SLIDE 1
Chemical Potential: gas
Need chemical potential at arbitrary temperature and pressure.
For an ideal gas:
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 2
Chemical Thermodynamics Chemical Potential: gas Need chemical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Chemical Thermodynamics Chemical Potential: gas Need chemical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Chemical Thermodynamics Chemical Potential: gas Need chemical potential at arbitrary temperature and pressure. For an ideal gas: Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 2 Chemical Potential: liquid Liquids are a little more complicated.
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
Chemical Potential: liquid
Liquids are a little more complicated.
Start by looking at a mixture of two different liquids.
Molar volumes:
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 3
SLIDE 4
Gibbs-Duhem equation
Total Gibbs energy
Two different expressions for dG.
Results in Gibbs-Duhem equation
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 4
SLIDE 5
Partial molar quantities
We will consider many different partial molar quantities.
Total quantity
Partial molar quantity
Sums of partial molar quantities
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 5
SLIDE 6
Partial molar volume
Partial molar volume can be determined experimentally.
Fitting a polynomial to a curve of total volume versus molality.
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 6
SLIDE 7
Partial molar volume
Given a binary liquid mixture knowing the partial molar volume of one component gives the other.
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 7
SLIDE 8
Chemical potential
For a pure substance in equilibrium liquid and gas chemical potentials are equivalent.
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 8
SLIDE 9
Chemical potential
Back to a liquid mixture.
The chemical potentials for a given component in solution and gas phase are equal.
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 9
SLIDE 10
Chemical potential
Chemical potentials of the two components are related.
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 10
SLIDE 11
Vapor pressure diagram
For an ideal solution of two volatile liquids
P-X diagram of an ideal binary solution.
CEM 484 Chemical Thermodynamics 11