A Study of Properties of Polyamide/Butyl Rubber Blends J.D. (Jack) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Dec 10, 2022 355 likes •533 views

A Study of Properties of Polyamide/Butyl Rubber Blends J.D. (Jack) Van Dyke Marek Gnatowski Andy Koutsandreas Andrew Burczyk Blending Possibilities Type of butyl rubber (IIR, CIIR, BIIR) Proportion in the blend Non-vulcanized or

SLIDE 1

A Study of Properties of Polyamide/Butyl Rubber Blends

J.D. (Jack) Van Dyke Marek Gnatowski Andy Koutsandreas Andrew Burczyk

SLIDE 2

Blending Possibilities

 Type of butyl rubber (IIR, CIIR, BIIR)  Proportion in the blend  Non-vulcanized or dynamically vulcanized

– Vulcanizing agent (S, ZnO/ZDEDC, MgO/ Amine)

 Type of polyamide  Blending conditions  Preparation of the sample

SLIDE 3

Polyamide/Butyl Rubber Blends Non-Vulcanized

 Halogenated butyl rubber - more reactive  Graft/block formation during high speed mixing

– Halogenated butyl rubber – more graft/block

 Evidence of graft/block in extracted samples

– Presence of polyamide peak by FTIR – Microanalysis indicates excess nitrogen present

SLIDE 4

Tensile Properties of Polyamide 12/ Rubber Blends - Non-Vulcanized

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0

30 35 40 45 Polyamide 12 Content (% )

Tensile Strength (MPa)

PA/BIIR PA/CIIR PA/IIR

SLIDE 5

Non-Vulcanization vs. Dynamic Vulcanization

SLIDE 6

Dynamic Vulcanization

2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Mixing Time (Min) Torque (g-meters) Polyamide 12 CIIR, ZnO, Stearic Acid, Wax Added accelerator added

SLIDE 7

Rheology of PA/Butyl Rubber Blends – Comparison

100 1000 100 1000 Shear Rate (1/s) Viscosity (Pa*s)

Polyamide 12 PA12/CIIR Dynamic Vulc. PA12/CIIR Non-Vulcanized PA12/IIR Dynamic Vulc.

SLIDE 8

% Insolubles – Non Vulcanized vs. Dynamically Vulcanized

20 40 60 80 100 120 Butyl Bromobutyl Chlorobutyl % Insolubles Non Vulcanized Dynamically Vulcanized

SLIDE 9

Polyamide Melting Temperature - Effect of Rubber Type and Processing

173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 Polyamide 12 PA12/IIR PA12/IIR DV PA12/CIIR PA12/CIIR DV Melting Temperature (oC)

SLIDE 10

Comparison of Tensile Strengths - Non- Vulcanized and Dynamically Vulcanized

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 PA12/BIIR PA12/BIIR DV PA12/CIIR PA12/CIIR DV PA12/IIR PA12/IIR DV Ultimate Tensile Strength (MPa)

SLIDE 11

Comparison of Elongations - Non- Vulcanized and Dynamically Vulcanized

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 PA12/BIIR PA12/BIIR DV PA12/CIIR PA12/CIIR DV PA12/IIR PA12/IIR DV Elongation at Break (%)

SLIDE 12

Effect Molding Procedure on Tensile Properties for Dynamically-Vulcanized 40/60 PA/Rubber Blends

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Injection Compression Injection Compression Injection Compression

Tensile Strength (MPa) PA/BIIR PA/CIIR PA/IIR

SLIDE 13

Effect of Rubber Properties on Tensile Strength for Dynamically Vulcanized 40/60 PA/Rubber Blends

SLIDE 14

Conclusions

1.

Compatible blends are formed under high shear mixing - both non-vulcanized and vulcanized.

2.

Rheology of the blends depends on the method of preparation.

3.

A sample is more processible at high shear in dynamically vulcanized blends.

SLIDE 15

Conclusions

4. For dynamically vulcanized blends, the

highest tensile and elongation values are

btained with CIIR as the blend component.
5. Mechanical properties seem to be affected by
a. type of halogen
b. Mooney viscosity of the rubber
c. method of processing
d. not affected by the unsaturation in the

rubber phase.

SLIDE 16

Acknowledgements

 Department of National Defence – Canada  Laboratory staff at PEC

– Dave Lesewick, Christine Mah

 Laboratory staff at TWU

– Andria Lengkeek, Miriam Buschhaus

 Polymer Engineering Co. and Trinity Western

University

– Generous use of facilities