@lunivore An Example of an Example Given Fred has bought a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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@lunivore An Example of an Example Given Fred has bought a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feb 03, 2024 155 likes •910 views

Liz Keogh @lunivore An Example of an Example Given Fred has bought a microwave And the microwave cost 100 When we refund the microwave Then Fred should be refunded 100. Examples Given a context When an event happens Then an outcome

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Liz Keogh @lunivore

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An Example of an Example

Given Fred has bought a microwave And the microwave cost £100 When we refund the microwave Then Fred should be refunded £100.

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Examples

Given a context When an event happens Then an outcome should occur

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GROW

Goal Reality Options Way forward

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GROW

Given a context When an event happens Then an outcome should occur

Goal

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GROW

Given a context When an event happens Then an outcome should occur

Reality

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GROW

Given a context When an event happens Then an outcome should occur

Options / Way Forward

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PDCA

Plan Do Check Act

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Acceptance criteria vs. Scenarios

Given Fred has bought a microwave And the microwave cost £100 And the microwave was on 10% discount When we refund the microwave Then Fred should be refunded £90.

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Acceptance criteria vs. Scenarios

Given an item was sold with a discount When a customer gets a refund Then he should only be refunded the discounted price.

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Acceptance criteria vs. Scenarios

Items should be refunded at the price at which they were sold.

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Well-formed outcomes

Sensation Vision Hearing Smell Taste

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Examples

Given Jane would like some tools for changing her life When she comes to my talk Then she should leave happy.

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“leave happy”

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Will it actually happen that way?

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Acceptance criteria vs. Scenarios

I want people to have happier lives because of this talk.

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Outcome vs. Impact

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Cynefin

Simple Complicated Complex Chaotic

With thanks to David Snowden and Cognitive Edge

Kuh-neh-vin

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Cynefin

With thanks to David Snowden and Cognitive Edge

Disorder

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Cynefin

Simple Chaotic

With thanks to David Snowden and Cognitive Edge

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Cynefin

Breaking things down

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Cynefin

Trying things

  • ut
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Talking through outcomes works really well…

…hereish.

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Is there a context in which this event will create a different outcome?

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Examples

Given Jane would like some tools for changing her life When she comes to my talk Then she should leave happy.

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Examples

Given Steve thinks he can’t change his life And he can When he comes to my talk Then he should leave feeling troubled and uncertain.

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Examples

Given I am a deep sleeper When I fly to Chicago Then I should still wake refreshed and ready to speak next day.

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Is this the only outcome that matters? If we could achieve it with pixies, would it be enough?

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Examples

Given Steve thinks he can’t change his life And he can When he comes to my talk Then he should leave feeling troubled and uncertain And he should get in touch

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The language of uncertainty

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“Should”

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Examples

Given Dan knows more about BDD than I do When he comes to my talk Then ...?

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Dan North’s “Three Ages”

Explore: Optimise for Discovery Stabilize: Optimize for Repeatability Commoditize: Optimize for Efficiency

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Still learning…

Panic: Optimise for Survival?

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Innovation

Simple Complicated Complex Chaotic

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GROW

Given a context When an event happens Then an outcome should occur

Options / Way Forward

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Vision

Makes money Saves money Protects money

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Goal

Needed to go live

Incidental Stake- holder

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Capability

Users can achieve a business

  • utcome
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Feature

User interface component which enables a capability

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Story

A slice through a feature to enable faster feedback

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Scenario

An example

  • f how the system

might behave from a user perspective

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Code

Ideas turning into reality

Developer

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Vision Goal Capability Feature Story Scenario Code

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Hunt the value aka Why?

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Goal

Needed to go live

Incidental Stake- holder

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Fractal beauty

Vision

Goal Goal Goal

Capability Capability

Feature Feature Feature Story Story Story

Scenario Scenario Code Code Code

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Goal

Scenario

Goal

Feature

A Real Project

Vision

Goal

Capability Capability

Feature Feature Story Story Story

Scenario Code Code Code

Whoops, forgot Oops, didn’t know about that… Look what I found! Don’t need this… Can’t remember what this was for…

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Goal

Scenario

Goal

Feature

A Real Project

Vision

Goal

Capability Capability

Feature Feature Story Story Story

Scenario Code Code Code

Whoops, forgot Oops, didn’t know about that… Look what I found! Don’t need this… Can’t remember what this was for… Um Er… Oh! Oh F… Dammit! Hmm! That’s funny! Ooh, look! Interesting! Sh..! Oops!

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We’re discovering how to build software by doing it

Vision

Goal Goal Goal

Capability Capability

Feature Feature Feature Story Story Story

Scenario Scenario Code Code Code

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We’re discovering how to discover stuff by doing it

Whoops, forgot Oops, didn’t know about that… Look what I found! Don’t need this… Can’t remember what this was for… Um… Er… Oh! Oh F… Dammit! Hmm! That’s funny! Ooh, look! Interesting! Sh..! Oops!

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Traditional

Rework Developers Testers Deliberate discovery skillz

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Options have value. Options expire. Never commit early unless you know why.

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BDD

Less Rework Developers Testers Deliberate discovery skillz Testers

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Life doesn’t have bugs, just apologies

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BDD

Context Event Outcome Test Deliberate Discovery

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A Naïve Scenario

CONTEXT EVENT OUTCOME Well-formed

  • utcome

Event which leads to the

  • utcome

Reality. It’s all good, right?

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Reality. It’s all good, right?

Subgoals

CONTEXT EVENT OUTCOME Well-formed

  • utcome

Event which leads to the

  • utcome

Unwanted Context Unwanted Outcome!

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Unwanted Context

Subgoals

CONTEXT EVENT OUTCOME Well-formed

  • utcome

Event which leads to the

  • utcome

Replacement context Unwanted Outcome!

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Given Scenario

CONTEXT EVENT OUTCOME Well-formed

  • utcome

Event which leads to the

  • utcome

Unwanted Context Replacement context EVENT OUTCOME Event which leads to replacement

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Changing reality

CONTEXT EVENT OUTCOME Well-formed

  • utcome

Event which leads to the

  • utcome

Unwanted Context Replacement context EVENT Event which leads to the replacement CONTEXT

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Creating options

Is there any context which we could introduce in which more events would give us

  • utcomes we want?
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The Next Goal

flickr: urbandecay

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Liz Keogh http://lizkeogh.com @lunivore