AS disc ha rg e rs

• Pha se 2: re fine rie s, b ulk te rmina ls, c e rta in fire fig hting tra ining

fa c ilitie s.

• Pha se 3: “Se c o nda ry” ma nufa c ture rs – T

BD

• I

mpa c t: Sta rt o f sig nific a nt re g ula to ry fo c us, no MCL in wo rks.

• Pro p 65: PF

OS/ PF OA a dde d e ff. No v. 2018; no sa fe ha rb o r se t

LITIGATION IMPACTS AND STRATEGIES

• Cla ss a c tio ns, Sta te AGs, Multi-

Distric t L itig a tio n (75+), priva te to xic to rt

• PI

, PD; Ne g lig e nc e , nuisa nc e , tre spa ss, fa ilure to wa rn, b a tte ry, stric t lia b ility – MT BE b lue print

• RCRA c itize n suits
• CWA – g ro undwa te r mig ra tio n

(c irc uit split)

• Pro p 65 a nd CA Sa mpling
• Ca usa tio n Jo int a nd se ve ra l lia b ility?

Supe r fund / Br

• wnfie lds

Pe r mitting/ E nfor c e me nt Dilige nc e / T r ansac tions L itigation

LITIGATION IMPACTS AND STRATEGIES

• Minne sota – 3M (Sc o tc hg ua rd) $850M se ttle me nt

(F e b . 2018)

• Ohio Rive r

– DuPo nt/ Che mo urs (T

e flo n) - $671M se ttle me nt (F e b. 2017)

• Ohio AG – 3M, T

yc o F ire Pro duc ts, Che mg ua rd, e t a l (De c . 2018 suit)

• Ohio – Hardwic k v. 3M e t a l.

• Cape F

e ar , NC - Dupo nt/ Che mo urs (D.NC 2018)(CWA dire c t/ indire c t)

• Mic higan – 3M/ Ge o rg ia Pa c ific (Pa rc hme nt); 3M/ Wo lve rine Wo rld Wide

(c la ss a c tio n, c o unte r c la ims) (2017)

• Ne w Yor

k – Sa int Go b a in Pe rfo rma nc e Pla stic s (Ho o sic k F

a lls, NPL )

• Othe r: AL

, CO, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, WV

DILIGENCE/TRANSACTIONS IMPACTS AND STRATEGIES

• AST

M 1527 – ha za rdo us sub sta nc e , a dd-o n to SOW

• Buye r re d fla g s – histo ric a l

usa g e , ne ig hb o ring pro pe rtie s

• Pro a c tive ste ps: Purc ha se

a g re e me nts sc o pe / de finitio ns, inde mnitie s, re le a se s, de e d re stric tio ns

Supe r fund / Br

• wnfie lds

Pe r mitting/ E nfor c e me nt Dilige nc e / T r ansac tions L itigation

TAKEAWAYS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• T

ip o f the ic e b e rg ? Re g ula to ry, to xic ity, pe rmitting , site inve stig a tio ns/ re me dia tio n, litig a tio n

• Pro a c tive v. re a c tive de c isio ns
• L
• ng te rm fe de ra l a nd sta te a c tio ns
• Co nduc t inve stig a tio ns unde r A/ C

privile g e

• Pub lic re la tio ns / risk ma na g e me nt
• Co o pe ra tive F

e de ra lism = Pro b le m F

• r All

Sta te s

• Sta y tune d…

QUESTIONS?

Joe l E agle , E sq.

Pa rtne r T ho mpso n Hine L L P 3900 K e y Ce nte r, 127 Pub lic Sq ua re Cle ve la nd, Ohio 44114

Offic e: 216.566.5938 E mail: jo e l.e a g le @ T

ho mpso nHine .c o m

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