[PPT] - 2017 Air Quality Report Stephen Hall Air Quality Analysis Section PowerPoint Presentation

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2017 Air Quality Report

Stephen Hall

Air Quality Analysis Section Chief Air Pollution Control Program

MACC Meeting, March 30, 2017 Jefferson City, MO

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Presentation Overview

AQA Section Staff
Emissions Inventory and Trends
Ambient Air Monitoring and Trends
Website Resources

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Air Quality Analysis Section Steve Hall, Section Chief

Data Management Unit Nathan O’Neil Jeanette Barnett Jeanne Brown Erin Henry Jeffrey Stevens Terry Stock Brenda Wansing Daronn Williams Monitoring Unit Patricia Maliro Jerry Downs Eric Giroir Michael Maddux Brandi Prater

March 2017

Small Business Compliance Assistance Carlton Flowers

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Point Source Emissions Reporting

Part 70-

Full Emissions Report- Annually

(potential to emit (PTE) >100 tons per year (tpy) of any criteria pollutants, or 10/25 tpy of HAPs)

*Full EIQ is required if 5 tons/year change in emissions or if there is a

construction permit action.

Basic: PTE greater than de minimis levels but less than 100 tpy. CP-NOP: Construction Permit limits actual emissions to be below de minimis levels. de minimis Levels: PM10 = 15 tons, PM2.5 10 tons, S0x, N0x, VOC = 40 tons, CO = 100 tons, Lead = 0.6 tons, HAPs = 10 tons each/25 tons combined)

10 CSR 10-6.110 (By Permit Type)

Intermediate- Full- every three years,
therwise reduced* reporting

(PTE > 100 tpy but accepted an emission limit of less than 100 tpy)

Small sources-Basic & no operating permit (NOP) -

Full once, reduced* subsequently

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How many point source facilities?

Permit Type Type of 2015 EIQ (12/31/16) Total Number Full Reduced Part 70 263 263 Intermediate 96 120 216 Basic 187 767 954 No Operating Permit* 120 659 779 All permit types 666 1546 2212

*Construction permit limits emissions below De Minimis permit applicability limits. (CP-NOP) 5

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12% 10% 43% 36%

Number of Facilities by Permit Type (Final 2015 Emissions Year) P70 INT BASIC NOP

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92% 2% 4% 2%

% Emissions Fees collected by Permit Type 2015 Emission Year

P70 INT BASIC NOP

~$8.4 Million

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2015 New: 62 Out of Business: 63 Permit Change: Balance

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Sulfur Dioxide (S02 ) Point Source Emissions

Thousand Tons per Year

450

397

400 350

(I)

""C 300 C:

n,

(I)

::::S 250

.c:

I- 200

150 100 50 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

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v, 120 "'C C

n,

; 100 .c

1--

80 60 40 20

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Point Source Emissions Thousand Tons per Vear

169

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

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32 18

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Thousands

Volatile Organic Compounds Point Source Emissions

Thousand Tons per Year

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86 115 90

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Thousands

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Point Source Emissions

Thousand Tons per Year

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Particulate Matter (PM10 ) Point Source Emissions

25 20

111 15 ,:s C

"'

<II

::,

I=

10 5

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 (With PM2.5 Fraction) Thousand Tons per Year 2008 2009

2010

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Seriesl

Series2

Note: Not all sources eported PM2.5 fraction prior to 2012.

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~7

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Airborne Lead

Tons per Year

* Increased lead emissions for 2013 is the resu lt of stack testing at a single facility. The facility shut down the processes that release emissions through the tested stacks at the end

f the 2013 emission year, and the increased emissions are the resu lt of the shut down

activities.

SLIDE 15

CO 25% HAP 0.6% LEAD 0.002% NH3 0.4% NOx 21% PM10 5% PM2.5 3% SO2 40% VOC 5%

Percent of Total Reported Point Source Emissions by Pollutant 2015 Emissions Year

CO HAP LEAD NH3 NOX PM10 PM2.5 SO2 VOC

HAP= Hazardous Air Pollutant- not including HAPs reported as PM or VOC.

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Ambient Air Monitoring Trends

Area wide criteria pollutant monitoring long

term trends are decreasing.

Now complete with network revisions

resulting from the revised SO2, NO2, Lead, and Ozone NAAQS.

