Aerospace Overview WHERE PRECISION SOARS LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

WHERE PRECISION SOARS

Aerospace Overview

Luminator Proprietary & Confidential

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 2

About Lloyd FRANCIS

Apprentice trained Aviation Design Engineer, engines, systems and airframes. Part 21J CAMO Glider enthusiast. 3rd PAVCon

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

1934: Founded 1970’s: Luminator Holding, LLC 2010: Luminator Technology Group

❑ Founded in 1934, Luminator Technology Group (LTG) is a privately held

company that has been an innovator in the design and manufacture of lighting, signs and passenger information systems for more than 80 years serving three major transportation sectors: aerospace, bus, and rail

❑ Leveraging technologies and best practices across divisions delivering the

latest advancements to multiple markets and global customers

❑ Luminator Technology Group has sales of over $250M annually

Luminator Technology Group

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LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Aerospace

• General Illumination

Lights

• RGBW Mood Lights
• Reading Lights
• Seat Accent Lights
• Emergency Escape Lights

and Signs

• Passenger Information

Signs

• Landing Lights
• Wingtip Navigation Lights
• Anti-Collision Lights
• Cargo Lights
• Lighted Switches
• Passenger Control Units
• Actuation Systems
• Electronic Control Units

Bus Systems

• Destination

Signage

• LED Interior

Lighting

• Voice Systems
• INFOtainment
• Aftermarket

Services:

• Training
• Service Support

Railway Systems

• Fluorescent

Lighting Systems

• LED Lighting

Systems

• Accessory Lighting
• Air Diffusers
• Destination

Signage

Luminator Divisions

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LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 5

Rotary Content Overview

“Tip to Tail Illumination”

Position/ Navigation Lights Fixed Landing Lights HSL-1600 Searchlight Interior Lighting (NVIS) LED Searchlights Interior Lights

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 6 Wingtip / Navigation Lighting Passenger Safety Systems Lighted Switches Interior Lighting & Signs Premium Seat Lighting & Operations Main Cabin Lighting Logo Lighting Drop-in LED Lighting

Fixed Wing Content Overview

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL 7

Safe working with LEDs.

What is light Differences between light bulbs and LED’s A brief history of MIL-L-81174/2B Limitations of LED’s Safe use of LED’s in Police / HEMS flight

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑The best way to think about light is as a wave of energy that travels

through the air and bounces off things and then into your eyeball. The difference between visible light and other kinds of wavy radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum, such as x-rays, microwaves and radio waves, is the wavelength -- the distance between the peaks of the wave, measured in meters. Your eyeball has these rod and cone photoreceptor cells that just happen to be sensitive to a certain range of these wavelengths, which we call the visible spectrum. Remember ROYGBIV?

What is light

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑To understand the difference between watts and lumens, you first

need to understand a few fundamental properties of light.

What is light

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

What is light

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑ How bright something looks by your eyeball is related to (a) the rate of energy

and (b) the wavelength.

❑ Radiant power or radiant flux is the total energy emitted over the entire

electromagnetic spectrum, per unit time. This power is in units of watts, the common unit that everyone is used to shopping for the old- school incandescent bulbs. A 60 watt incandescent bulb consumes 60 watts of total electrical power and gives off approximately 45 watts of total radiant power (the other 15 watts are lost in the electronics).

What is light

❑ Yet, of these 45 watts of energy emitted

from an incandescent lightbulb, most of it is completely invisible to the human

• eye. That is, incandescents give off a

whole bunch of light your eyes just can't see.

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑ Only a small slice of the emitted "light" from an incandescent bulb falls in the range of

wavelengths visible to the human eye (390 to 700 nanometers), and the rest falls in the invisible infrared (IR) range, as shown in the figure above. An incandescent bulb is actually more efficient at making heat than light.

❑ To complicate matters, the human eye does not see visible wavelengths equally. The average

daytime color sensitivity of your cone cells, shown above in the black dashed line above, a curve sometimes referred to as the luminosity function. Your eye is most sensitive to wavelengths in the middle of the visible range, corresponding to green light. It's just a nature

• f how your eyeball works. Think of it as a filter that happens to pass more green light through

your eyes to your brain.

What is light

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

• Because the human eye is only sensitive to

a small range of wavelengths, and some of those wavelengths more than others, we need another way to measure and represent useful light. After all, a lightbulb will only appear bright if we can see the light it emits. Luminous power (also called luminous flux or photometric power), is a way to represent the power of light taking into account this wavelength- dependent sensitivity of the human

• eye. Luminous power is perceived radiant
• power. Luminous power is the power of

light you can actually see with your eyeball.

