Analysis(of(Central(Enterprise(Architecture - PDF document

Analysis(of(Central(Enterprise(Architecture Elements(in(Models(of(Six(eHealth(Projects Hannu(Virkanena,(Juha(Mykkänena a HIS R&D, School of Computing, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio

! Contents • Background!(research,!projects,!motivation) • Applied!models!and!methods ;!constructed!concept!model ;!research!process!(by!an!example) • Materials!and!analysed!projects – general!information!of!the!projects – research!by!numbers • Results • Discussion!and!conclusions ! 2

! Background • The!work!was!carried!out!by!the!authors!of!the!paper,!working!in!the Health!Information!Systems!Research!and!Development!research!group (HIS!R&D)!in!University!of!Eastern!Finland: • SOLEA!research!project:!(hKp://uef.fi/en/solea/) – a!multiPdisciplinary!project!concentrating!on!servicePoriented!enterprise architecture!in!2008P2011 – !one!of!the!primary!research!questions!was!related!to!the!representation!of different!elements!of!Enterprise!Architecture – funded!by!Finnish!Funding!Agency!for!Technology!and!Innovation!TEKES • “EA!knowhow!in!wellbeing!services”!project (hKp://www.uef.fi/fi/aducate/kokonaisarkkitehtuuri) – educational!project!for!(healthcare)!IT!specialists!and!computing!science students!(39cr!ECTS) – supported!by!the!European!Union!Social!Fund. – a!poster!of!the!project:! “Enterprise*Architecture*/*Continuing*Educational*Program” also!in!MIE!2014!(KarjalainenPJurvelin,!Mykkänen,!HoKi,!Virkanen) ! ! 3

! Background+–+the+subject+area+of+the+paper • large(scale!initiatives!for!eHealth!services!have!been!established!in!many countries!on!regional!or!national!level • use!of!Enterprise!Architecture!has!been!suggested!as!a!methodology!to:!! govern and!support!the!initiation,!specification!and!implementation!of!large(scale!initiatives • Enterprise!Architecture!also!includes!a!governance!of!business!changes!as!well!as!for!the information!technology • EA!frameworks!provide!such!tools!as: – !taxonomies!of!models!(artifacts) – and!elements!(concepts)!contained!in!the!models – separation!of!concerns!(viewpoints,!layers,!aspects) …!which!were!utilized!and!applied!in: • the!analysis!of!six!eHealth!IT!projects!in!relation!to!Enterprise!Architecture elements,!focusing!on!central!EA!elements!and!viewpoints!in!different!projects reported!in!the!paper • =>!results!aim!to!highlight!most!commonly!used!representation!types!for different!EA!viewpoints!and!elements,!and!form!basis!for!creating!good modelling!practices!for!different!types!of!projects ! ! 4

! Applied'models'and'methods !–!a!constructed concept!model!to!map!the!observations!to: ! • Model !is!a!representation!of!real!work!phenomenon: – A!model!is!representing!the! Target'of'the'model' located!in!the! Focus'area' of the!specification!work!in!the! Real'world – For!example:![ Hospital'X'(<: Focus&area )' has! different'information'systems' ] (<: Target&of&the&model ) ,!which!are!described!in!an!architectural!specification document!as! Application'diagram'of'Hospital'X'(<: Model ) ! 5

! Applied'models'and'methods' …continued ! • Model !is!of!certain! Representation'type :! In!the!example:! Application*diagram*of Hospital*X*(<5 Model )* Representation+type+ is + Application*diagram • Model!includes! Element s:! In!the!example:! Application*diagram*of*Hospital*X* Element+ is the!Application • Certain!Elements!can!be!seen!as! Central'Architecture'Elements:' in!the!example they!are!the! Applications* (not!for!example!the!connections!between!different!system, which!would!be!in!case!of!Application!Communication!Diagram!) • Each!Element!has!an! Element'type' and ' belongs!to!certain! Primary'EA Viewpoint:' in!the!example :* Element!Type/CAE! Application* belongs!to! Application ! Architecture* ( also!can!be!found!in!TOGAF!Enterprise!Architecture!Framework!among!others ) 6

! Applied'base'models • TOGAF!–!Enterprise!Architecture!Framework!9 Content&Metamodel :!used!as!a!basis/template!for Models/Representation'types/Representation'basic types – types!of!Diagrams,!Matrices,!Catalogs!etc… ! • ArchiMate!Enterprise!Architecture!notation:!used!as basis!for! Elements/Element'types/Central Architecture'Elements – Processes,!functions,!applications!etc. ! which!are!mapped!to: ! • TOGAF!(and!many!other!EA)!Frameworks’!9 Viewpoints :!applied!to! Primary'EA'Viewpoints:''= Business,&Application,&Information,&Technology,&(Misc.) ! TOGAF:!hLp://pubs.opengroup.org/architecture/togaf99doc/arch/index.html!! 7 ArchiMate:!hLp://pubs.opengroup.org/architecture/archimate9doc/ts_archimate/front.html