Some single source and area specific

NAAQS violations are being addressed.

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NAAQS Being Met

NO2: No Missouri sites violate the 2010 1-hour (100 ppb)

standard or annual standard (53 ppb).

–Near roadway NO2 sites –three sites deployed by 2015. No issues anticipated

PM2.5: No Missouri sites violate the 1997 annual

standard, 2006 24-hour PM2.5 standard, or the 2012 Annual (12 µg/m3) and 24-hour (35 µg/m3) standard.

– Near roadway PM2.5 sites- two monitors deployed in 2013. No issues anticipated

CO: No Missouri sites violate the 1-hour (35 ppm) or 8-hour

(9 ppm) standard.

– Near roadway CO sites- two monitors deployed in 2013. No issues anticipated

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PM10: 24-hour std. 150 μg/m3 –Monitoring

Compliance at all PM10 Sites.

Ozone (2008- 75 ppb std.)- Monitoring

Compliance statewide (2013-2015).

Lead (As of January 2017 Herculaneum

has 33 months of no violations)

NAAQS Being Met ( or no new violations)

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Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

PM2.5 24-hour Average Ambient Air Monitoring Trends

MO Sites in

Compliance

Illinois Sites

Monitoring for compliance (2015-2017)

15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Concentrations µg/m3

St. Louis Area, (MO & IL) 24-hour PM2.5 Design Value Trends, 2003-2016^

Arnold* Arnold West-FEM Clayton-FRM* Ladue-FEM

S. Broadway-FRM*
S. Broadway-FEM

Blair Street-FRM* Blair Street-FEM Branch Street-FRM*'' Branch Street-FEM'' Forest Park, I-64-FEM^^ GateWay 17-119-0024**'' Wood River 17-119-3007** East St. Louis 17-163-0010** Granite City 17-119-1007** Alton 17-119-2009** 2006 NAAQS ^Quality assured data through December 31, 2016 ^^Near Roadway Monitor "Middle Scale Monitor (not to be compared to the annual standard) *Discontinued Monitor **<3 years of data. Illinois data has been invalidated from Jan 2011 through Jun 2014 and is not available in AQS

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PM2.5 Annual Average Ambient Air Monitoring Trends

MO Sites in

Compliance

Illinois Sites

Monitoring for compliance (2015-2017)

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0

Concentrations -µg/m3

St. Louis Area, (MO & IL) Annual PM2.5 Design Value Trends, 2003-

2016^

Arnold* Arnold West-FEM Clayton-FRM* Ladue-FEM

S. Broadway-FRM*
S. Broadway-FEM

Blair Street-FRM* Blair Street-FEM Forest Park, I-64-FEM^^ Granite City 17-119-1007** East St. Louis 17-163-0010** Wood River 17-119-3007** Alton 17-119-2009** 2006 Annual Standard 2012 Annual Standard

^Quality assured data through December 31, 2016 ^^Near Roadway Monitor *Discontinued Monitor **<3 years of data. Illinois data has been invalidated from Jan 2011 through Jun 2014 and is not available in AQS

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Directly emitted: From point, non-point,

mobile sources.

Secondary Particles: PM2.5 formed from

precursor pollutants under various atmospheric conditions. Secondary particle formation varies by season and region of the country. Very complex and difficult to quantify.

Ambient PM2.5 Particulate

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Ammonium Sulfate- SO2 & ammonia

emissions are precursors to (NH4)2SO4

Ammonium Nitrate- NOx and ammonia

emissions are precursors to (NH4)(NO3)

Organic Aerosol- HVOCs (8>Carbon

atoms) react in the atmosphere to form

aerosol. (both anthropogenic and biogenic precursors)

Common Secondary PM2.5

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24-hour avg. > 35 µg/m3 Average of several sampling days ~16 µg/m3

Example: St. Louis area PM2.5

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St. Louis PM2.5 Speciation Trends

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1 2 3 4 5 6

Concentration (µg/m3)

Blair Street

Monitoring Data for all CSN Sampled Days

Sulfate Nitrate Soil OC CSN TOR-88370 EC CSN TOR-88380

Data is through 12/31/2015

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP435 Report

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Missouri 3-year Average of the 98th Percentile of the Daily 1-hr Maximum Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Concentrations

(1-hr NAAQS = 100ppb)