Differences between light bulbs and LED’s

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Edison

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Differences between light bulbs and LED’s

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Differences between light bulbs and LED’s

• The unit for this luminous power is the

lumen (lm). To measure lumens, you must measure the total radiant power in watts for the entire range of wavelengths (the red curve above) and then take a weighted average with the luminosity function of the human eye (the black curve above). The result of this mathematical magic is luminous power, which represents the perceived power of visible light.

• For a standard 60 watt

incandescent lightbulb, although most of the energy it emits is totally invisible, the

• utput is still equivalent 800 lumens of

visible light

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Differences between light bulbs and LED’s

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑ What are the Major Deficiencies in Incandescent Lights: ❑ Amongst the deficiencies in incandescent lighting are the following: ❑ Incandescent lights have the worst energy efficiency on the

• market. incandescent lamps have efficiency ratings around 10 lumens/watt.

Unfortunately most of the energy they consume (~90%) goes into generating heat.

❑ Incandescent lights have the worst lifespan on the market. The average bulb

lasts around 1,200 operating hours. This means that even though incandescent bulbs are cheap to purchase, you have to purchase a whole lot of them (50-100) to equal the lifespan of a single LED. Overall that means high maintenance costs.

❑ Incandescent lights are omnidirectional. Omnidirectional lights produce light in

360 degrees. This is a large system inefficiency because at least half of the light needs to be reflected and redirected to the desired area being illuminated. The need for reflection and redirection of light means that the output is much less efficient for omnidirectional lights due to losses than it would be for the same light if it were directional by its nature.

Differences between light bulbs and LED’s

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑ What’s The Major Upside to LED Lights: ❑ There are four major advantages to LED lighting: ❑ LEDs have an extremely long lifespan relative to every other lighting technology (including LPS

and fluorescent lights but especially compared to incandescent lights). New LEDs can last 50,000 to 100,000 hours or more. The typical lifespan for an incandescent bulb, by comparison, is 1-5% as long at best (roughly 1,200 hours).

❑ LEDs are extremely energy efficient relative to every other commercially available lighting

• technology. There are several reasons for this to include the fact they waste very little energy in

the form of infrared radiation (heat), and they emit light directionally (over 180 degrees versus 360 degrees which means there are far fewer losses from the need to redirect or reflect light).

❑ Very high light quality. ❑ Very low maintenance costs and hassle. ❑ In addition to the major advantages, LED lights also offer several smaller perks. These include the

following:

❑ Accessories: LEDs require far fewer accessory lamp parts. ❑ Color: LEDs can be designed to generate the entire spectrum of visible light colors without having

to use the traditional color filters required by traditional lighting solutions.

❑ Directional: LEDs are naturally directional (they emit light for 180 degrees by default). ❑ Size: LEDs can be much smaller than other lights (even incandescent). ❑ Warm-Up: LEDs have faster switching (no warm-up or cool-down period).

Differences between light bulbs and LED’s

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

MIL-L-81174/2B Searchlights

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Single White Tri-Lamp HID Single Mod

Custom Lamping Configuration 1 Infrared (IR) Filtered Halogen Lamp and 2 White Light (Visible) Halogen Lamps White Light HID Light with 20-40 Times Longer Life than a Standard 200W Multiple Beam Spread Patterns Available MIL-L-81174/2B Spec Compliant Halogen Lamp and 100-200 Times Longer Life than a Standard PAR46 #4580 lamp MIL-L-81174/2B Spec Compliant Infrared Mode—Various Candlepower and Beam Spreads Available Variable Candlepower Options, Multiple Connectors and Beam Spreads Available All Metal Gear Box Slewable 360° Rotation & 120° Ext Mil-Spec MIL-L-81174/2B 450W Lamp (Sealed Beam) 450w Max for Visible Lamps Long Lamp Life, Lower Maintenance, Low Lamp Power Draw 28VDC 220w Max for IR Lamps White Light HID Light with 20-40 Times Longer Life than a Standard 200W 16 AMP Power Draw 28 VDC Halogen Lamp and 100-200 Times Longer Life than a Standard PAR46 #4580 lamp Weight: 5.6 lbs. 16.1 Max Amp HID Lamp: 55 watts max (50W), 78 watts max (75W) 400,000 Cd Weight: 6.5 lbs. Max White Light option up to 690K Candlepower with the 75 Watt 180,000 Cd White Light option up to 480K with 50 Watt

MIL-L-81174/2B Searchlights

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

HID /IR LEDs HID II – SERVO BODY PLUS LoneStar LED

White Light HID Light with 20-40 Times Longer Life than a Standard 200W The improved HID head provides more of a homogenous light distribution with a wider beam spread The new LED head provides a optimal heatsink for thermal control management Halogen Lamp and 100-200 Times Longer Life than a Standard PAR46 #4580 lamp MAX AIRSPEED the Searchlight is 90 KNOTS (EXTENDED) and 160 KNOTS (STATIONARY) The LED technology provides the end user with longer lamp life, low power consumption and eco-friendly approach that is extremely durable Variable Candlepower Options, Multiple Connectors and Beam Spreads Available The CANOPY can ROTATION 360° in 15 Seconds The CANOPY can ROTATION 360° in 15 Seconds No Downtime Between White/IR Mode MTBF (CANOPY): 3,500 HOURS MTBF (CANOPY): 20,000 HOURS Mil-Spec MIL-L-81174/2B

