Antonella Bogoni CNIT-TECIP Microwave Signal Generation High - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Antonella Bogoni CNIT-TECIP Microwave Signal Generation High - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 20, 2023 832 likes •1.18k views

Antonella Bogoni CNIT-TECIP Microwave Signal Generation High purity carrier generation Arbitrary waveform generation Terahertz signal generation Microwave Signal Distribution Analog photonic link Radio over Fiber Antenna

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Antonella Bogoni CNIT-TECIP

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Microwave Signal Generation

  • High purity carrier generation
  • Arbitrary waveform generation
  • Terahertz signal generation

Microwave Signal Distribution

  • Analog photonic link
  • Radio over Fiber
  • Antenna remoting

Microwave Signal Processing

  • Photonic ADC
  • Photonic beamforming
  • Photonic filters and up\down conversion

Microwave Signal Measurement

  • Instantaneous frequency measurement
  • Warfare Receiver
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  • Different functionalities could be exploited

via different systems: Different carrier frequency Different waveforms Different bandwidth ……

  • Currently each apparatus work in specific

conditions

  • The performance get worsen as the RF

frequency increases

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A multifunction radar is a single unit (operating in more than one band) will perform target detection and identification, tracking, discrimination on a large number of target as well as environmental mapping, communication links etc. etc..

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The evolution of software defined radar (SDR) receivers strongly depends on the progress

  • f high speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs)

The key challenges for a high-speed ADC that also represent the current electronic issues are: are:  Large input bandwidth (BW)  High sampling rates  Sensitivity and dynamic range (SNR & SFDR)  Quality of the digitized signal (ENOB) The surveillance of surrounding environment in complex scenarios can be enabled by Multifunctional Coherent Radar The key challenges for Software Defined Generator that also represent the current electronic issues are:  Wide bandwidth  Waveform flexibility  Carrier frequency flexibility (up to mmW)  Superior phase stability

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Today’s best electronic ADCs show only few GHz of analog BW, with a sampling clock aperture jitter of hundreds of femtoseconds Today’s best electronic DDS are available only at low frequency (few GHz) and they require analog up-conversion stages using mixers which introduces phase noise and distortions

RF frequency Phase noise ~1GHZ photonics electronics

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TX Electronic solutions Photonic-based solutions RF carrier Single band 400 MHz–50 GHz SNR > 60 dB >53 dB Jitter Depending on the RF > 100 fs at 10 GHz <10 fs Inst band Few MHz Up to 1 GHz Modulation formats Amplitude and phase coding Amplitude and phase coding

Our results

By MIT

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Optical Path Electrical Path

JOURNALS 1.Ghelfi P., et al., accepted for publication on Optics Letters 2013. 2.Ghelfi P., et al , IEEE J. Quantum Electron. Vol. 48, n. 9, 1151-1157, Sept. 2012. 3.Ghelfi P., et al, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 30, n.11, 1638-1644, June 2012. 4.Serafino G., et al , IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 29, n. 23, 3551-3559 December 2011.

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CW

Radar Pulse ν0 ν0 + NΔν NΔν + δν ν NΔν + δν ν NΔν + δν ν

ν

ν0 ν ν0 + NΔν Mod.

CW

The phase stability is the main issue Complex feedbacks are required

Optro-electro transducer Optical specturm Electrical specturm Optical specturm Continuous wave LASERS f=N∆ν

NΔν + δν ν

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  • Phase locked modes should ensure high phase stability of the RF signal
  • Selecting couple of modes at variable detuning, RF signals at tunable carrier can be

generated

  • To avoid phase variation due to mechanical vibrations, the scheme should exploit

integrated optics

MLL

MZM

Waveform Generator ν0 ν0+NΔν NΔν

ν ν ν ν0 + NΔν ν0 ν ν ν0

Δν MLL

MZM MZM

Waveform Generator ν0 ν0+NΔν NΔν

ν ν ν ν0 + NΔν ν0 ν ν ν0

Δν

f=N∆ν Optical specturm Optical specturm Pulse laser Optical filters Modulator

NΔν + δν ν

Electrical specturm

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100 200 300 400 500 600 10 20 30 40 50 60 RF Frequency [GHz] Timing Jitter [fs]

Integration Intervals: Integration Intervals:

 It is constant for any generated frequency  The measured timing jitter is low (2.5% of the carrier period at 50GHz)

530fs 4fs

  • G. Serafino, IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 29, n. 23, 3551-3559 December 2011.
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Optical Path Electrical Path

JOURNALS 1.Ghelfi P., et al., accepted for publication on Optics Letters 2013. 2.Ghelfi P., et al , IEEE J. Quantum Electron. Vol. 48, n. 9, 1151-1157, Sept. 2012. 3.Ghelfi P., et al, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 30, n.11, 1638-1644, June 2012. 4.Serafino G., et al , IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 29, n. 23, 3551-3559 December 2011.