The$models$and$methods$–$research$process$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$combined$to$the$concept$model ! 1)$Discover$a ! Model !in!the!specification document!and!write!the!discovery!down (=row)!by!naming!models:! Target'of'the Model, 2)$Identification$of$the$model:$ by!identifying!a Representation$type$ of!the!model(!in!example: a! process''map) !and!! Central$Architecture Elements !(in!the!example! processes'and organizational'units' ~1:1!ArchiMate!!elements ) ! Phases!1)!to!2)!!repeated 3)$Summaries,$synthesis,$$analysis *!models!in!the!documents ( coming'in'the' Results'section ) *!specification!documents!in!the project 8 ! 8 KA+osaaminen!hyvinvointipalveluissa 31.8.2014

! Materials)and)analysed)projects ! • TAPAS :!project!specifying!regional!and!local!reference!architecture for!health!information!systems!by!the!Finnish!Association!of!Local and!Regional!Authorities • MyWellbeing :!a!sub<project!related!to!reference!architecture!for citizen<centric!health!and!wellbeing!tool!(Coper),!a!R&D!effort funded!by!Finnish!Funding!Agency!for!Technology!and!Innovation TEKES!and!carried!out!by!number!of!universities,!companies!and service!providers • TJSERT :!a!project!specifying!the!Certification!requirements!for systems!and!organizations!to!support!national!ePrescription,!by!the National!Institute!of!Health!and!Welfare!in!Finland ! 9

! Materials)and)analysed)projects …Analysed*projects*continued: • eKat :!project!for!creating!national!architectural!guidelines!for eBooking!of!health!services!by!the!Ministry!of!Social!Affairs!and Health,!coordinated!by!City!of!Oulu • SOLEA)SE :!subproject!of!SOLEA!related!to!the!architecture!for service!events!to!support!patient!documentation!in!relation!to!the national!EPR • OpenCDA :!HL7!CDA!implementation!guide!project!for ePrescription!by!HL7!Finland!Association!and!the!National Insurance!Institute!Kela Summary)of)the)projects: • national!or!nationally!applicable!eHealth!related!projects • funded,!supported!and!conducted!governmental!agencies: ministries!and!other!expert!organizations ! ! ! 10

! Results'(' Summary!of!the!research!by!numbers • The!documentation!of!selected!six!eHealth!projects!consisted!of: – 218!different! targets'of'the'models – 803!identified! models – of!135!different! representation'type s • notable:!difference!between!holistic!EA!–documentation!and!target oriented!specific!documentation!(TAPAS!vs.!TJSert)) ! ! 11

! Results'('Viewpoints • Summary!of!division!of!CAEs!!(in!models!)!by!different!EA!viewpoints!(in each!case!project) • notable:!difference!between!holistic!EA!type!projects!(for!example:!TAPAS: diverse/BusinessEoriented)!and!detailed!specifications!(OpenCDAEfewer viewpoints!concerned/TechnologyEoriented) ! 12

! Results'–'Representation'Types • summary!of!the!most!common!representation!types!in!all!case!projects – generic!representation!types!were!most!frequently!used!(text,!lists,!tables,!catalogs) – by!EA!Viewpoints:!technologyBoriented!projects!used!more!formal!representations – some!representation!types!are!clearly!most!specific!for!a!given!EA!viewpoint!e.g. • XML!extracts!or!code!fragments!in!technologyBoriented!targets, • architecture!diagrams!in!application!or!business!viewpoints. Numb Numbe er of r of Numb target instanc er of Busin Applica Inform Technol Representation type/basic type s es cases Misc. ess tion ation ogy narrative text 70 137 6 20 26 31 31 8 list or catalogue 41 58 4 11 16 12 12 5 architecture diagram 19 36 6 1 14 31 5 3 data directory or information list 18 24 4 0 1 0 16 12 requirements catalogue 16 183 3 19 11 26 8 3 generic structured table 14 33 3 5 6 3 5 3 XML extract 14 67 1 0 0 0 0 14 hierarchical catalogue or list 9 9 2 5 3 1 1 2 list of design decisions / principles 6 15 2 3 4 9 3 0 ! catalogue of IT / application services 6 14 3 1 2 11 1 0 13 code fragment 5 19 2 0 0 0 4 5 list of concepts 4 4 4 0 1 0 3 0

! Discussion(and(conclusions •the!results!provide!interesting!insight!into!the!modeling conventions!of!eHealth!projects!(for!example!by!used elements!/viewpoints!analysis) •the!usefulness!of!models!was!not!qualitatively!evaluated (for!example!model:!good/bad,!only!instance!count), – although!such!evaluation!was!performed!in!some!case!projects •despite!this!=>!resulted!methodology!and!results!can!be used!as!a!basis!of!further!developing!EA/other!notations and!as!basis!for!good!modelling!practices!for!different!types of!projects Thank!you! Writers'also'would'like'to'Thank'our'co3researchers'in'the'project: Julia'Järvinen'and'Ilkka'Sammelvuo' ! 14 KA+osaaminen!hyvinvointipalveluissa 31.8.2014