The Next generation actuation system provides a brushless motor, eliminates electrical noise, increased reliability. Along with the all new gear train and position sensors to eliminate exposed micro switches. The overall base is completely sealed to weather the elements and can withstand 25g vibration The Next generation actuation system provides a brushless motor, eliminates electrical noise, increased reliability. Along with the all new gear train and position sensors to eliminate exposed micro switches. The overall base is completely sealed to weather the elements and can withstand 25g vibration

LED IR Light Source—10 Hours; 200 Times Longer Life IR Intensity: 16 NRI HID Lamp: 55 watts max (50W), 78 watts max (75W) MAX POWER: HID BALLAST –180W AT START-UP, 90 W Nominal / IRLAMPS –22.5 W MAX POWER: LED LIGHT –120 W and the IR LAMPS –10 W IR LED Ring: 76W Max (Dimmable) Weight: 6.7 lbs. Max 298,000 Cd **Estimate to release 350,000 Cd LED light in 1Q18**

MIL-L-81174/2B Searchlights

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LoseStar LED Searchlight

Input voltage: 28 VDC Max power: LED light –120 w IR lamps –10 w Motors –150 w Weight: 6.8 lb, 3.57 kg max Dimensions: 11.59”x 6.25”x 3.56” (295mm x 159mm x 91mm) Illumination characteristics: Beam spread (White): 15°± 5° peak intensity: 450k cd typical beam spread (IR): 15°±5° min IR intensity: 10-25 w/SR max (NVIS-A) Connector: terminal block / Pigtail Max airspeed: 120 knots (extended) 180 knots (stationary) Max canopy rotation time: 360°in 15 sec Temperature:

• 40 ºc to +71 ºc (operational)
• 55 ºc to +85 ºc (storage)

MTBF (canopy): 20,000 hours MTBF (base): 8,500 cycles

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LED Searchlight ADVANTAGES

Light Data

• Lamp Life = 50 hrs
• 450 Watts
• 2,300 Lumens
• 150,000

Candlepower

• 6.5lb Weight

UPGRADE

Light Data

• LED life = 10,000

hours

• 120 Watts
• 2,400 KLumens
• 6.8lb Weight
• Brushless Motors
• Position Sensor vs

Exposed Micro Switches

• Enclosed Gear Train

& Motors

• 450,000 Kca

**Measured at 10meters

LED ED SEA SEARCHLIGHT VA VALUE PRO ROPOSITION

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LED Searchlight ADVANTAGES

LED SEARCHLIG IGHT VA VALU LUE PROPOSIT ITIO ION

Tri-lamp LED

12.125" X 6.125" 308 MM X 156 MM

Dimensions

12.33" X 6.56 313 MM X 167 MM 400 W Nominal (2x) 450 W Max IR 200 W Nominal (250 W Max Motor 100 W

Watts

LED 120 W Nominal IR 10 W Motors 100 W 28 VDC

Voltage

28 VDC 150K CD MIN

Peak Intensity

450K CD MIN 15 NRI

MIN IR Intensity

25 NRI Multiple

Beam Width

(WHITE): 15°±5° (IR): 15°±5° 6.5 LB MAX 3.0 KG MAX

Weight

7.6 LB MAX 3.5 KG MAX Black

Canopy Color

Black 3,500 hours

MTBF (CANOPY)

Not measuring incandescent Bulb life 10,000 hours 4,500 cycles

MCBF (BASE)

8,500 cycles

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LED Searchlight Cost Savings

Switching to the LED Searchlight will Save $71,000

Tri Lamp LED

Cost to purchase $ 8,500 $ 15,000 Hours of Operation 10,000 10,000 Hours of Lamp life 50 10,000 # of Replacement Blubs used over 10,000 hrs (White Light only) 400 Cost of 1 replacement Bulb $ 120 $ - Total Material C1.5ost (Bulbs) $ 48,000 $ 0.00 Estimated labor hrs (3 Bulb) -

(Includes Aircraft positioning, paperwork and maintenance)

1.5hrs 0.00 Total Labor Hours 300hrs Estimated Labor / Fringe Rate $ 65 $ - Indirect Labor Costs –

Purchasing replacements Bulbs, Planning, Stocking, Stock Management

$ 10,000 Total Labor Cost $ 29,500 $ 0.00 Total Tri-Lamp Unit, Bulbs and Labor Costs $ 86,000 $ 15,000

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑ Many Police & HEMS pilots, when flying

at night use their lights in the visible mode, but also use their Night Vision Goggles (NVG’s) for increased situational awareness.

