01-Apr-20 WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 1 In my opinion in relation to COVID-19 pandemic People think that the year 2020 is the year of perfection But it’s now a different route The year 2020 is humanity reset button To think for a better system to govern our lives To work and collaborate for a better living To rethink the way we need to work To throw away unsustainable methodologies To accept new collaborators and new game changers big time To include the younger generation in our decision making in total not a mere rhetorical To use the thinking way out of the box which is business unusual To accept the thinking system of your subordinates more as a realistic one To put aside wholly top down thinking To respect the bottoms up thinking rationally and pragmatically To listen to the ecosystems more than the economic systems To allow specialists to rule To put aside generalists for fear of a recurrence To live simply simplistically To love life as priceless To transcend urban protocol systems as a living documents of life To listen to your aspirations more than your fears To be a human is most important WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 2 1
01-Apr-20 CONTENT ■ Problems and Challenges of Cities ■ What is Governance ■ What is Healthy Cities ■ What is Urban Design ■ What is Resilient Cities ■ What is Smart Cities ■ What is Sustainable Design ■ Cities And Covid-19 ■ Issues To Manage And Control Covid-19 ■ Post Covid-19 WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 3 Problems And Challenges Of Cities Rich & poor gap Energy & environment Open space Gender equity Transnational Peace & conflict organized crime Population Health issues & resources Clean water Science & food & technology Democratisation Global ethics Sustainable development Global foresight Transportation & climate change & decision making WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 4 2
01-Apr-20 WHAT IS GOVERNANCE? WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 5 GOVERNANCE ■ Management of the course of events in a social system ■ Sum of the many ways individuals and institutions, private and public, plan and manage common affairs of the city ■ Vital to be responsible, capable and fair ■ GOVERNANCE cannot be understood as the work only of GOVERNMENT ■ Polycentric - distribute among multiple organizations practising diverse forms of power ■ GOOD GOVERNANCE ■ Practical virtues rooted in human rights ■ Principle that governors derive their authority from people ■ Influence the social determinants of health ■ Linking autonomy and social engagement to health WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 6 3
01-Apr-20 DEFINITION OF GOVERNANCE Asian Canada Institute World Bank Development of Governance (1992) Bank (1995) (2002) Governance is a Governance is the Governance is the process whereby method through manner in which societies or which power is power is exercised organizations exercised in the make important in the management of a decisions, management of a country’s social determine whom country’s political, and economic they involve and economic, and resources for how the render social resources development. account. for development. Governance is the exercise of economic, political, and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels. It comprises the UNDP (1997) mechanisms processes, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations and mediate their differences. WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 7 Governance goes beyond the Government Creating a favorable political, legal & economic environment State Mobilizing peoples’ participating Civil Society Market Creating opportunities for people Governance is too important to be left to the Government WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 8 4
01-Apr-20 CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD GOVERNANCE 1. Accountability 8. Consensus Oriented 2. Transparency 7. Equitable & Inclusive 8 Characteristics of Good Governance 3. Responsiveness 6. Participation 4. Effectiveness and 5. Follows the Rule of Law Efficiency WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 9 WHAT IS HEALTHY CITIES WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 10 5
01-Apr-20 CITY Value Variety Vibrant Vitality ■ A place where many people live together. ■ It has many buildings and streets. Housing ■ An extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, and communication. Transportation Land Use ■ City usually has a ‘city centre’ where CITY government and business take place, and places called suburbs where people live around the outside of the centre. Sanitatio Utilities n WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 11 Why cities matter for health? “We know very much about good habitats for Siberian tigers and mountain gorillas, but only very little about a good urban habitat for Homo sapiens.” - Enrique Peñalosa, Mayor of Bogotá 1998 - 2000 and 2016 - present day City Health Influencing & Influenced WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 12 6
01-Apr-20 Diversity, Inequality, Complexity “Cities are complex systems, with urban health outcomes dependent on many interactions and feedback loops, so that prediction within the planning process is fraught with difficulties and unintended consequences are common.” - Rydin et al 2012, page 1 WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 13 CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL HEALTH GROWTH IN CITIES City governance has an important impact on health and wellbeing. The health of urban residents is influenced by how decisions are made within public authorities, and the powers and responsibilities that sit at various levels. These include decisions about urban planning, the built environment, transport, economic development, housing, policing and many other factors, in addition to decisions about public health and the health care system itself. Through our research we identified a number of underlying characteristics that shape the ability of a city to take effective action to improve population health. WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 14 7
01-Apr-20 Characteristics Governance Connectivity Structures Leadership Expertise Powers WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 15 Cities vary hugely in terms of the structures through which they are governed. A review of urban governance arrangements conducted for the UK government’s Foresight programme distinguished between several main models, including the following ( Slack and Côté 2014 ): ■ Governance One-tier Fragmented ; ■ Structures where governance is provided by multiple local governments, with no formal structures sitting above them to cover a wider Geography (eg: Paris, Los Angeles) ■ One-tier Consolidated ; “No two cities in ■ where governance is provided largely through a single city- the world have or region-wide structure (eg: Toronto) the same ■ governance Two-tier . system.” ■ which responsibilities are split across lower- and upper-tier - Professor Tony governing authorities (eg: London, Brussels) Travers, LSE London (research interview) WEBINAR Presentation By : URBAN HEALTH THROUGH GOOD GOVERNANCE 1 ST APRL 2020 | 3PM – 4PM AND GOOD URBAN DESIGN – POST COVID 19 Ar. Mustapha Kamal 16 8
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