Animation Example: Cloth time evolution of a mesh subject to - - PDF document

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Animation Example: Cloth time evolution of a mesh subject to - - PDF document

Animation Example: Cloth time evolution of a mesh subject to Simulation with Meshes internal forces stretch and bending stretch and bending external forces From Volino & Magnenat-Thalmann gravity, drag, user applied


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SLIDE 1

Simulation with Meshes

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Animation

Example: Cloth

 time evolution of a mesh subject to

 internal forces

 stretch and bending CS 176 Winter 2011

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 stretch and bending

 external forces

 gravity, drag, user applied forces

 setting it up

From Volino & Magnenat-Thalmann

Setup

Vertices as functions of time

 position, velocity, acceleration

d d ( d )

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 time dependence (first order)

Discretization

Time stepping

 forward Euler

b k d l

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 backward Euler

 implicit equation! BUT: stable!

Implicit Solution

Simple approach

 linearize f (Taylor series to 1st order)

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Time Stepping

Final equation

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 now just need f…  classic approach: potential energy

 force follows as negative gradient

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SLIDE 2

Energies and Forces

Approaches

 continuum models

 discretization through finite

elements/volumes/differences

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elements/volumes/differences

 discrete models

 simplest example: mass/spring

systems

Baraff & Witkin

Constraints as key element

 forces given directly

 in a moment…

ilib i i hi diti

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 equilibrium as vanishing condition  ancillary energy

numerical device (not physics!)

constraint forces

Forces Continued

Need further derivatives

 stiffness matrix

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C(x) Functions

What do we want?

 resist stretch and shear  measure with the deformation

tensor

i i l fi i d f d fi i

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tensor

v w a b

  • riginal configuration

deformed configuration

Deformation Gradient

v w a b

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constant…

Damping Forces

Necessary for simulation

 in direction of force  proportional to velocity

gradient in direction of velocity

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 Hessian

direction magnitude compare to

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SLIDE 3

Damping Forces

Hessian

 get rid of non-symmetric term

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 depends on velocity

Oy Ve…

What else?

 actual constraints…

 point constraints easy

(l t’ j t l it t th t f )

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 (let’s just leave it at that for now)

Bending

 much smaller component but can

be important

Bending

Guess what: dihedral angle

 next time

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