❑ Having white lights on has many benefits,

such as personnel on the ground being able to see and track the approaching aircraft; besides the aircraft very seldom

• perate in a clandestine mode.

❑ With bulb (incandescent) lights, their use

in conjunction with NVG’s is deemed acceptable; however this did not work with the first generation LED lights.

Police / HEMS operations at night

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LED Searchlight Spectral Distribution, White Light

730n m

IR

CCT=5150 K

U V

390n m

Visible

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LED Searchlight Spectral Distribution, IR Light

Visible

730n m

IR

λp = 855nm

U V

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LED Searchlight Spectral Distribution, White Light Goggle Response

Visible

730n m

IR

CCT = 5150K

U V

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LED Searchlight Spectral Distribution, White Light LED source versus Halogen source IR

Visible

730n m

U V

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑ Moore's law is the observation that

the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles about every two years. The

• bservation is named after Gordon

Moore, the co-founder of Fairchild Semiconductor and CEO of Intel, whose 1965 paper described a doubling every year in the number

• f components per integrated

circuit and projected this rate of growth would continue for at least another decade. In 1975, looking forward to the next decade, he revised the forecast to doubling every two years

Moore's law

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑NVG’s respond to light frequency and energy. ❑The trick is to tailor the PAR46 white light output to perform in

two spectrums, visible and IR, adjusting frequency and increasing energy.

Limitations of LED’s

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LS280 White Light, Unaided Eye LS400 Tri-Lamp LED

LED lab trials

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

White Light, NVIS Goggle LS280 LS400 Tri-Lamp

LED lab trials

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

IR Light, NVIS Goggle LS280 LS400 Tri-Lamp

LED lab trials

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Visible Light, Intensity versus angle

LED lab trials

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Visible Light, Radiance (NRI-A, W/sr) versus angle

LED lab trials

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

IR Light, Radiance (NRI-A, W/sr) versus angle

LED lab trials

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Normalized spectrum of sources compared against the response curve for NVIS Goggles

LED lab trials

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Field Trials

❑LED’s produce light in noticeable beam 2019.

Airbus Luminator

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑As an end note, and as an indication of how far LED’s have come,

The “Lonestar” LS400 with an output of 450Kca, has an equivalent

• utput greater than a TrakkaBeam A800 / TLX. Just compare the

lens diameters.

LED Capability

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

FAA Warns NVG Pilots Operating Near LED Lights

❑ Some LED lights cannot be seen by pilots wearing night vision goggles. ❑ Because some light-emitting diode (LED) obstruction lights cannot be seen by wearers of

night vision goggles (NVGs), crews and aircraft operators must take additional steps to ensure that pilots avoid obstacles marked with LEDs, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) says.

❑ Safety Alert for Operators (SAFO) 18010, issued earlier in September, cited the recent report

by the pilot of an emergency medical services helicopter of a near miss with a tower that had been marked with LED obstruction lighting. The pilot had been wearing NVGs; a crewmember who was not wearing goggles saw the tower and pointed it out to the pilot, the FAA said.

❑ The FAA noted that it had warned in 2009, in SAFO 09007, that some LED lighting systems

“fall outside the combined visible and near-infrared spectrum of NVGs and thus will not be visible to flight crew using NVGs.” The 2009 SAFO recommended that pilots be informed of the limitations of LED obstruction lights and that the information be included in pilot NVG training programs.

Safe use of LED’s in Police / HEMS flight

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

❑ The new SAFO outlined an additional FAA recommendation calling for air carriers and

• perators, as well as those governed by the general operating regulations of Federal Aviation

Regulations Part 91, incorporate into manuals and standard operating procedures (SOPs) a requirement for “unaided scanning” at low altitudes — that is, scanning by someone not using NVGs.

❑ “This may be accomplished by looking under or to the sides of the NVGs or by briefly placing

the NVGs in the stowed (flipped up) position,” the SAFO said. “Manuals/SOPs should include crew resource management procedures for addressing LED-lit obstructions to the pilot

• flying. For instance, non-flying personnel should make periodic unaided scans and point out

the obstruction(s) to the pilot, e.g., ‘LED lit tower, two o’clock.’ It is also recommended that a landing be aborted and/or a climb to a higher altitude be initiated any time the location of an obstruction is not clear to the pilot.”

❑ The SAFO also asked operators and pilots to report encounters with non-NVG compatible

• bstruction lighting to the Aviation Safety Reporting System at https://asrs.arc.nasa.gov.

Safe use of LED’s in Police / HEMS flight

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Limitations of LED’s

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

LUMINATOR PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

Thank You Lloyd FRANCIS lfrancis@luminatorusa.com +44 7903 739007