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

NO2

2003-2016 Design Value Trends

6 16 26 36 46 56 66 76 86 96 106

Concentration (ppb)

2003-2016 Design Value Trends

Blair Street Margaretta Forest Park, I-64^^ Rider Trail, I-70^^~ Troost Blue Ridge, I-70^^ Mark Twain State Park Liberty* Hillcrest H. Sch* West Alton* Bonn Terre* Sunset Hill* Maryland Heights* Ladue* 1-Hr NO2 NAAQS

^Quality assured data through Dec ember 31, 2016 ^^Near Roadway Monitor ~<Less than 3 years of data * Discontinued Monitor

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

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CO

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP450 Report

Missouri 1-Hour 2nd Maximum Annual Averages of the Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentrations

(1-hr NAAQS = 35 Parts Per Million (ppm)) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Concentration in parts per million (ppm)

2003-2016 Design Value Trends

Blair Street Forest Park^^ Blue Ridge, I-70^^ Sunset Hills* Margaretta* MSU* 1-hour NAAQS

^Quality Assured data through December 31, 2016 ^^Near Roadway Monitor *Discontinued Monitor

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CO

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP450 Report

Missouri 8-Hour 2nd Maximum Annual Averages of the Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentrations

(8-hr NAAQS = 9 Parts Per Million (ppm)) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Concentration in parts per million (ppm)

2003-2016 Design Value Trends

Blair Street Forest Park^^ Blue Ridge, I-70^^ Sunset Hills* Margaretta* MSU* 8-hour NAAQS ^Quality assured data through December 31, 2016 ^^Near roadway monitor *Discontinued monitor

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Opportunities for Improvement

Ozone: Three MO sites in the St. Louis area, violate the 2015

standard of 70 ppb based on 2014-2016 data. – EPA plans to designate areas in 2017.

SO2: One monitor: Jackson (partial), violates the 2010, 1-hr
standard. (Expected to be in compliance for 2015-2017)

– Attainment Demonstration has been developed and submitted to EPA. ( )

Lead: 0.15 μg/m3 2010 standard.

– One site recently violated. (No exceedances since August 2016)

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Ozone Monitoring Network

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

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Ozone (O3) Ambient Air Monitoring

95 95 94 90 90 92 89 86 86 89 85 78 77 79 86 82 78 71 72 93 91 89 84 85 85 83 83 84 87 81 76 73 76 80 78 74 68 67 82 83 82 82 79 78 73 70 70 75 71 67 65 67 71 68 64 59 59 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Ozone Concentration (parts per billion (ppb))

1996-2016 8-hour O3 Design Value Trends

St. Louis & Kansas City Areas & Rural Site

(^Quality Assured Data Through December 31, 2016)

St. Louis Area

Kansas City Area Mark Twain State Park 1997 8-hour NAAQS 2008 8-hour NAAQS 2015 8-hour NAAQS

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

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SO2 Monitoring Network

2014-2016 Design Values (ppb)^

St. Louis Area, MO

01 Rider Trail, I-70ʺ~ (14) 02 Margaretta (16) 03 Blair Street (25) 04 Herculaneum, Mott Street (23) 05 Ameren-Northwest*~ (28) 06 Ameren-North*† 07 Ameren-Valley*~ (28) 08 Ameren-Southwest*† 09 Ameren-Weaver & Hwy AA*~ (20) 10 Ameren-Natchez*~ (24) 11 Ameren-Fults, IL*~ (19) Kansas City Area, MO 12 Troost (92) Outstate Area, MO 13 Buick NE (46) 14 Hwy 32 Northeast*† 15 County Road 75*† 16 West Entrance*† Outstate Area, MO 17 M7M Site #1-AECI Water Tower*† 18 M7M Site #2-East Graveyard*† 19 M7M Site #3-West Entrance*† 20 Mark Twain State Park (7)

^Quality assured data through December 31, 2016 ʺSpecial Purpose Monitor *Industry Monitor ~Less than 3 years of data

†Began Monitoring in 2017

Green: Data Requirement Rule (DRR) Sites M7M: Magnitude 7 Metals Red & Bold: Violation of the Standard (75 ppb)

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Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

2003-2016 Design Value Trends Missouri 3-Year Average of the 99th Percentile Daily 1-hour Maximum Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Concentration Trends