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MLL MZ mod. ADC Received RADAR signal Time Domain Parallelizer (DEMUX) ADC

…

t t

÷N

t t

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MZswitch MZswitch MZswitch

RF Port 1 RF Port 2 RF Port 3 Optical input

t t

Optical Output 1 Optical Output 2 Optical Output 3 Optical Output 4

t t t t t

1:4 parallelizer

Device developed by Selex, within Nexpresso project

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Optical Path Electrical Path

JOURNALS 1.Ghelfi P., et al., accepted for publication on Optics Letters 2013. 2.Ghelfi P., et al , IEEE J. Quantum Electron. Vol. 48, n. 9, 1151-1157, Sept. 2012. 3.Ghelfi P., et al, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 30, n.11, 1638-1644, June 2012. 4.Serafino G., et al , IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 29, n. 23, 3551-3559 December 2011.

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SFDR = 15dBc 2th HR = 38dBc SFDR = 57dBc 2th HR = 55dBc SFDR = 65dBc 2th HR = 55dBc

Raw data Gain\offset equalization Time skew equalization

Performances enhancement due to the Digital Signal Processing

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TX Jitter <10 fs SNR >53 dB RF carrier 400 MHz–50 GHz Inst band Up to 1 GHz Modulation formats Amplitude and phase coding RX ENOB > 7 carrier 400 MHz-40 GHz Inst band Up to 1 GHz

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RF Carrier 9.9GHz CW RF Output Power

  • 30dBm

Waveform type Pulse, Barker, Frank, PRBS, Golay Waveform bandwidth 40MHz max Waveform IF 100 MHz Waveform IF power About 10dBm RF Received Carrier DC-20GHz Input power About 0dBm (max 10dBm) Sampling frequency 16MHz, 80MHz, 400MHz Received Bandwidth 8MHz, 40MHz, 200MHz

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Multiband integrated arrayed RADCOM system (radar and communication) ENOB (Effective Number of bits)> 10; SINAD (Signal to noise and distortion) >60dB Low phase noise SNR > 60 dB Instantaneous bandwidth up to 1GHz Detection, tracking of multiple targets– high resolution imaging

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  • 1. P.Ghelfi, F. Laghezza, F. Scotti, G. Serafino, S. Pinna, A. Bogoni “Advanced Photonic architectures for Radar Systems” Optics

Express Vol. 21, n. 19, 2013.

  • 2. Ghelfi P., Laghezza F., Scotti F., Serafino G., S. Pinna, Bogoni A.“ PHODIR: Photonics-based fully digital radar system”, 2013

IEEE International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP), Alexandria, Virginia, USA.

  • 3. Ghelfi P., Laghezza F., Scotti F., Serafino G., S. Pinna, Bogoni A.“Photonic-assisted RF transceiver” ECOC 2013, London UK,

September 2013

  • 4. Bogoni A., “Photonics for new generation fully-digital radar and wireless communication systems: from the photonic-based RF

signal generation to the optical RF sampling”, Plenary talk, International Workshop pn telecommunications, Brazil, May 2013.

Invited contributions

  • 1. Ghelfi P., Serafino G., Scotti F., Laghezza F., and Bogoni A., “Flexible Receiver for Multi-Band OFDM Signals at Millimeter-

Waveband based on Optical Down-Convertion”, Optics Letters vol.37, n.18, pp. 3924-3926, 2012.

  • 2. Ghelfi P., Scotti F., Laghezza F., and Bogoni A., "Phase Coding of RF Pulses in Photonics-Aided Frequency-Agile Coherent Radar

Systems", IEEE J. Quantum Electron. Vol. 48, n. 9, 1151-1157, Sept. 2012.

  • 3. Ghelfi P., Scotti F., Laghezza F., Bogoni A., “Photonic Generation of Phase-Modulated RF Signals for Pulse Compression

Techniques in Coherent Radars”, IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 30, n.11, 1638-1644, June 2012.

  • 4. F. Laghezza, F. Berizzi, A. Capria, A. Cacciamano, P. Ghelfi, G. Serafino, A. Bogoni. “Reconfigurable Radar Transmitter Based on

Photonic Microwave Signal Generation”. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MICROWAVES AND WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES Volume 3, Special Issue 03, pp 383-389. 2011.

  • 5. Scotti F., Ghelfi P., Laghezza F., Serafino G., Pinna S., Bogoni A., “Flexible True-Time-Delay Beamforming in a Photonics-Based

RF Broadband Signals Generator”, ECOC2013, London, UK, Sept. 2013.

  • 6. Pierno L., Fiorello A.M., Bogoni A., Ghelfi P., Laghezza F., Scotti F., Pinna S., “Optical switching matrix as Time Domain

Demultiplexer in photonic ADC”, EUMiC 2013.

  • 7. Scotti F., Laghezza F., Pinna S., Ghelfi P., and Bogoni A., "High Precision Photonic ADC with Four Time-Domain-Demultiplexed

Interleaved Channels", Photonics in Switching 2013, TuO1-3, Osaka,.

  • 8. Laghezza F., Scotti F., Pinna S., Ghelfi P., Bogoni A., “Jitter-Limited Photonic Analog-to-Digital Converter with 7 Effective Bits for

Wideband Radar Applications”, International Radar Conference 2013, Canada

  • 9. Ghelfi P., Serafino G., Scotti F., Laghezza F., Bogoni A., "Flexible Multi-Band OFDM Receiver Based on Optical Down-Conversion

for Millimeter Waveband Wireless Base Stations", P6.06, ECOC 2012, Amsterdam, The Nederlands, 2012

Regular contributions

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e ma il: a nto ne lla .b o g o ni@ c nit.it

tha nk yo u!