(1-hr NAAQS = 75 Parts Per Billion (ppb))

SO2

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Concentration-ppb Blair Street Margaretta Rider Trail, I-70^^* Herculaneum, Mott Street Buick NE Troost Mark Twain State Park Ameren-Valley~^^" Ameren-Northwest~^^" Ameren-Weaver & Hwy AA~^^ Ameren-Natchez~^^ Ameren-Fults~^^ 2010 SO2 NAAQS ^Quality assured data through December 31, 2016 *Special Purpose Monitor ^^<3 years of data ~Industry monitor "DRR Site. The 2017 DRR sites start reporting data in 2017

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# of Expected Exceedances^

St. Louis Area, MO

01 Margaretta (0.0) 02 Blair Street* (0.0) 03 Branch Street (0.7) 04 Arnold West ^^ (0.0) Kansas City, MO 05 Front Street (0.0) 06 Troost (0.0) Springfield Area, MO 07 Hillcrest High School^^ (0.0) Outstate Area, MO 08 Carthage (0.7) 09 Mark Twain State Park (0.0) 10 St. Joseph Pump Station (0.0)

^Quality assured data through December 31, 2016 ^^Less than 3 years of data *Filter Based Monitor The 24-hour standard is attained when the expected number

f exceedances is less than or equal to one (1) when

averaged over three (3) calendar years.

PM10 Monitoring Network

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

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PM10

Data Source: Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS), AMP480 Report

^Quality assured data through December 31, 2016 ^^Less than 3 years of data

~Filter Based Monitor

**Discontinued Monitor

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0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

Average Expected Excedances

Trends of the 3-year Averages of the Expected Exceedance of the PM10 24-hour Standard

Blair Street~ Branch Street Margaretta Arnold West^^ Troost Front Hillcrest High School^^ Carthage

St. Joseph Pump

Station Mark Twain State Park Ferguson* Hall Street* Van Brunt* MSU* Oakville* 3-yr Avg of the Exp Exceed =<1

SLIDE 35

Website Resources

Monitoring Information- ‘Bookmark’

Design Value Reports
Preliminary hourly data

reports

Monitoring Network

Plans and More

More improvements

coming…

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Monitoring Site GIS Map

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Air Monitoring Site on Margaretta Avenue, St. Louis

Address: 4520 Margaretta Ave. St . Louis, MO 63105 County: The city of St. Louis is not part of a county. Pollutants currently monitored: Sulfur dioxide (502), nitrogen dioxide (N0 2} and particulate matter (PM1 0) Pollutants no longer monitored: Ozone (03), carbon monoxide (CO} and fine particulate matter (PM2.s) Date established: Jan. 1, 1999 Site coordinates * Latit ude: 38.673172° * Longitude: -90.239086° EPA Site No.: 29-510-0086 The Margaretta air monitoring station helps determine the exposure of a segment of the population of St. Louis to air pollutants. Specifically, it meets the requirement in federal regulations for monitoring exposure to nitrogen dioxide of susceptible and vulnerable populations.

Sulfur Dioxide (S02) Data*

In 2010, EPA established a new one-hour 502 standard of 75 parts per billion and introduced a new form for determining compliance with the standard. An area is in compliance if the design value is at or below the standard. The new form to determine design value requires three years of data - the average 502 concentrations from each hour of the day. The department and EPA calculate the design value using the 99th percentile

f one-hour maximum concentrations, averaged over three years.

Weekly summary of preliminary data from all S02 sites rzJ Preliminary data from Margaretta monitoring site rzJ

50 2 data in first column
Data from last 1
days th

rough current date Program Home Page Air Quality Monitoring Chemical Analysis

Env. Emergency Response System

Homeland Security Investigating Hazardous Wastes Mercury Information Methamphetamine Occupational Health and Safety Responding to Env. Emergencies Water Quality Monitoring

Contact Information

Environmental Services Program

P.O. Box 176 Jefferson City, MO 65102 800-361-4827 573-526-3315

Contact Us Report an Environmental Concern Meet the Environmental Services Program Director

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Division of Environmental Quality Acting Director: Steve Feeler Date: March 30, 2017 Nothing in this document may be used to implement any enforcement action or levy any penalty unless promulgated by rule under chapter 536 or authorized by statute.

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